La0.7Mg0.3-xTixNi2.8Co0.3(x=0.03,0.06,0.09,0.12)合金的储氢与电化学性能研究

用高频感应熔炼方法制备了La0.7Mg0.3-xTixNi2.8Co0.3(x=0.03,0.06,0.09,0.12)系列合金,并对其储氢和电化学性能进行测试.结果表明x=0.06时,合金储氢性能最好,气态储氢容量达1.2wt%,放电容量和比容量分别为336 mA.h.g-1,70.0%.     

基于加权主成分分析和改进密度峰值聚类的协同训练算法

[目的]针对协同训练算法在视图分割时未考虑噪声影响和两视图分类器对无标记样本标注不一致问题,提出了基于加权主成分分析和改进密度峰值聚类的协同训练算法.[方法]首先引入加权主成分分析对数据进行预处理,通过寻求初始有标记样本中特征和类标记之间的依赖关系求得各特征加权系数,再对加权变换后的数据进行降维并提取高贡献度特征进行视...     

基于烟花算法的基站群协作计算卸载模型研究

车联网、AR、AI等计算密集、时延敏感型应用迅速发展,而移动设备因自身计算能力相对不足,执行此类应用任务时会因高时延而严重影响用户体验甚至无法满足用户需求。针对此问题,提出综合考虑时延与成本的多用户、多MEC (mobile edge computing)服务器的基站群协作计算卸载模型。并提出基于凸优化的改进烟花算法（improved fireworks algorithm based on convex optimization, CVX-FWA）来对模型进行求解,对用户任务进行合理的卸载与资源分配。仿真结果表明,提出的计算卸载方案有效降低了任务总时延成本值,实现计算卸载资源的整体优化配置。     

Diversity in enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductases

The enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (ENR) is the last enzyme in the fatty acid elongation cycle. Unlike most enzymes in this essential pathway, ENR displays an unusual diversity among organisms. The growing interest in ENRs is mainly due to the fact that a variety of both synthetic and natural antibacterial compounds are shown to specifically target their activity. The primary anti-tuberculosis drug, isoniazid, and the broadly used antibacterial compound, triclosan, both target this enzyme. In this review, we discuss the diversity of ENRs, and their inhibitors in the light of current research progress. Received 3 November 2008; received after revision 5 December 2008; accepted 8 December 2008     

Direct inhibition of phospholipid scrambling activity in erythrocytes by potassium ions

The exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) at the cell surface plays a critical role in blood coagulation and serves as a macrophage recognition moiety for the engulfment of apoptotic cells. Previous observations have shown that a high extracellular [K⁺] and selective K⁺ channel blockers inhibit PS exposure in platelets and erythrocytes. Here we show that the rate of PS exposure in erythrocytes decreases by ~50% when the intracellular [K⁺] increases from 0 to physiological concentrations. Using resealed erythrocyte membranes, we further show that lipid scrambling is inducible by raising the intracellular [Ca²⁺] and that K⁺ ions have a direct inhibitory effect on this process. Lipid scrambling in resealed ghosts occurs in the absence of cell shrinkage and microvesicle formation, processes that are generally attributed to Ca²⁺-induced lipid scrambling in intact erythrocytes. Thus, opening of Ca²⁺-sensitive K⁺ channels causes loss of intracellular K⁺ that results in reduced intrinsic inhibitory effect of these ions on scramblase activity. Received 11 September 2008; received after revision 17 October 2008; accepted 27 October 2008     

Transient and constitutive repression of cytoplasmic translation signaling in cells with mtDNA mutation

Cytoplasmic translation is under sophisticated control but how cells adapt its rate to constitutive loss of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is unknown. Here we show that translation is repressed in cells with the pathogenic A3243G mtDNA mutation or in mtDNA-less ρ⁰ cells by at least two distinct pathways, one transiently targeting elongation factor eEF-2 and the other initiation factor eIF-2α constitutively. Under conditions of exponential cell growth and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, eEF-2 becomes transiently phosphorylated by an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent pathway, especially high in mutant cells. Independent of AMPK and mTOR, eIF-2α is constitutively phosphorylated in mutant cells, likely a signature of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress response induced by the loss of oxidative phosphorylation. While the AMPK/eEF-2K/eEF-2 pathway appears to function in adaptation to physiological fluctuations in ATP levels in the mutant cells, the ER stress signified by constitutive protein synthesis inhibition through eIF-2α-mediated repression of translation initiation may have pathobiochemical consequences. Received 29 October 2008; received after revision 11 December 2008; accepted 16 December 2008     

Histone methylation and ubiquitination with their cross-talk and roles in gene expression and stability

Methylation of lysine residues of histones is associated with functionally distinct regions of chromatin, and, therefore, is an important epigenetic mark. Over the past few years, several enzymes that catalyze this covalent modification on different lysine residues of histones have been discovered. Intriguingly, histone lysine methylation has also been shown to be cross-regulated by histone ubiquitination or the enzymes that catalyze this modification. These covalent modifications and their cross-talks play important roles in regulation of gene expression, heterochromatin formation, genome stability, and cancer. Thus, there has been a very rapid progress within past several years towards elucidating the molecular basis of histone lysine methylation and ubiquitination, and their aberrations in human diseases. Here, we discuss these covalent modifications with their cross-regulation and roles in controlling gene expression and stability. Received 24 September 2008; received after revision 21 November 2008; accepted 28 November 2008     

南方根结线虫侵染对乌桕癞皮夜蛾幼虫生长发育和食物利用的影响

为明确南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)侵染对癞皮夜蛾(Gadirtha fusca)幼虫的影响是否因龄期而异,本研究以南方根结线虫侵染乌桕(Triadica sebifera),选用该植株叶片饲喂癞皮夜蛾大龄幼虫,以未受南方根结线虫侵染植株的叶片作为对照,比较不同龄期幼虫生长指标和食物利用指标的差异。结果表明：随着幼虫龄期的增加,癞皮夜蛾幼虫体质量、取食量及发育历期呈上升趋势;相对生长率呈下降趋势;食物利用率和食物转化率先上升后下降,而近似消化率则呈先下降后略微上升的趋势。线虫侵染处理后,与对照相比,癞皮夜蛾4龄幼虫的相对生长率、食物利用率和食物转化率显著提高;5龄、6龄幼虫的虫体质量和5龄幼虫的相对生长率以及6龄幼虫的取食量、近似消化率、化蛹率显著降低。南方根结线虫侵染对癞皮夜蛾幼虫生长及食物利用的影响因发育阶段而异,主要通过抑制两个末龄龄期幼虫的生长发育及化蛹,从而间接减轻癞皮夜蛾对乌桕的危害。     

基于实时微内核的零拷贝通信协议

在分析现有零拷贝通信协议实现的基础上,提出了基于实时微内核的零拷贝通信协议RTZCP.针对不同的应用场景,RTZCP协议对单个数据包采用了传统的内存重映射方式来消除用户空间与内核空间之间的数据拷贝,而对于需要分片的大数据包,则采用RMA(远程内存访问)方式来实现零拷贝通信的目的.设立了专门静态网络通信资源的分配管理机制,以及具有缓冲机制的通信接口技术来优化处理IP数据包的分片机制.测试结果表明,RTZCP协议能够在提供比传统网络通信协议更低的通信延时的情况下,充分地保证实时数据包的实时通信性能.     

WLAN流媒体传输速率控制

针对IEEE 802.11的链路层重传机制和分包策略的不足,研究了基于重传时延最小约束的传输层包长调整策略,提出一种适合于无线局域网(WLAN)流媒体传输的可变包长TCP友好速率控制机制(VPTFRC).与其他方案不同,该机制进一步考查了无线包错误率对包长调整和速率控制的影响.仿真试验结果验证了采用该方法可获得优于TFRC的有效吞吐量、传输延时及抖动等指标,其中,帧传输时延、时延抖动和丢包率的最大改善程度分别可达58%,42%和85%.