Which survey indicators are useful for monitoring consumption? Evidence from European countries

This paper assesses the information content of two survey indicators for consumption developments in the near future for eight European countries in the period 1985–1998. Empirical work on this topic typically focuses on consumer confidence, the perceptions of buyers of consumption goods. This paper examines whether perceptions of sellers of consumption goods, measured by retail trade surveys, may also improve short‐term monitoring of consumption. We find that both consumer confidence and retailer confidence embody valuable information, when analysed in isolation. For France, Italy and Spain we conclude that adding retail confidence does not improve the indicator model once consumer confidence has been included. For the UK the reverse case is obtained. For the remaining four countries we show that combining consumer sentiment and retail trade confidence into a composite indicator leads to optimal results. Our results suggest that incorporating information from retail trade surveys may offer significant benefits for the analysis of short‐term prospects of consumption. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

几种照度计算方法的比较及研究

针对一个典型建筑模型，本文通过对目前几种常用照度计算方法所得结果的分析与比较，指出了造成这种差异的原因及各种计算方法的使用范围及其局限性，并结合照片计算及建筑光环理论基础，提出了较为精确的照明计算方法。     

用GC/MS、GC分析中药前胡中白花前胡丙素、丁素和紫花前胡苷元

为快速鉴别中药白花前胡（Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn.）和紫花前胡（Peucedanum decursinum Maxim.），用气相色谱/质谱（GC/MS），气相色谱法（GC）分别定性，定量分析白花前胡丙素（Pd-1a），丁素（Pd-Ⅱ）和紫花前胡苷元（Nodakenetin），在白花前胡中检出白花前胡丙素（M/Z 386）和丁素（M/Z 426)，但未检出紫花前胡苷元，在紫花前胡中检出紫花前胡苷元（M/Z 246），但未检出白花前胡丙素和丁素，线性关系：YPd-1a=1.111XPd-1a 0.021(n=6 r=0.9995)，线性范围：0.175～1.919μg，YPd-Ⅱ=1.189XPd-Ⅱ-0.013(n=6 r=0.9996),线性范围：0.086～0.950μg。YNodakenetin=0.901XNodkenetin-0.024（n=6 r=0.9999），线性范围：0.089～1.062μg，回收率：白花前胡丙素97.29%，白花前胡丁素98.81%，紫花前胡苷元96.34%，分析结果表明，不同产地药材样品中各自特征成分含量不同，分析中未能找到白花前胡和紫花前胡苷元共有的相同的有效成分或指标性成分。表明可用GC/MS区分白花前胡和紫花前胡苷元，但未能用统一的化学对照品进行质量控制。     

带参模糊关系合成

该文对广义λ-并算子的性质作了进一步的研究,利用该算子对通常的模糊关系合成进行了推广,提出一种带参的模糊关系合成,并给出了它的若干性质。     

变速齿轮传动系统最佳轴向结构布局智能设计的推理机制

本文通过对变速齿轮传动系统轴向结构布局设计规律的研究,提出了一种适合于该类问题的知识表达方式,将改进后的带有启发函数的最佳优先搜索方法引入到该问题的求解中,使得含有多重搜索空间以及带有一定约束的设计问题统一在同一搜索策略下。根据本文提出的方法,用PROLOG语言建造的推理机,通过对实际问题的考证,证明该方法在解决传动结构自动设计上是行之有效的,并且在推理机制上成功地体现了设计过程中反复设计与优化设计的功能特征.     

实时实现MPEG2运动估计的DSP处理系统

本文根据ＭＰＥＧ２的图像标准与要求，利用若干大规模集成电路芯片，设计了实时实现活动图像运动估计的ＤＳＰ处理系统板，通过序列图像的测试，证明其工作正常，性能可靠，完全符合ＭＰＥＧ２的技术规范，从而为我国近期实现ＭＰＥＧ２的编解码系统、乃至ＨＤＴＶ实验系统在硬件方面打下了良好的基础。     

Estimation and testing of time-varying coefficient regression models in the presence of linear restrictions

A linear regression model with random walk coefficients is extended to allow for linear restrictions between the coefficients to be satisfied at each point in time. Estimation in this model is shown to be no more involved than estimation in the standard model. It is also demonstrated how, after a slight modification to the testing problem, classical test procedures may be applied to the problem of testing for such restrictions. The performance of the Lagrange Multiplier test for a variety of different restrictions is then investigated via simulation. An empirical application involving testing for homogeneity in a random walk coefficient version of the AIDS model is given.     

磁光光盘动态性能的研究

该文报道了所研制的具有AIN/TbFeCo/AIN/AI四层结构磁光光盘的动态性能测试结果.当记录信息位尺寸为1μm时,信息读出载噪比大于45dB,载噪比随盘片径向位置而异.文中根据测试结果,讨论了影响载噪比的诸因素.     

动力减振实验装置的结构设计与研制

介绍动力减振实验装置的结构、实验的方法、步验与数据处理。实验结果表明所采用的设计方法是合理的、可行的。