Research on intelligent ultrasonic thickness measurement system applied to large area of hull

For a ship in service,seawater corrosion is unavoidable.In order to ensure navigation safety and master the steel plate thickness in service ship,thickness of the ship steel plate must be tested periodically by a scientific method.After consideration of an actual situation of thickness measurement,the bearing mechanism of ultrasonic thickness meter probe has been designed on the basis of wall-climbing robot,and preliminary experiments have been carried out.The device is mainly used for thickness measurement of a large area of ship hull plate when the docking ship has been sandblasted.Efficiency and safety can be improved to finish thickness measurement by using the device.     

An Extension of Gröbner Basis Theory to Indexed Polynomials Without Eliminations

Journal of Systems Science and Complexity - In computer algebra, it remains to be challenging to establish general computational theories for determining the equivalence of indexed polynomials. In...     

In situ backscattered electron imaging study of the effect of annealing on the deformation behaviors of Ni electroformed from additive-free and saccharin-containing sulfamate solutions

The Ni samples were electroformed from additive-free(AF) and saccharin-containing(SC) sulfamate solutions, respectively. In situ backscattered electron(BSE) imaging, electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD), and electron-probe microanalysis(EPMA) were used to investigate the effect of annealing on the deformation behaviors of the AF and SC samples. The results indicate that columnar grains of the as-deposited AF sample had an approximated average width of 3 μm and an approximated aspect ratio of 8. The average width of columnar grains of the as-deposited SC sample was reduced to approximately 400 nm by the addition of saccharin to the electrolyte. A few very-large grains distributed in the matrix of the SC sample after annealing. No direct evidence indicated that S segregated at the grain boundaries before or after annealing. The average value of the total elongations of the SC samples decreased from 16% to 6% after annealing, whereas that of the AF samples increased from 18% to 50%. The dislocation recovery in grain-boundary areas of the annealed AF sample was reduced, which contributed to the appearance of microvoids at the triple junctions. The incompatibility deformation between very-large grains and fine grains contributed to the brittle fracture behavior of the annealed SC Ni.     

用数字波束形成技术测量干扰环境中目标的方向

本文讨论了在干扰环境中利用数字波束形成技术确定目标方向的方法,给出了计算机模拟结果。测量目标角度是基于单脉冲技术中的和差波束的方法。由于各路接收机幅相误差和算法本身的影响,差波束指向零点将产生漂移且零深不够理想,影响了测角精度。本文提出了在差波束的理想指向零点方向用正交化算法产生一零点的办法来校正零点漂移和加深零深,又不影响差方向图的其它性能,从而为用数字波束形成技术精密测角提出了一条路径。另外,本文给出了为消除主瓣干扰而对和差方向图影响的模拟结果。     

MIL-101(Fe)对草甘膦的吸附行为研究

采用溶剂热法制备MIL-101(Fe)用作吸附材料,借助XRD、SEM、XPS及氮气吸脱附测试对所制材料的形貌及结构进行表征,研究了溶液pH值、反应时间、溶液浓度以及温度对其吸附草甘膦行为的影响。结果表明,当pH为3时,MIL-101(Fe)对草甘膦的吸附效果最佳,且随着温度的升高,MIL-101(Fe)对草甘膦的吸附速率明显增加,吸附过程符合拟二级动力学,等温吸附实验数据符合Langmuir和Temkin模型。MIL-101(Fe)吸附草甘膦属自发吸热的化学吸附反应,MIL-101(Fe)的中心金属Fe与草甘膦中O的配位在吸附过程中起主要作用。     

乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的本征动力学研究

针对ＧＳ－０５催化剂在反应温度为５７０～６２０℃、系统压力为常压、水烃比（重）为２０,１．５,１．３条件下进行了乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的本征动力学研究,提出了该反应的简化反应网络,求得了各个反应的动力学速度式及有关动力学参数．研究结果表明,ＧＳ－０５催化剂对乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯具有良好的活性和选择性．     

支持向量机在围岩变形监测中的应用

根据支特向量机优越的非线性拟合性能,建立变形量的时间序列预测模型,滚动预测围岩变形量,提高了预测模型的训练速度和预测推广能力。该方法用于西乡-固戍盾构段围岩变形预测,并与BP神经网络预测进行比较。结果表明这种模型可预测区间较长且具有较高的准确度,能够科学地指导现场施工和监测。     

合成生物学与工业生物技术

合成生物学是近年来发展起来的新兴学科,因其具有重要的研究意义和巨大的应用开发潜力而备受关注,发展极为迅速。本文对合成生物学的国内外研究概况、发展方向及其对工业生物技术领域的推动作用进行了概述。     

跨期选择的神经机制：从折扣未来获益到折扣未来损失

跨期选择是对不同时间产生的结果进行权衡的决策过程。该过程不仅涉及到获益,往往也涉及到损失。以往对跨期选择神经机制的影像学研究主要集中在获益情境,而损失条件下的神经机制仍属未知。在本研究中,我们采用事件相关fMRI技术,通过获益和损失对称设计的两个决策任务,考察了跨期选择的神经机制。研究发现,对获得和损失进行折扣的神经机制并不对称。一般来说,当被试对未来的获得与损失进行选择时,侧额叶和后顶叶区域都发生了激活;但在折扣损失时,不仅这两个区域的脑激活更强,脑岛、丘脑、背侧纹状体等区域也显著激活。其次,如果被试需要对即刻获得选项进行选择时,后扣带回和内侧前额叶皮质都会发生激活;而在折扣损失时,前扣带回、脑岛和额上回都会发生激活。这些结果说明,人类的大脑对未来损失比对未来的获得更加敏感,而这可能是由诸如恐惧、厌恶之类的负性情绪所驱动的。这一研究结果为揭开跨期选择时间折扣的神经机制提供了新的证据。     

中国大陆科研机构在免疫学高水平期刊发表论文统计

为了解我国大陆科研机构在免疫学高水平学术期刊发表论文的情况,本文统计分析了我国大陆科研机构作为第一著作单位在Immunity等知名期刊发表的免疫学学术论文。统计结果显示我国免疫学领域的总体研究实力尚显不足,但近几年发展较快,高水平论文的数量逐年增加,研究团队的数量和实力都有很好的发展,研究领域不断拓宽,有着很好的发展势头。