3D建模与快速成型技术在个体化膝关节假体术中的应用

目的探讨3D建模与快速成型技术在个体化膝关节肿瘤假体手术治疗中的新方法,评价3D建模与快速成型技术的应用价值.方法选取3例膝关节骨肿瘤患者,术前均对膝关节周围病损区行CT扫描,获得原始数据后,导入Mimics19.0软件,在软件中模拟手术规划,并且设计与切除后剩余的骨组织相契合的钛合金"植物.随访期间应用国际骨与软组织肿瘤保肢(Musculoskeletal Tumor Society,MSTS)功能评分系统对患者的术后功能情况进行评价.结果 3例患者均获随访,随访时间5~26个月,平均16个月.末次随访MSTS得分为18~29分,平均24.3分,其中优2例,良1例,优良率达100%.结论通过3D建模与快速成型技术在膝关节肿瘤手术中的应用,可精确指导截骨界限,设计个体化膝关节假体,韧带附丽点接近生理结构,为膝关节骨肿瘤治疗提供新方法.     

黑果腺肋花楸组培繁殖培养基筛选

以黑果腺肋花楸茎尖和嫩叶为外植体,在MS培养基中加入不同种类与用量的生长调节剂,筛选黑果腺肋花楸组织培养繁殖培养基.结果表明:黑果腺肋花楸愈伤组织诱导效果较好的培养基为MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L;不定芽诱导效果较好的培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L;不定根诱导效果较好的培养基为1/2 MS+IBA 0.05 mg/L;以泥炭土、松针、砂砾(2∶1∶1)为基质时,组培苗移栽成活率较高(成活率96%).     

基于指数移动平均的无线层析成像算法

为提高无线层析成像（RTI）算法在多径环境下对运动目标的跟踪精度,降低多径效应对信号变化的影响,引入指数移动平均（EMA）作为无线层析成像中衡量信号变化的参量.采用长时EMA作为基准,无需事先测量待测区域的背景信息.进行了室外穿墙和室内多径环境的单运动目标跟踪实验,与SRTI和KRTI比较,结果显示基于指数移动平均的RTI算法跟踪误差小于其他算法,而算法耗时没有明显增加.      

Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the yttriumhydrogen binary system

A coupled experimental investigation and thermodynamic study of the yttrium-hydrogen(Y-H) binary system were carried out to provide more comprehensive and quantitative insights into the key thermodynamic properties of this system. Y-H system in the full range of H/Y = 0–3.0 was investigated by accurate pressure composition isotherm(PCI) measurement to provide credible phase equilibria information and thermodynamic data.The phase boundaries obtained were in agreement with previous experimental data but with improved accuracy.With the guide of the crystal structures, all the solid phases were modelled using the three sublattice model. The Y-H phase diagram and thermodynamic parameters were calculated and assessed with the CALPHAD technique.The obtained results are in very good agreement with our experimental data and the published data reported in literature. The obtained thermodynamic database of Y-H system can be used to predict the hydrogenation behavior and decomposition temperatures of hydrides.     

Surface modification of Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys by microarc oxidation to improve high-temperature oxidation resistance

Microarc oxidation(MAO)electrolysis plasma deposition was used to prepare Al_2O_3coatings on Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys to improve high temperature oxidation resistance.The surface and cross-section morphologies before and after high-temperature oxidation,the chemical composition,and the phase identification of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron probe microanalyses(EPMA),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that Al_2O_3coatings with a thickness of approximately 8μm can be obtained on the Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys by MAO for 600 s.The samples with the Al_2O_3coatings exhibited better high-temperature oxidation resistance.A minimal weight gain of only 0.396 g/m~2after 100 h oxidation at 900°C was observed for the coatings formed with a deposition voltage of 400 V and using a duty cycle of 3%.The deposition mechanism of the Al_2O_3coatings and the effect of the MAO parameters are also described.     

Study on the hydrogen storage property of (TiZr0.1)xCr1.7-yFeyMn0.3 (1.05

Jigang Li  Li Xu  Xiaojing Jiang  Xingguo Li 《自然科学进展(英文版)》2018,28(4):470-477

Effect of cold rolling process on microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength β titanium alloy thin sheets

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe high strength titanium alloy sheets prepared by unidirectional cold rolling and two-step cross cold rolling were investigated. Results showed that the β phase grains were refined significantly by cold rolling followed by solution treatment for a short time.Compared to unidirectional cold rolling, the short time solution treatment after two-step cross rolling could significantly reduce the non-uniformity of the microstructure of the alloy sheets. After aging treatment at 550 ℃,the anisotropy of the mechanical properties still existed in the unidirectional rolled sheets, and the tensile strength was highest along the rolling direction. After solution and aging treatment, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the two-step cross rolling process sheet was not obvious than unidirectional cold rolling,and alloy had good strength and plasticity matching.     

广西围填海进程及其对近海生态和生物资源的影响分析

近年来,随着社会、经济和科技的迅猛发展以及人口的快速增加,广西城镇化、工业化的迅速推进,土地需求量急剧增加。围填海是缓解沿海省市土地资源紧缺的重要方式;围填海在带来经济效益的同时,对海洋环境、生态也造成了巨大的影响。为此,本文在分析广西沿海1949年至今大规模围填海进程和特征的基础上,从海洋生态环境、自然海岸线、滨海湿地和海洋生物资源等方面,分析和探讨大规模围填海对广西近海生态环境和资源的影响,并对如何合理地开发利用海洋资源提出初步的管理方法和对策,为广西沿海经济快速发展和围填海开发管理提供参考。     

农业技术创新体系带动低碳农业发展的现实困境与政策建议

如今全球的环境问题和气候变暖问题日益严重,为了能够可持续发展农业,人们逐渐开始重视发展低碳农业,把农业技术创新和推广看得越来越重要.其中农业技术创新体系包含了技术运用、技术研究和推广、技术创新、技术服务四个方面.目前我国农业技术创新对于绿色低碳农业来说还存在一些问题,比如创新体制不健全、政策制度不全面、应用主体观念弱、技术总结体系不完善、推广组织结构不正确等多个问题.因此,为了推动低碳农业的发展要以政府主导干预为中心,不断推进农业技术创新组织、加快农村土地交互改革、加强农业金融制度完善和对外合作这五个方面,从而进一步推进低碳农业发展.     

Ground demonstration system based on in-orbit assembly oriented manipulator flexible force control

To eliminate the load weight limit of carrier rockets and reduce the burden on support struc-tures,in-orbit assembly is a key technology to make design of scattering a large diameter telescope into submirror modules, which requires smooth operation of assembly robots, and flexible force con-trol technology is necessary.A ground demonstration system is presented for in-orbit assembly focu-sing on flexible force control.A six-dimensional force/torque sensor and its data acquisition system are used to compensate for gravity.For translation and rotation, an algorithm for flexible control is proposed.A ground transportation demonstration verifies accuracy and smoothness of flexible force control, and the transportation and assembly task is completed automatically.The proposed system is suitable for the development of in-orbit assembly robots.