河北省棉花生育期连阴雨气候变化特征分析

利用河北省65个气象观测站自1954年(或建站)至2000年的气象资料,分析了河北省棉花四个生育期的连阴雨气候变化特征.结果表明:河北省棉区大部棉花播种出苗期、蕾期、花铃期和吐絮期连阴雨分别为1～2年一遇、1～3年一遇、1～2年一遇和2～6年一遇.不同时期重连阴雨所占比率分别为25%、65%、49%和45%.近50年来,除播种出苗期连阴雨历年出现次数具有增多趋势外,其它各个时期的连阴雨、重连阴雨以及播种出苗期重连阴雨均具有减少趋势,但各时期减少幅度有所不同.     

介孔有机膦酸盐材料的合成及应用研究进展

介孔有机膦酸盐材料作为一类新型的有机-无机杂化材料,凭借其独特的结构可剪裁性和丰富的化学表面性质在催化、分离与吸附、生物分子的固定等诸多领域都具有巨大的潜在应用价值,因此近几年来越来越受到人们的关注。本文系统地概述了介孔有机膦酸盐材料的发展历程及其合成和应用研究的发展现状,并对这种新型杂化介孔材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

Male-pattern baldness susceptibility locus at 20p11

We conducted a genome-wide association study for androgenic alopecia in 1,125 men and identified a newly associated locus at chromosome 20p11.22, confirmed in three independent cohorts (n = 1,650; OR = 1.60, P = 1.1 x 10(-14) for rs1160312). The one man in seven who harbors risk alleles at both 20p11.22 and AR (encoding the androgen receptor) has a sevenfold-increased odds of androgenic alopecia (OR = 7.12, P = 3.7 x 10(-15)).     

救助直升机救助半径分析和计算

在分析直升机搜救行动特点的基础上,以直升机的续航时间为界限,着重对直升机的搜寻范围进行了分析,并结合相关的影响因素,采用数学计算的方法解决直升机在搜寻过程中所需时间等参数.根据救助直升机的不同性能,利用计算机软件迅速进行预判,得出不同的海上救助半径.为救助直升机的调度,指挥和合理安排作出了一些尝试.     

德士古渣油气化系统数学模拟

对德士古渣油气化系统进行了过程分析,建立了单元设备物料和热量衡算的数学模型,提出了计算气化炉微量组分的方法。运用序贯模块法对该系统进行了稳态模拟计算,结果同设计值和工厂值吻合较好。     

全面二孩政策下对实施教育、医疗、就业配套措施的研究

全面二孩政策的实施与生殖健康、妇幼保健和入托入学等一系列行业与部门息息相关.通过调查居民二孩生育意愿,从教育、医疗和就业3个方面研究在全面二孩政策下人们产生的新需求,使用RPART分析和方差分析等方法深入分析调查数据,研究如何布局好二孩政策的配套措施,消除居民的生育顾虑,促进二孩政策的推行,解决我国面临的人口老龄化问题,优化人口结构.     

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and its stability

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is responsible for the disease cystic fibrosis (CF). It is a membrane protein belonging to the ABC transporter family functioning as a chloride/anion channel in epithelial cells around the body. There are over 1500 mutations that have been characterised as CF-causing; the most common of these, accounting for ~70 % of CF cases, is the deletion of a phenylalanine at position 508. This leads to instability of the nascent protein and the modified structure is recognised and then degraded by the ER quality control mechanism. However, even pharmacologically ‘rescued’ F508del CFTR displays instability at the cell’s surface, losing its channel function rapidly and it is rapidly removed from the plasma membrane for lysosomal degradation. This review will, therefore, explore the link between stability and structure/function relationships of membrane proteins and CFTR in particular and how approaches to study CFTR structure depend on its stability. We will also review the application of a fluorescence labelling method for the assessment of the thermostability and the tertiary structure of CFTR.     

IFT54 regulates IFT20 stability but is not essential for tubulin transport during ciliogenesis

Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is required for ciliogenesis by ferrying ciliary components using IFT complexes as cargo adaptors. IFT54 is a component of the IFT-B complex and is also associated with cytoplasmic microtubules (MTs). Loss of IFT54 impairs cilia assembly as well as cytoplasmic MT dynamics. The N-terminal calponin homology (CH) domain of IFT54 interacts with tubulins/MTs and has been proposed to transport tubulin during ciliogenesis, whereas the C-terminal coiled-coil (CC) domain binds IFT20. However, the precise function of these domains in vivo is not well understood. We showed that in Chlamydomonas, loss of IFT54 completely blocks ciliogenesis but does not affect spindle formation and proper cell cycle progression, even though IFT54 interacts with mitotic MTs. Interestingly, IFT54 lacking the CH domain allows proper flagellar assembly. The CH domain is required for the association of IFT54 with the axoneme but not with mitotic MTs, and also regulates the flagellar import of IFT54 but not IFT81 and IFT46. The C-terminal CC domain is essential for IFT54 to bind IFT20, and for its recruitment to the basal body and incorporation into IFT complexes. Complete loss of IFT54 or the CC domain destabilizes IFT20. ift54 mutant cells expressing the CC domain alone rescue the stability of IFT20 and form stunted flagella with accumulation of both IFT-A component IFT43 and IFT-B component IFT46, indicating that IFT54 also functions in IFT turn-around at the flagellar tip.     

Melatonin and mitochondrial function during ischemia/reperfusion injury

Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury occurs in many organs and tissues, and contributes to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Melatonin, an endogenously produced indolamine, provides a strong defense against IR injury. Mitochondrion, an organelle for ATP production and a decider for cell fate, has been validated to be a crucial target for melatonin to exert its protection against IR injury. In this review, we first clarify the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction during IR and melatonin’s protection of mitochondria under this condition. Thereafter, special focus is placed on the protective actions of melatonin against IR injury in brain, heart, liver, and others. Finally, we explore several potential future directions of research in this area. Collectively, the information compiled here will serve as a comprehensive reference for the actions of melatonin in IR injury identified to date and will hopefully aid in the design of future research and increase the potential of melatonin as a therapeutic agent.     

基于循环前缀的MIMO-OFDM改进信道估计算法

多输入多输出正交频分复用(multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, MIMO-OFDM)系统中,为提升最小二乘(least squares, LS)信道估计算法的估计精度,可以利用离散傅里叶变换(discrete Fourier transform, DFT)算法对LS算法进行改进,然而,DFT算法对最大时延内的噪声未作处理,因此算法的估计精度仍易受噪声影响。针对这一不足,本文提出基于循环前缀(cyclic prefix,CP)的改进DFT信道估计算法。该算法以CP的长度为标准,对CP长度外的信道系数置零,对CP长度内的信道系数设置门限值,将模值小于门限值的信道系数置零。理论分析和仿真结果表明,改进算法中噪声被有效抑制,估计算法的精度得到提高。