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951.
利用合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)卫星可对土壤湿度实现大面积、时间连续的反演.针对此过程中难以消除植被遮挡的问题,提出融合SAR微波数据和光学数据,利用修正水云模型消除植被影响,求解纯粹地表后向散射系数,代入裸土区土壤湿度反演算法进行土壤湿度反演,并在武汉豹澥区域设置实测站点记录实测数据进行比对.结果分析表明,经过植被消除后,实测站点垂直极化后向散射系数平均衰减量与植被覆盖度之间时间序列上相关系数达到0.83;土壤湿度反演值与实测值趋势相关性平均提升0.08,且提升程度与植被覆盖度相关系数也达到0.8以上,表明本算法针对植被覆盖度越大区域反演效果越好.该方法通过SAR影像和光学影像融合反演长时间序列土壤湿度具有良好可信度. 相似文献
952.
953.
农村环境自治是村民自治在环境领域的特殊体现和具体样式,是村民自治的延伸。它关系着我国新型城镇化的进程,关系着农村居民的生活舒适程度。农村环境自治的基本诉求是培育农民的环境自觉和环境意识,走一条社会资本与制度资本相结合的治理道路。而社区凭借其规模小、稳定、同质性高以及拥有共同意识等优势成为农村环境自治的承载主体。社区作为通往农村环境自治的阶梯离不开政府的政治支持、充足的资源配置以及完善的法律保障,非政府环保组织的积极参与也是社区环境治理不可缺少的社会力量。 相似文献
954.
为获得形貌均匀、晶形细小的TiO2-聚苯胺纳米复合薄膜,研究沉积条件对复合膜的影响,采用电化学沉积技术进行了复合膜的制备试验.试验确定了膜沉积的优化条件:电位为-1.5 V(VSSCE),pH=1.5~2.0,沉积时间为1 300 s.采用电化学方法、扫描电镜及热分析等测试手段对电沉积复合膜进行了表征.结果表明:循环伏安峰电流越小,对应的沉积膜的沉积质量越好;基底不同,复合膜形貌有着显著差异.扫描电镜观察发现:沉积液中苯胺分子对电沉积反应过程、沉积物粒度及形貌有很大的影响,苯胺小分子的添加有利于得到晶形更为细小的TiO2-聚苯胺纳米复合薄膜. 相似文献
955.
针对现有软件过程验证主要以结构验证和性质验证为主,缺乏行为验证的不足,提出了一种验证软件演化过程行为的代数方法.该方法使用通信进程代数ACP对软件演化过程元模型EPMM进行扩展,提出软件演化过程元模型代数EPMM-A.针对EPMM建模产生的软件演化过程模型,一方面使用EPMM-A形式定义软件演化过程模型的行为规约,另一方面在其公理系统的支持下,基于等式推导验证软件演化过程模型的行为与行为规约是否一致,使行为验证方式从模型推导(非形式化)变为代数推导(形式化).为了说明代数推导的正确性,证明了软件演化过程元模型代数的公理系统具有可靠性. 相似文献
956.
957.
This paper gives an overview of recent development of the marine well containment system (MWCS) after BP Macondo subsea well blowout occurred on April 20,2010 in the Gulf of Mexico. Capping stack,a hard-ware utilized to contain blowout well at or near the wellhead is the center piece of MWCS. Accessibility to the dedicated capping stacks is gradually becoming a pre-requirement to obtain the permit for offshore drilling/workover, and the industry for manufacturing,maintenance,transportation and operation of the capping stack is in the making. 相似文献
958.
Abundant TiO2-II, a high-pressure polymorph of titanium dioxide, was found in the gneiss fragments of impact-produced breccias from the Xiuyan crater. Rutile in the gneiss was severely fragmented and fine-grained clasts less than 2 ~tm in size had been transformed to TiO2-II. Irregular thin layered TiO2-II is also observed in coarse-grained ruffle fragments, where the TiO2-II layers distributes along fractures and cracks in rutile, About 30 percent of rutile in the gneiss had been transformed to TiO2-II. Fine grains of TiO2-II display light bluish grey to light yellow brown in plane-polarized reflected light. Crystallographic investigation shows that TiO2-II has an orthorhombic structure with space group Pbcn. The cell parameters are a=4.543(1)/~, b=5.491(9)/~ and c=4.895(2) ,~. Its empirical formula calculated on the basis of two oxygen atoms can be written as (Tio.985Feo.oosNbo.oor- Si0.003Zr0.0Ol)l.0O302, or simply formula TiO2. According to the shock effects of quartz and feldspars, the peak shock pressure and post-shock temperature in the TiO2-II-bearing gneiss are estimated to be between 35 and 43 GPa and 300-900~C, respectively. The finding of TiO2-II in the shock-metamorphosed gneiss provides another mineral physics evidence for shock origin of the Xiuyan crater. 相似文献
959.
Analysis of deep-layer and bottom circulations in the South China Sea based on eight quasi-global ocean model outputs 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This study is a preliminary analysis of the South China Sea (SCS) deep circulations using eight quasi-global high-resolution ocean model outputs. The goal is to assess models’ ability to simulate these deep circulations. The analysis reveals that models’ deep temperatures are colder than the observations in the World Ocean Atlas, while most models’ deep salinity values are higher than the observations, indicating models’ deep water is generally colder and saltier than the reality. Moreover, there are long-term trends in both temperature and salinity simulations. The Luzon Strait transport below 1500 m is 0.36 Sv when averaged for all models, smaller compared with the observation, which is about 2.5 Sv. Four assimilated models and one unassimilated (OCCAM) display that the Luzon deep-layer overflow reaches its minimum in spring and its maximum in winter. The vertically integrated streamfunctions below 2400 m from these models show a deep cyclonic circulation in the SCS on a large scale, but the pattern is different from the diagnostic streamfunction from the U.S Navy Generalized Digital Environment Model (GDEM-Version 3.0, GDEMv3). The meridional overturning structure above 1000 m is similar in all models, but the spatial distribution and intensity below 1500 m are quite different from model to model. Moreover, the meridional overturning below 2400 m in these models is weaker than that of the GDEMv3, which indicates a deep vertical mixing process in these models is biased weak. Based on the above evaluation, this paper discusses the impacts of T/S initial value, topography, and mixing scheme on the SCS deep circulations, which may provide a reference for future model improvement. 相似文献
960.
Episodic crustal anatexis and the formation of Paiku composite leucogranitic pluton in the Malashan Gneiss Dome, Southern Tibet 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
LiE Gao LingSen Zeng KeJun Hou ChunLi Guo SuoHan Tang KeJia Xie GuYue Hu Li Wang 《科学通报(英文版)》2013,58(28-29):3546-3563
The Paiku composite leucogranitic pluton in the Malashan gneiss dome within the Tethyan Himalaya consists of tourmaline leucogranite, two-mica granite and garnet-bearing leucogranite. Zircon U-Pb dating yields that (1) tourmaline leucogranite formed at 28.2±0.5 Ma and its source rock experienced simultaneous metamorphism and anatexis at 33.6±0.6 Ma; (2) two-mica granite formed at 19.8±0.5 Ma; (3) both types of leucogranite contain inherited zircon grains with an age peak at ~480 Ma. These leucogranites show distinct geochemistry in major and trace elements as well as in Sr-Nd-Hf isotope compositions. As compared to the two-mica granites, the tourmaline ones have higher initial Sr and zircon Hf isotope compositions, indicating that they were derived from different source rocks combined with different melting reactions. Combined with available literature data, it is suggested that anatexis at ~35 Ma along the Himalayan orogenic belt might have triggered the initial movement of the Southern Tibetan Detachment System (STDS), and led to the tectonic transition from compressive shortening to extension. Such a tectonic transition could be a dominant factor that initiates large scale decompressional melting of fertile high-grade metapelites along the Himalayan orogenic belt. Crustal anatexis at ~28 Ma and ~20 Ma represent large-scale melting reactions associated with the movement of the STDS. 相似文献