Theoretical calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of β-SiC(110) surface

We present a theoretical calculation of the atomic and electronic structure of β-SiC and its non-polar (110) surface using the full potential linear augmented plane wave (FPLAPW) approach. The calculated lattice constant and bulk modulus of β-SiC crystal are in excellent agreement with experimental data. The atomic and electronic structure of β-SiC(110) surface has been calculated by employing the slab and supercell model. It is found that the surface is characterized by a top-layer bond-length-contracting rotation relaxation in which the Si-surface atom moves closer towards the substrate while the C-surface atom moves outward. This relaxation is analogous to that of Ⅲ-Ⅴ semiconductor surface. The driving mechanism for this atomic rearrangement is that the Si atom tends to a planar sp²-like bonding situation with its three N neighbors and the N atom tends to a p³-like bonding with its three Si neighbors. Furthermore, surface relaxation induces the change from metallic to semiconducting characterization.     

Identification of a novel DNA molecule associated with Tobacco leaf curl virus

A circular DNA molecule, designated as DNAβ, was identified in tobacco plants infected with Tobacco leaf curl virus (TLCV) isolates Y5 and Y8 by PCR using primers based on the conserved region of the two reported DNAβ sequences of whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses (WTGs). The complete nucleotide sequences of DNAβ of Y5 and Y8 (TLCV DNAβ) were determined. Y5 DNAβ comprises 1333 nucleotides encoding 8 predicted ORFs with 4 ORFs in virion-sense DNA and 4 ORFs in complementary-sense DNA; Y8 DNAβ consists of 1338 nucleotides encoding 7 predicted ORFs with 4 ORFs in virion-sense DNA and 3 ORFs in complementary-sense DNA. TLCV DNAβ has little sequence homology to DNA-A of TLCV., except that it shares conserved TAATATTAC loop sequence with TLCV DNA-A. Sequence comparison showed that Y5 DNAβ shared 85% sequence homology with Y8 DNAβ, and both Y5 DNAβ and Y8 DNAβ had relatively low sequence identity (51%–65%) with the reported DNAβ molecules associated with Ageratum yellow vein virus and Cotton leaf curl virus. The immunotrapping PCR and whitefly transmission tests showed that DNAβ molecule could be encapsidated in virus particle and transmitted by Bemisia tabaci. This is the first report of DNAβ associated with WTGs in China.     

Microelement analysis of source of raw materials of terracotta warriors and horses of Qin’s Mausoleum in pits No. 1 and No. 2

In order to search for sources of the raw material of the Qin’s terracotta warriors and horses, we selected 20 samples of pottery warriors and pottery horses of the Qin’s Mausoleum from pit No. 1, 19 samples of pottery warriors and brick from pit No. 2, 20 samples of clays near the Qin’s Mausoleum and 2 samples of Yaozhou porcelain bodies. The 32 kinds of element content of each sample were measured by neutron activation analysis (NAA). These data were analyzed by fuzzy cluster analysis, the trend cluster analysis diagram was obtained. The results showed that samples of terracotta warriors and horses from pits No.1 and No. 2 were closely related to the loam layer near Qin’s Mausoleum, but their relations with the loess layers were not so close, and they were out of all relation to Yaozhou porcelain bodies. Thus, it could be deduced that the Li Mountain clay may be considered as the original place of the raw materials of the terracotta warriors and horses, the kiln sites might be located nearby the Qin’s Mausoleum.     

Experimental study on the P wave velocity in rocks from lower crust and crust-mantle transitional zone beneath the Hannuoba

Cenozoic basalt-borne mafic granulite-facies plagioclase pyroxenite and eclogite-facies garnet pyroxenite xenoliths from the Hannuoba, as well as nearby Archean terrain granulites, are selected for the experimental study on the P wave velocity at high temperature and high pressure in order to reveal the present-day compositional features for the lower crust and crust-mantle transitional zone. Results show that mafic xenoliths have high Vp (7.0～8.0 km/s), in contrast, the Archean terrain granulites have low Vp (<7.0 km/s). High Vp mafic xenoliths can represent the present-day compositional features for the lower crust and crust-mantle transitional zone beneath the Hannuoba. This provides new evidence for the crust vertical growth and the formation of the crust-mantle transitional zone resulting from the magma underplating. Low Vp Archean granulite still remains the characteristics of the early lower crust.     

Modeling studies on the changes of the Subtropical High over the Western Pacific during the last 100 years

Intensity index series of Subtropical High over the Western Pacific was constructed according to modeling results by using of CCM3.6 atmospheric model with climatologically SST forcing for 30 years, and with observed SST forcing from 1900 to 2000. The index series constructed by modeling closely correlated to the observations for 1951-1999 (c.c. 0.72) and to the statistically reconstructed one for 1900-1950 (c.c. 0.51). The index series for 1900-1999 showed significant 80 a and 40 a periodicity. A minimum of persistence in seasonal variations of the index occurred in Autumn, which was called "Autumn Barrier". It may relate to the "Spring Barrier", found in the seasonal variations of SST over the Eastern Equatorial Pacific. The increasing trend shown in the index series for the 20th century may associate with the global warming caused by enhancement of greenhouse effect.     

The 1997–1998 warm event in the South China Sea

A strong warm event happens during spring 1997 to spring 1999 in the South China Sea. Its intensity and duration show that it is the strongest event on the record over the past decades. It also corresponds with the severe flood over the valley of the Yangtze River and a couple of marine environmental events. This note addressed the evolution process by using several data sets, such as sea surface temperature, height and wind stress in addition to subsurface temperature. The onset of the warm event almost teleconnects with the El Niño event in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Summer monsoon is stronger and winter monsoon is weaker in 1997 so that there are persistent westerly anomalies in the South China Sea. During the development phase, the warm advection caused by southerly anomalies is the major factor while the adjustment of the thermocline is not obvious. Subsequently, the southerly anomalies decay and even northerly anomalies appear in the summer of 1998 resulting from the weaker than normal summer monsoon in 1998 in the South China Sea. The thermocline develops deeper than normal, which causes the downwelling pattern and the start of the maintaining phase of the warm event. Temperature anomalies in the southern South China Sea begin to decay in the winter of 1998–1999 and this warm event ends in the May of 1999.     

四可倾瓦轴承负荷传感器结构三维有限元分析

对大型汽轮发电机组四可倾瓦轴承双剪桥式负荷传感器结构进行了三维有限元分析，研究了不同边界条件对传感器结构应力（应变）场的影响，计算与试验结果对比表明，所建立的有限元模型是正确的，可将其用于双剪桥式轴承负荷传感器结构优化设计。     

一种基于混沌迭代的加密算法

提出一种基于混沌迭代的加密算法，这种加密算法根据混沌迭代确定的位置将明文填入一个较大的密文空间。反之，利用混沌迭供的确定性，可以方便地从密文空间中取出密文单元，重新排列得到明文。     

玻璃包裹铁基合金非晶细丝制备方法的研究

该文介绍了利用高频感应加热熔融快淬法制备玻璃包裹合金非晶细丝的方法，叙述了选材、加热、拉丝、淬火等环节的技术关键，并用高分辨率显微镜、动态磁滞回线和穆斯堡尔谱等方法对非晶细丝进行特性表征，结果表明细丝直径17μm，玻璃壁厚5μm，细丝的磁晶各向异性场比薄带大得多。     

逆变器预置开关角误差对输出谐波的影响

针对数字控制技术的特点，分析了在选择性谐波消除法的理论计算结果与实际开关角数字控制结果出现偏差时，对逆变器输出电压谐波含量的影响。并研究了开关角数量对逆变器性能的影响，结果表明：开关角控制误差对逆变器输出谐波有一定影响，但可以在计算时修正；而开关角数量的增加有利于减小电流脉动，提高输出电压质量，但开关频率随之增加。