中间相沥青基介孔炭的表征及其用作锂离子电池负极材料的电化学性能

以中间相沥青为碳源、CaCO_3为模板,制备中间相沥青基介孔炭(MPMC)。采用XRD、SEM、TEM等手段表征所制介孔炭的结构和形貌,并将其用作锂离子电池的负极材料,测试电化学性能。结果表明,所制MPMC具有丰富的介孔结构和较大的比表面积及孔体积,随着CaCO_3质量分数的增加,MPMC的比表面积和孔体积先增加后减小,当CaCO_3的质量分数为70%时,所制MPMC的比表面积和孔体积最大;MPMC用作锂离子电池负极材料具有良好的电化学性能,能有效提高锂离子电池的可逆比容量,具有良好的循环稳定性和倍率性能。     

各向同性煤沥青制备炭/石墨纤维的研究

以各向同性煤沥青为原料,采用熔融纺丝工艺制备了直径为55μm的沥青纤维,经预氧化、炭化和石墨化处理后得到炭纤维和石墨纤维,并采用偏光显微镜、XRD和SEM等对其形貌、结构和性能进行表征。结果表明,炭/石墨纤维具有与沥青原料相似的各向同性光学结构;随热处理温度升高,炭/石墨纤维截面逐渐变粗糙,且内部石墨微晶逐步发育并长大,3 000℃下石墨化纤维微晶增大较明显,其堆积高度和平面尺寸分别约为5nm和11nm;1 600℃炭化纤维的力学性能较好,其拉伸强度和杨氏模量分别达到0.57GPa和32.19GPa,进一步提高热处理温度,纤维拉伸强度逐步降低,但是其杨氏模量逐渐增加,3 000℃石墨化纤维的拉伸强度和杨氏模量分别为0.26GPa和40.57GPa;炭/石墨纤维室温轴向电阻率随热处理温度的升高而降低,1 000℃炭化纤维室温轴向电阻率为47.78μΩ.m,3 000℃石墨化纤维室温轴向电阻率降至21.98μΩ.m。     

盐溶液环境下微生物固化技术加固钙质砂的试验研究

微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(microbial induced carbonate precipitation,MICP)技术已被广泛应用于土体加固,但在海水环境和盐化土环境下的应用较少且没有形成完整的系统.利用NaCl配置不同浓度的盐溶液,并采用尿素水解菌,在不同浓度的盐溶液环境下进行了MICP的细菌活性试验、水溶液试验和...     

Quantitative structure-activity relationships of selected phenols with non-monotonic dose-response curves

Particular non-monotonic dose-response curves of many endocrine disrupting chemicals （EDCs） suggest the existence of diverse toxicity mechanisms at different dose levels. As a result, the biological activities of EDCs cannot be simply exhibited by unique EC50/LD50 values, and the quantitative structure-activity relationship （QSAR） analysis for non-monotonic dose-response relationship becomes an unknown field in the environmental science. In this paper, nine phenols with inverted U-shaped dose-response curves in lymphocyte proliferation test of Carassius auratus were selected. The binding interactions between the phenols and several typical EDCs-related receptors were then explored in a molecular simulation study. The estrogen receptor （ER）, androgen receptor （AR）, thyroid hormone receptor （TR）, bacterial O2 sensing FixL protein （FixL）, aryl hydrocarbon receptor （AhR）, and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor （PPAR） were the target receptors in the study. Linear regression QSAR models for the low and high exposure levels of the compounds were developed separately. The results indicated that the lymphocyte proliferation in the low-dose range might involve ER-mediated process, while the proliferation inhibition in the high dose range was dominated by the acute toxicity of phenols due to receptor occupancy and cell damage.     

CSP生产线高速钢轧辊温度场有限元分析

采用有限元软件ANSYS,结合某CSP生产线F4机架工作辊表面温度的实测值,建立轧辊二维温度场模型,对轧辊在轧制过程中的温度和热凸度变化进行研究。结果表明,轧辊在咬入弧区的换热系数为5.8×104 W/(m2·K),在非咬入弧区的水冷等效换热系数为1.1×104 W/(m2·K);在此等效换热边界条件下,使轧辊热凸度达到稳定的烫辊时间约为75min。     

Structures of magnetic null points in reconnection diffusion region: Cluster observations

Magnetic reconnection is a very important and fundamental plasma process in transferring energy from magnetic field into plasma. Previous theory, numerical simulations and observations mostly concentrate on 2-dimensional （2D） model; however, magnetic reconnection is a 3-dimensional （3D） nonlinear process in nature. The properties of reconnection in 3D and its associated singular structure have not been resolved completely. Here we investigate the structures and charactedstics of null points inside the reconnection diffusion region by introducing the discretized Poincar6 index through Gauss integral and using magnetic field data with high resolution from the four satellites of Cluster mission. We estimate the velocity and trajectory of null points by calculating its position in different times, and compare and discuss the observations with different reconnection models with null points based on characteristics of electric current around null points.     

防冲抗爆恒阻大变形锚杆在锦屏二级水电站引水隧洞岩爆段施工中的应用

防冲抗爆恒阻大变形锚杆包括杆体、托盘和螺母,其恒阻装置,可以在巷道围岩发生大变形时自动拉伸,并保持恒定的工作阻力．锦屏二级引水隧洞开挖极强岩爆洞段施工时首次引入了防冲抗爆恒阻大变形锚杆,工程实际应用验证了其可行性,此对类似工程具有借鉴意义．     

多阶段项目风险权衡模型

本文通过对风险概念的进一步分析,说明了风险权衡在项目风险分析中的重要作用。并且阐述了多阶段项目风险权衡的两个基本目的,即评估各阶段风险权衡策略的综合效果,以及根据预期风险控制要求,产生各阶段的风险权衡策略。同时,通过给出一些基本假设,引出了一个多阶段项目的风险权衡模型,并且给出了几种简单实用的求解方法：搜索法和启发式法等。最后,就本文所讨论的方法进行了简单的分析。     

机动天基平台惯性/天文组合导航的研究

为了实现机动天基平台的长时间、高精度和低成本自主导航,采用了低精度惯性导航系统和天文导航系统进行组合。以扩展卡尔曼滤波算法为基础,通过建立系统状态方程和量测方程,并进行量测方程的线性化,将捷联惯导和星敏感器分别测得的姿态信息进行数据融合,估计出组合导航系统的误差状态量,从而修正捷联惯导系统的导航参数。仿真结果表明,在1000s内,平台姿态角误差稳定收敛在20?,定位误差优于纯惯导解算,证实了该方案的实用性。