基于模糊神经网络的车辆间距智能自适应控制

为了实现汽车行驶过程中与前车车距的自动控制,提出了一种基于模糊神经网络的车辆纵向间距智能自适应控制方法.利用神经网络对车辆纵向运动进行辨识,将神经网络和模糊控制结合起来,设计模糊神经网络加速度控制器,利用神经网络的学习功能修正控制器的隶属度函数的参数和控制规则.仿真表明系统响应快,控制精度高,和传统方法相比具有较强的抗干扰能力和自适应性.     

双谱分析及其在机械故障诊断中的应用

许多机械系统存在着明显的非线性特征，特别是当系统发生故障时，其非线性更加 突出。双谱分析是对非线性系统进行识别的有效方法。然而根据定义计算双谱，首先 要计算三阶相关函数．然后进行二维Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换．这需要大量的计算机机时。本 文在阐明双谱的概念的基础上，推导出利用ＦＦＴ快速算法估算双谱的公式，编制出计 算软件。最后利用双谱为析对２１００型柴油机连杆轴承出现的间隙非线性进行了分 析，正确地诊断出柴油机发生的故障。     

Crystal structure of the anti-viral APOBEC3G catalytic domain and functional implications

The APOBEC family members are involved in diverse biological functions. APOBEC3G restricts the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus and retroelements by cytidine deamination on single-stranded DNA or by RNA binding. Here we report the high-resolution crystal structure of the carboxy-terminal deaminase domain of APOBEC3G (APOBEC3G-CD2) purified from Escherichia coli. The APOBEC3G-CD2 structure has a five-stranded beta-sheet core that is common to all known deaminase structures and closely resembles the structure of another APOBEC protein, APOBEC2 (ref. 5). A comparison of APOBEC3G-CD2 with other deaminase structures shows a structural conservation of the active-site loops that are directly involved in substrate binding. In the X-ray structure, these APOBEC3G active-site loops form a continuous 'substrate groove' around the active centre. The orientation of this putative substrate groove differs markedly (by 90 degrees) from the groove predicted by the NMR structure. We have introduced mutations around the groove, and have identified residues involved in substrate specificity, single-stranded DNA binding and deaminase activity. These results provide a basis for understanding the underlying mechanisms of substrate specificity for the APOBEC family.     

气门升程的直接传感及线性补偿方法

介绍了气门升程直接传感测量的一种新方法,并提出了通过改变差动变压器型传感器的次级绕组的分布及加用补偿绕组来实现传感器在大量程时的线性输出。给出了测量原理电路和实验结果。     

The APOBEC-2 crystal structure and functional implications for the deaminase AID

APOBEC-2 (APO2) belongs to the family of apolipoprotein B messenger RNA-editing enzyme catalytic (APOBEC) polypeptides, which deaminates mRNA and single-stranded DNA. Different APOBEC members use the same deamination activity to achieve diverse human biological functions. Deamination by an APOBEC protein called activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is critical for generating high-affinity antibodies, and deamination by APOBEC-3 proteins can inhibit retrotransposons and the replication of retroviruses such as human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus. Here we report the crystal structure of APO2. APO2 forms a rod-shaped tetramer that differs markedly from the square-shaped tetramer of the free nucleotide cytidine deaminase, with which APOBEC proteins share considerable sequence homology. In APO2, two long alpha-helices of a monomer structure prevent the formation of a square-shaped tetramer and facilitate formation of the rod-shaped tetramer via head-to-head interactions of two APO2 dimers. Extensive sequence homology among APOBEC family members allows us to test APO2 structure-based predictions using AID. We show that AID deamination activity is impaired by mutations predicted to interfere with oligomerization and substrate access. The structure suggests how mutations in patients with hyper-IgM-2 syndrome inactivate AID, resulting in defective antibody maturation.     

热轧低碳钢卷取后冷却过程中三次氧化铁皮结构转变行为

采用SEM和热模拟试验机研究在卷取后连续冷却条件下、不同的卷取温度和不同冷却速度条件下低碳钢三次氧化铁皮结构转变行为。研究结果表明：在连续冷却转变过程中,FeO层的转变均遵循“C”曲线规律,400~500 ℃为FeO共析反应的“鼻温”范围,在这个温度区间内,以较小的冷速冷却到室温可以得到以共析组织Fe;3;O;4;和单质Fe为主的氧化铁皮结构,较快冷速则会抑制共析反应的发生;当冷速达到25 ℃/min时,FeO共析转变进程被抑制,氧化铁皮结构以先共析Fe;3;O;4;为主。结合连续冷却结构转变曲线,通过控制卷取温度和冷却速率,可以控制FeO的共析反应进程,从而达到精确控制氧化铁皮结构目的。     

利用HILBERT变换识别结构非线性

本文简要地阐明了用Ｈｉｌｂｅｒｔ变换识别结构非线性的基本原理，并说明了其计算 机实现方法。对实测频段外的影响，提出了实用和有效的补正方法。本文对具有间隙 非线性和库仑摩擦非线性的系统分别作了非线件识别的仿真实验，找出其规律性，并 对实际应用中的一些问题作了分析。     

分段压裂水平井的温度分布预测模型

温度预测模型是实现基于分布式温度测试(DTS)解释产出剖面的基础,但定量预测低渗气藏压裂水平井温度剖面仍是一个难题。为此,建立了一套考虑多种微热效应的低渗气藏压裂水平井耦合温度预测模型,模拟了一口低渗气藏压裂水平井的温度剖面,分析了温度剖面特征,并采用正交试验分析法评价了压裂水平井温度剖面对不同因素的敏感性。研究结果表明：①压裂水平井温度剖面呈现出不规则的“锯齿状”,任一“锯齿”都对应着一条有效人工裂缝;②各级裂缝处的井筒温降基本上与裂缝半长呈正相关关系;③从趾端到跟端,各级裂缝位置处的井筒温降与裂缝半长的比值(△T/xf) 依次递减;④压裂水平井温度剖面对各因素的敏感性依次为：裂缝半长>产量>地层渗透率>井筒半径>地层孔隙度>裂缝导流能力>水平倾角。该研究成果为实现基于DTS解释压裂水平井产出剖面提供了模型基础和理论支撑,对于压裂水平井改造效果评价和出水位置定量诊断具有重要意义。     

原位聚合法制备镉系颜料色母粒的研究

以水为介质,MMA单体在一定条件下,通过原位聚合使镉系颜料微胶囊化,制得超浓缩色母粒．研究了不同温度、不同气氛、不同引发剂及投加量对单体转化率的影响,并对反应机理进行了探讨．