Space qualification mechanical tests of HTS filters for satellite application

High performance high-temperature superconducting （HTS） filters have been designed and constructed for satellite application. The filters are actually a superconducting integration of an 8-pole band-pass filter with an adjustable band-stop filter onto a single piece of LaAIO3 substrate （with dimension of 0.5x45x20 mm3）. Typical results of the filters, i.e., Filters A （made by YBCO） ＆ B （made by TBCCO） will be reported. The measured responses of Filter A showed excellent specifications, e.g., an insertion loss less than 0.1 dB, a return loss better than -22.5 dB in pass-band, band-edge steepness greater than 12 dB/MHz and out-of-band rejection at a certain band deeper than -110 dB. To satisfy the requirement of rocket launch and space operation, three filters of the above design have undergone mechanical environmental simulation tests for space qualification. Detailed analysis of the response curves of Filter B measured before and after the tests showed that no noticeable change in the performance can be found. All the filters passed the rigorous ground simulation tests, which is the first time in China for HTS devices and provided a solid foundation for satellite applications of high-temperature superconductors in the near future.     

糖基转移酶合成相关糖苷类化合物研究进展

许多天然产物是中药中的活性成份,拥有良好的药理活性。通过糖基化反应后形成的糖苷类化合物可以提高天然产物的稳定性、水溶性和生物利用度,因而受到越来越多的关注。糖苷类化合物一般通过化学合成和植物提取的方式获得,近年来利用糖基转移酶合成糖苷类化合物成为了一个研究热点。糖基转移酶是通过天然产物合成糖苷类化合物的关键酶,作为一类庞大的基因家族酶,通常来源于植物和微生物。本文将阐述利用糖基转移酶合成糖苷类化合物的研究进展,为糖基转移酶合成糖苷类化合物工业化提供参考和方向。     

A new oofamily of dinosaur egg from the Upper Cretaceous of Tiantai Basin, Zhejiang Province, and its mechanism of eggshell formation

Here we describe new types of dinosaur eggs found from the Late Cretaceous Chichengshan Formation in the Tiantai Basin, Zhejiang Province. On the basis of such characters as small spheroid or near-spheroid, columnar layer composed of three zones, the outer zone consisted of stalagmite-like or coralliform secondary shell units, we established two new oogenera, one new and one combination oospecies: Stalicoolithus shifengensis oogen. et oosp. nov. and Coralloidoolithus shizuiwanensis oogen. et comb. nov. In addition, re-examination of the holotype of Shixingoolithus erbeni from the Upper Cretaceous Pingling Formation, Guangdong Province reveals that it was erroneously attributed to Spheroolithidae, and should be transferred to stalicoolithid. Consequently, we established a new oofamily: Stalicoolithidae oofam. nov. Stalicoolthids represents a new model of dinosaur eggshell and thus sheds new light on the formation and evolution of amniotic eggshells.     

SPECIAL TOPICS:DMP brings about new design space for virtualization technology

Professors Wang and Luo and their group in the Department of Computer Science and Technology,Peking University (PKU),have re cently introduced a new memory virtualization technique called Dynamic Memory Paravirtualization (DMP).     

一种基于抗差M估计和动力学平滑的卫星轨道综合方法

为了由多个数据分析中心定轨结果得到综合轨道,提出了一种基于抗差M估计和动力学平滑的轨道综合方法.该方法利用抗差M估计,采用降权的方法抵制了轨道异常影响,从而使综合轨道更为合理;针对综合轨道不连续问题,采用动力学信息平滑得到了连续的综合轨道.为了证明方法的正确性,用IGS轨道和激光数据作为外部检核,结果表明：综合轨道具有和IGS轨道相当的精度,并且与之具有较高一致性.     

A wound-induced small polypeptide gene family is upregulated in soybean nodules

Small peptides function as key signals in processes, such as plant cell differentiation, organ development and defenses to biotic stresses. A large number of small peptide precursor genes have been predicted from the analysis of the soybean (Glycine max) whole genome DNA sequence. However, most of these genes have unknown characteristics and functions. In this report, we systemically searched for the gene families of small peptide precursors that are up-regulated in soybean nitrogen-fixing root nodules. We found 212 genes (encoding peptides shorter than 150 amino acids) that were up-regulated, and among them, 79 genes belong to 38 multiple-gene families, but the other 133 genes are unique. Twenty-eight of 38 families are conserved in Arabidopsis, but the other 10 only exist in legumes. We also identified 16 out of the 38 members of the wound-induced polypeptide (WIP) gene family to be upregulated in nitrogen-fixing nodules. We further analyzed homologs of WIP genes in Medicago, Lotus, Arabidopsis and Oryza species and found that a few homologous genes from Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus were also upregulated in their nodules and some WIP genes were induced by specific fungal pathogens on soybean and rice. Structure prediction indicated that all WIP prepropeptides contain a conserved DUF3774 domain (including two hydrophobic regions) and most of them have an N-terminal signal sequence. Fluorescence microscopy analysis of two WIP prepropeptides fused to GFP revealed that these proteins are located on the plasma membrane of tobacco leaf cells. Interestingly, 34 soybean WIP genes are clustered onto three soybean chromosomes, different from known peptide gene families (such as CLE). Among them, 11 highly identical genes are aligned on the 6th chromosome, 12 on the 12th, and 11 on the 13th chromosomes. Most of WIP genes from the 12th chromosome share the highest identities with their homologs on the 13th chromosome, suggesting that ancestral WIP genes could have originated from the 13th chromosome, then spread onto the 12th chromosome by chromosome homologous recombination; the new WIP genes could have existed in multiple copies by gene duplication which then spread onto the 6th chromosome. In Arabidopsis and Oryza species, half of the WIP genes are also aligned on one chromosome and showed higher identity with those from the soybean 12th and 13th chromosomes, suggesting that WIP genes originated from one common ancestor.     

线型三嵌段共聚物PSI-PIB-PSI的合成与性能

采用阴离子聚合方法,自制的双锂引发剂,环己烷为溶剂,两步法合成出线型三嵌段共聚物：苯乙烯异戊二烯无规共聚物-丁二烯异戊二烯共聚物-苯乙烯异戊二烯无规共聚物（PSI-PIB-PSI）。采用¹H-NMR研究了微观结构及共聚组成,透射电镜（TEM）观察了聚合物的形态,动态粘弹性仪(DMTA)对热机械性能进行了测试。结果表明：当四氢呋喃与活性中心锂的物质的量比（R值）为60时,可实现异戊二烯-苯乙烯(I-S)的无规共聚;TEM图表明聚合物PSI-PIB-PSI为两相结构,且随着苯乙烯（St）的含量的增加,相分离现象明显;当PIB/PSI的嵌段质量比为1/2,苯乙烯的质量分数为27%～28%时,该线型三嵌段共聚物具有最佳的综合力学性能。     

Multiscale analysis of heart beat interval increment series and its clinical significance

Analysis of multiscale entropy （MSE） and multiscale standard deviation （MSD） are performed for both the heart rate interval series and the interval increment series. For the interval series, it is found that, it is impractical to discriminate the diseases of atrial fibrillation （AF） and congestive heart failure （CHF） unambiguously from the healthy. A clear discrimination from the healthy, both young and old, however, can be made in the MSE analysis of the increment series where we find that both CHF and AF sufferers have significantly low MSE values in the whole range of time scales investigated, which reveals that there are common dynamic characteristics underlying these two different diseases. In addition, we propose the sample entropy （SE） corresponding to time scale factor 4 of increment series as a diagnosis index of both AF and CHF, and the reference threshold is recommended. Further indication that this index can help discriminate sensitively the mild heart failure （cardiac function classes 1 and 2） from the healthy gives a clue to early clinic diagnosis of CHF.     

Dinosaur diversity during the transition between the middle and late parts of the Late Cretaceous in eastern Shandong Province, China: Evidence from dinosaur eggshells

The record of dinosaur eggs from the Upper Cretaceous Wangshi Group in eastem Shandong Province, China shows that the dinosaur species represented by elongatoolithids were present from the middle to the late Late Cretaceous, whereas those repre- sented by the dictyoolithids and spheroolithids became extinct in the middle Late Cretaceous and the new species represented by ovaloolithids appeared in the late Late Cretaceous. Estimated eggshell conductance of water vapor is over 4 to over 115 times higher in spheroolithids and the dictyoolithids than in elongatoolithids and ovaloolithids, indicating that eggs of the first two oofamilies required higher humidity during incubation. Based on the δ^18O record as preserved in eggshell, a change from relatively humid to relatively dry climatic conditions can be assumed to have taken place during the transition between the middle and late parts of the Late Cretaceous. It is reasonable to suggest that the change in climate was the cause of the dinosaur diversity.     

Thermodynamic functions and growth constants of web-like ZnO nanostructures

Web-like ZnO nanostructures have been successfully synthesized using the potassium nitrate route at various temperatures to simplify conventional preparation methods. The structures and morphologies of the as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The results showed that the reaction temperature was an important parameter, and that there was a feedback effect between nano-structure and growth parameters, combined with in situ micro-calorimetry, the reaction rate constants of the three systems were found to have been: 2.43×10-6, 2.70×10-8 and 3.12×10-7s-1 respectively. Furthermore, based on the relationship governing the potential differences between nanoand bulk ZnO, thermodynamic functions of nano-ZnO such as standard molar entropy (Sm,ZnO(nano)), standard molar Gibbs free energy of formation (△rGm,ZnO(nano)), and standard molar enthalpy of formation (△rHm,ZnO(nano)) have been calculated by the electrochemical method.