提高杨梅种子出苗率的研究

杨梅种子发芽出苗率代,是培育杨梅嫁接砧木材料的一大难题。本试验采用了不同采种期、不同品种以及打破种子休眠等措施进行了提高其出苗率的研究。结果表明：杨梅果实成熟时采种,采用层积或秋播,种子出苗率较高。种子层积后播种前硒裂,并用5000倍翠竹牌植物生长调节剂处理种子,可使种子出苗率提高到91．1％。     

红豆杉离体培养染色体数变异与细胞多核现象

分别对在固体培养基上静止培养和在摇瓶、１０Ｌ及１００Ｌ生物反应器内悬浮培养的红豆杉茎尖和根尖离体细胞进行染色体数目观察,发现其染色体数目主要类型和亲本株相同,为２ｎ＝２４,且存在较大比例的染色体数目变异的细胞．还发现,离体培养红豆杉细胞有丝分裂间期存在多核现象．认为染色体数目的变异可能是红豆杉离体培养细胞紫杉醇产量不稳定的主要原因．     

图像分辨率对草本植物根系形态学参数的影响

应用EPSON V7000图像扫描仪,选择不同的图像分辨率,获得了北美车前(Plantago virginica)、加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)、小飞蓬(Conyza canadensis)和春飞蓬(Erigeron philadelphicus)4种草本植物的根系图片,应用WinRhizo根系分析软件测定了不同分辨率下的每种植物的根总长、总面积、总体积这3个参数.结果表明:不同分辨率测定对根系形态参数均存在明显影响,分辨(X)和形态参数(Y)均符合:Y=A·e(B/X),拟合的相关系数均在0.92以上.分析表明:对于不同的植物,既能保证数据精度又能有较高工作效率的图像分辨率并不相同.例如北美车前和加拿大一枝黄花根系扫描时建议图像分辨率为200 dpi,而小飞蓬和春飞蓬的图像建议的分辨率为400 dpi.     

一种最大化样本可分性半监督Boosting算法

针对数据实际分布与假设不匹配时半监督学习算法难以改善分类器性能的问题,该文提出一种最大化样本可分性半监督Boosting算法,通过引入"高密度区域局部散度最小、样本空间全局散度最大"准则来学习未标注的样本。该准则使用两种半监督假设(聚类假设和流形假设),减少了因半监督假设与数据不匹配造成的准确率下降问题。实验结果表明,该文算法有效提高了Boosting算法在符合聚类假设数据集和符合流形假设数据集上的准确性,提高了分类器噪声数据的稳定性。     

Progress in the research of radical anion ligands and their complexes

Recent progress in the research of radical anion ligands and their complexes with metals were summarized in this review. Radical anions were sorted into several types including iminosemiquinonate and iminoquinonate radical, nitroxide radical, heterocycle radical etc. Structural characteristics and properties of the corresponding complexes were introduced. The complexes exhibited novel properties and possibility for applications in organic magnetic materials and transition metal catalysis.     

Retrieval of column-averaged volume mixing ratio of CO2 with ground-based high spectral resolution solar absorption

The total column-averaged volume mixing ratio of atmospheric carbon dioxide （Xco2） has been retrieved with high spectral resolution solar absorption data obtained from ground-based Fourier transform spectrometer （FTS） measurements at Xichong, a coastal site in the district of Shenzhen in southern China. Based on differential optical absorption spectroscopy （DOAS） theory, the Xco2 was retrieved by finding the best match of observed high spectral resolution solar absorption data and monochromatic radia- tion transfer model calculations. The averaged Xco2 in the whole observation period was about 394.9 ppm. The uncertainty of the retrieval was estimated to be 2.0 ppm （0.51%） by comparing retrievals at two bands. The preliminary results show that Xc% retrieved by this method can be used to validate satellite remote sensing of Xco2.     

太行山猕猴跖骨性差

以39例成年太行山猕猴跖骨为标本(27雌,12雄),测量每根跖骨7个变量,采用SPSS 20.0进行数据分析,用7个跖骨变量建立逐步判别函数.选择性差最大的变量直接进行判别分析.结果表明,大部分变量性差显著(P<0.01),侧别差异很小.逐步判别分析选择出来的最好变量是跖骨长度.雄性判别率为78.6%⁹2.9%,雌性判别率为79.3%92.9%,雌性判别率为79.3%⁹3.1%,平均判别率为79.1%93.1%,平均判别率为79.1%⁹3.0%.交互检验比回代检验判别率略微低一些.结果显示用跖骨长度变量可以很好地鉴定性别.     

Joining of Si3N4 ceramic using PdCo(Ni SiB)–V system brazingfi ller alloy and interfacial reactions

The wettability of V-active PdCo-based alloys on Si3N4ceramic was studied with the sessile drop method. And the alloy of Pd50.0–Co33.7–Ni4.0–Si2.0–B0.7–V9.6(wt%),was developed for Si3N4ceramic joining in the present investigation. The rapidly-solidified brazing foils were fabricated by the alloy Pd50.0–Co33.7–Ni4.0–Si2.0–B0.7–V9.6. The average room-temperature three-point bend strength of the Si3N4/Si3N4joints brazed at 1453 K for 10 min was 205.6 MPa,and the newly developed braze gives joint strengths of 210.9 MPa,206.6 MPa and 80.2 MPa at high temperatures of 973 K,1073 K and 1173 K respectively. The interfacial reaction products in the Si3N4/Si3N4joint brazed at 1453 K for10 min were identified to be VN and Pd2Si by XRD analysis. Based on the XEDS analysis result,the residual brazing alloy existing at the central part of the joint was verified as Co-rich phases,in which the concentration of element Pd was high up to 18.0–19.1 at%. The mechanism of the interfacial reactions was discussed. Pd should be a good choice as useful alloying element in newer high-temperature braze candidates for the joining of Si-based ceramics.     

CSP生产模式下轧制计划编制模型及算法

针对紧凑式带钢生产(CSP)模式下的轧制计划编制问题,综合考虑设备能力、订单需求和相邻板坯间厚度跳跃,提出一种两阶段问题求解框架。第一阶段以最小化轧制单元数和非计划卷使用量为目标建立整数规划模型,为保证模型的求解效率,从生产实际中提炼出"优先薄板,后补非计划材"的启发式规则进行求解。第二阶段以最小化板坯间平均厚度跳跃为目标来建模,综合考虑非计划卷厚度可变的特性,提出一种多邻域结构的变邻域搜索算法进行求解。通过某CSP生产线的轧制计划编制实例验证了该模型和算法的有效性。     

Nanoscale precipitates and comprehensive strengthening mechanism in AISI H13 steel

The effects of heat treatment on the precipitates and strengthening mechanism in AISI H13 steel were investigated. The results showed that the presence of nanoscale precipitates favorably affected grain refinement and improved the yield strength. The volume fraction of precipitates increased from 1.05% to 2.85% during tempering, whereas the average precipitate size first decreased then increased during tempering. Contributions to the yield strength arising from the various mechanisms were calculated quantificationally, and the results demonstrated that grain refinement and dislocation density most strongly influenced the yield strength. In addition, under the interaction of average size and volume fraction, precipitates’ contribution to the yield strength ranged from 247.9 to 378.5 MPa. Finally, a root-mean-square summation law of σ = σ_g + σ_s + (σ_d2 + σ_p2)1/2, where σ_g, σ_s, σ_d, and σ_p represent the contributions of fine-grain strengthening, solid-solution strengthening, dislocation strengthening, and precipitation strengthening, respectively, was confirmed as the most applicable for AISI H13 steel, which indicates a strong link between precipitates and dislocations in AISI H13 steel.