江西兰科一新记录种—线柱兰

报道了产于南昌的兰科Orchidaceae线柱兰属Zeuxine线柱兰Z.strateumatica（L.）Schltr.,该种及其所在属均为江西首次发现。     

Optimization of flue gas turbulent heat transfer with condensation in a tube

Conservation equations for sensible and latent entransy are established for flue gas turbulent heat transfer with condensation in a tube, and the entransy dissipation expression is deduced. The field synergy equation is obtained on the basis of the extremum entransy dissipation principle for flue gas turbulent heat transfer with condensation. The optimal velocity field is numerically obtained by solving the field synergy equation. The results show that the optimal velocity field contains multiple longitudinal vortices near the tube surface. These improve the synergy not only between the velocity and temperature fields but also between the velocity and vapor concentration fields. Therefore, the turbulent heat and mass transfers are significantly enhanced.     

Evolution of the East Asian monsoon and its response to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau since 1.8 Ma recorded by major elements in sediments of the South China Sea

Evolution of the East Asian monsoon and its response to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau has been investigated in the study of global change. Core sediment samples drilled in the South China Sea during ODP Leg184 are the best materials for studying long-term variability of the East Asian monsoon. R-mode factor analysis of major elements in the fine grain-sized carbonate-free sediments (<4 μm) of the upper 185 mcd splice of ODP Site 1146 drilled during Leg184 in the South China Sea shows that Ti, TFe2O3, MgO, K2O, P, CaO, and Al2O3 are representative of a terrestrial factor. The variation in the terrestrial factor score is subject to chemical erosion in the source region and thus indicates the evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon. The terrestrial factor score has three stepwise decreases at ~1.3 Ma, ~0.9 Ma, and ~0.6 Ma, indicating the phased weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon is related to wholly stepwise, quick uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau since 1.8 Ma. The periodic fluctuation of the terrestrial factor score since ~0.6 Ma indicates that the glacial-interglacial cycles have been the main force driving the evolution of the East Asian monsoon. As in the case of Chinese loess, the long-term evolution of the East Asian monsoon recorded in sediments of the South China Sea reflects a coupled effect of the glacial-interglacial cycle and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.     

基于智能体模拟的结构性疏散计划设计研究

展示了一个基于Agent模拟方法的框架方法,用于为危急中的复杂技术系统设计结构性的疏散计划.该计划利用复杂自适应系统的模拟方式,并采用基于智能体模拟的方法作为认知工具来设计整体系统的疏散方案.结构化的疏散计划应用文中提出的整体性技术框架,没有采用标准化的常规方法.提出了一个使疏散人群能够更加适应的调整危机时刻的紧急情况和减少无效疏散的建议性方案.本框架方法在一个典型的复杂自适应系统一地铁火灾中得到应用.     

矿区规划环境评价中灰色关联投影模型的应用

煤矿开采涉及多种原发性生态环境影响问题,而大型矿区的整体性开发,其影响尺度更为突出,表现也更复杂。在矿区开发规划的环境影响评价中,如何合理解决如生态脆弱性等综合性、复杂性问题,是评价科学性的关键。文章以晋城矿区总体规划生态系统脆弱性环境影响评价为样本,鉴于矿区多维的内涵特征,运用灰色关联投影模型,将样本投影值与评价标准投影值进行比较,对样本进行优劣排序,确定出样本所属的环境质量级别。     

计算机伦理学的道德方法论启示探析

信息技术领域出现了反思转向,与之相对应,在道德哲学领域出现了实践转向。无论是一般伦理学还是应用伦理学,就道德方法论而言主要有对立的两派,一派是道德一般论者,一派是道德特殊论者。道德一般论者提出的工程模式倡导理论立场,而道德特殊论者则反对这样的立场。这两种立场都是比较极端的。广泛反思平衡方法是第三种道德方法论。它既可以克服一般主义工程模式的缺陷,也可以弥补特殊主义和反理论的不足,这正是其平衡一词体现出来的内在哲学意蕴。在从事计算机伦理学的研究中,计算机伦理学家或是道德哲学家们也要贯彻广泛反思平衡这一方法论,只有这样才能使得计算机伦理学的研究获得真正的辩护。     

浙江天童常绿木本植物的叶片相对电导率及抗寒性

以浙江天童常绿阔叶林59种常见木本植物为研究对象,通过比较其叶片在低温胁迫下的相对电导率差异,揭示该地区常绿阔叶林常见常绿植物的抗寒性,旨在为营建具有较强抗雨雪冰冻灾害能力的人工林提供参考.结果显示:(1)各植物叶片对0℃低温普遍具有较好的抗性,未产生显著伤害;在-5℃低温处理下相对电导率显著增大,均造成了不同程度的伤...     

上海市区地表灰尘对降雨径流中汞砷污染的影响

以上海市区地表灰尘和降雨径流中汞砷为研究对象,探讨其环境效应.研究地表灰尘中汞砷粒径效应.结果表明:3个不同类型采样点中,汞砷高值都集中在小于125μm范围内,基本显示出粒径效应.对屋面和交通干道降雨径流中的汞砷含量进行分析,除交通干道径流的汞之外,屋面径流和交通干道径流汞砷浓度都随着降雨历时有衰减的趋势,并且地表灰尘...     

基于共形阵的角度和极化信息联合估计算法

针对复杂载体上共形阵列存在多极化接收和遮挡效应的问题,本文提出一种基于方向图矩阵重构导向矢量的改进极化多重信号分类(multiple signal classification, MUSIC)算法。首先对共形天线阵列进行建模,在获取各个阵元的方位和俯仰分量方向图数据后,将方向图数据分解并重构阵列的导向矢量矩阵,最后结合极化MUSIC算法进行波达方向(direction of arrival, DOA)和极化参数联合估计。相对于理论导向矢量的极化MUSIC算法,本文所提改进算法在解决了遮挡效应的同时具有更高的估计精度,并可有效降低运算量。仿真实验结果验证了这一结论。     

世界一流科技社团发展现状国际比较——基于实践动态的视角

以世界一流科技社团2019年9月-2020年6月的新闻数据,分析总结了世界一流科技社团的实践动态及发展规律.研究发现:(1)国内科技社团强调党建引领,制度优势体现出强大的凝聚力;(2)国外科技社团更加善于聚合公共资源,并将产生的新知识转化为可供应用的产品和服务,推进科技与经济、创新链与产业链的融合;(3)国外科技社团善...