Salicylic acid and ethylene signaling pathways are involved in production of rice trypsin proteinase inhibitors induced by the leaf folder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis （Guenee）

The roles of signaling pathways in the production of trypsin proteinase inhibitors (TrypPIs) in rice infested by the leaf folder (LF) Cnaphalocrocis medinalis were studied. Infestation by LF increased TrypPI levels in the leaves of rice plants at the tillering, booting and flowering stages but decreased TrypPI levels at the ripening stage; TrypPI levels in rice stems did not increase at any developmental stage. Infestation by LF at the tillering stage systemically increased TrypPI levels in leaves but not in stems; it also enhanced salicylic acid (SA) levels in leaves and stems, and the ethylene level released from plants. However, LF infestation did not increase JA concentrations. Exogenous application of SA or ethylene enhanced TrypPI levels in the leaves and stems of plants at the tillering stage, whereas treatment with both SA and ethylene induced lower levels of TrypPIs than treatment with SA or ethylene alone, suggesting an antagonistic effect of SA and ethylene on TrypPIs induction. The results suggest that both SA and ethylene signaling pathways are involved in the production of TrypPIs in rice induced by LF; moreover, the antagonistic effect of SA and ethylene may explain the changes in TrypPI levels seen at different plant developmental stages and in different organs.     

改革文献检索课 普及竞争情报教育

阐述了竞争情报的内涵以及高校开展竞争情报教育的现状,分析了高校竞争情报教育的不足和文献检索课教学存在的问题,提出了应改革文献检索课教学以及在文献检索课中加入普及性的竞争情报教育的观点.     

激光旋切法加工高质量微小孔工艺与理论研究

针对激光微小孔加工中微小孔几何形貌和孔壁重铸层这2个影响微小孔加工质量的关键因素,利用大功率Nd:YAG毫秒脉冲激光器,分别在304不锈钢和DZ445定向结晶镍基合金上进行孔加工实验,主要研究了激光旋切法加工微小孔的工艺特点,对旋切法所涉及的3个关键参数(旋切路径、旋切速度、旋切圈数)对孔质量的影响规律进行了深入探讨。结果显示:边缘起点的旋切路径易导致孔缘出现缺口,而圆心起点的旋切路径可以避免这种现象;旋切速度和旋切圈数对孔壁重铸层厚度影响显著,重铸层厚度随着旋切速度的降低和旋切圈数的增加而减小,其机理在于,孔壁重铸层在旋切过程中会因激光的重复照射再次发生熔化,并在气化压力与辅助气压等驱动力的共同作用下克服黏滞力发生质量迁移,进而从孔出口排出,在其他工艺条件不变的情况下,重铸层的厚度与质量迁移的持续时间成反比。     

居住区室外交往空间设计探索

邻里交往是人们日常生活的基本物质和精神需求,城市居住区室外交往空间是居住区居民生活交往的基本空间形式。通过对郑州市现有部分居住区室外交往空间现状的调查分析总结,提出改善郑州市居住区室外交往空间设计的优化措施。     

不同产地丹参脂溶性成分对H9C2心肌细胞缺氧缺糖损伤保护作用的差异

通过HPLC谱图比较不同产地丹参脂溶性成分含量的差异,采用MTT染色法测定缺氧、缺糖1、2、3 h后H9C2心肌细胞的成活率以建立缺氧缺糖模型组,以低、中、高剂量的丹参脂溶性成分加入模型组细胞,观察细胞的状态确定加药浓度。检测各组的乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）含量、总抗氧化活力（T AC）和细胞存活率（SR）,以此作为考察丹参脂溶性成分保护作用差异的指标。结果表明,缺氧缺糖组以及不同产地丹参脂溶性成分治疗各组的SR与正常对照组相比有显著性差异（P＜0.05）,不同产地丹参脂溶性成分治疗各组的SR与缺氧缺糖组相比有显著性差异（P＜0.05）。缺氧缺糖组以及不同产地丹参脂溶性成分治疗各组的LDH与正常对照组相比有显著性差异（P＜0.05）,不同产地丹参脂溶性成分各组的LDH含量与缺氧缺糖组相比有显著性差异（P＜0.05）。缺氧缺糖组以及不同产地丹参脂溶性成分各组的T AC与正常对照组相比有显著性差异（P＜0.05）,不同产地丹参脂溶性成分各组的T AC与缺氧缺糖组相比有显著性差异（P＜0.05）。丹参脂溶性成分明显减少心肌细胞缺氧缺糖损伤后LDH的溢出,提高了心肌细胞的T AC和SR,其对缺氧缺糖损伤后心肌细胞确实有修复保护作用,不同产地丹参中脂溶性成分对心肌细胞缺氧缺糖保护作用确实存在药效差别。     

局部Lipschitz模糊函数的性质及广义方向导数

借助模糊数的左端点和右端点给出局部Lipschitz模糊函数的一个等价刻画,并引进了局部Lipschitz函数广义方向导数的概念.利用两个集合的间隔和距离给出局部Lipschitz模糊函数的若干性质,并举例给出求广义方向导数的方法.     

Simulation of the continuous casting process in a mold of free-cutting steel 38MnVS based on a MiLE method

A new method called mixed Lagrangian and Eulerian (MiLE) method was used to simulate the continuous casting process in a mold of free-cutting steel 38MnVS. The simulation results are basically in agreement with experimental data in the literature, achieving the three-dimensional visualization of temperature distribution, melt flow, shell thickness, and stress distribution of blooms in a mold. It is shown that the flow velocity of steel melt becomes smaller gradually as the casting proceeds. When the flow reaches a certain depth, two types of flow patterns can be observed in the upper zone of the mold. The first flow pattern is to flow downwards, and the second one is to flow upwards to the meniscus. The corner temperature is higher, and the thickness is thinner than those in the mid-face. The effective stress in the corner area is much bigger than that in the mid-face, indicating that the corner area is the dangerous zone of cracking.     

On the measurement of slip length for liquid flow over super-hydrophobic surface

To design a surface with large slip or larger drag reduction is a pop issue in the fields of liquid transporting and body swimming. In this context, it is a crucial problem to measure the slip length for these surfaces. Here we propose a novel method by using rheometer for this objective. This method is implemented by designing the distribution of the super-hydrophobic area on the sample. Using this method, a slip length of 40 μm for 70 wt% glycerin flow over a super-hydrophobic surface with stripe structure （the period, width and height of ridges are 150 μm, 40 μm and 65 μm, respectively） is measured. The result shows that the slip length measured using this method is in good agreement with former results measured by other methods. This method is fit for measuring the slip length of super-hydrophobic surface whose structure ranges from microto nano-scale.     

城市边缘区划分方法初探

随着我国社会经济的发展以及城市化进程的加快,处于城市与农村结合部位的城市边缘区是土地利用变化最快、最显著的地区,城市边缘区的定量界定方法是学术界关注的热点之一.以景观多样性指数和土地利用类型比例为参考,以武汉市东湖高新技术开发区为研究对象,研究了该地区的土地利用情况,探讨划分城区、城市边缘区和农村的基本方法.