软件开发方法在科研管理中的应用

软件开发和科研项目有很多相似之处 ,目前软件开发实践中已经形成了很多行之有效的管理方法 ,而科研管理在这方面还比较欠缺。本文介绍了软件开发中两种最重要的方法 -项目管理和过程管理 ,并分析了这两种方法在科研管理中应用的可行性和作用     

Holocene lake deposits of Bosten Lake, southern Xinjiang, China

A 9.25-m-long sediment core from Bosten Lake,Xinjiang, provides detailed information about changes in the water budget and biological acticity over the last 8400 cal-endar years. The chronology is constructed from six AMS radiocarbon dates on the terrestrial plant remains. Based onanalyses of TOC, CO3, detrital compounds and biogenic SiO2,lake level fluctuations and periods of remarkably-negative water budget appeared at 8.4-8.2 cal ka, 7.38-7.25 cal ka,5.7-5.5 cal ka, 3.7-3.4 cal ka and 3.3-2.9 cal ka, respec-tively. As they are in-phase with low lake levels at Sumxl Co and Bangong Co in western Tibet Plateau and with paleo-lakes in Inner Mongolia, a climate-induced change to some-what drier and warmer conditions is inferred. A further drop in lake level after 1320 AD of about 200 yr duration may heattributed to a negative water balance prior to the main phase of the Little Ice Age. Deep and stable lake phases of 1500 yr and 1800 yr duration at 7.2-5.7 cal ka and 5.5-3.7cal ka coincide with maximum moisture during the Holocene Megathermai in China. The long term trend towards aridity since about 4.3 cal ka can dearly be recognised. The reduced water budget of Bosten Lake from 640-1200 AD may be attributed to local effects.     

Climatic significance of stable carbon isotope in tree rings of Abies spectabibis in southeastern Tibet

The annually cross-dated stable carbon isotope of tree-ring a-cellulose of Abies spectabibis collected from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau is used to examine its rela-tionship with climatic parameters. The residual D13C series in treerings is constructed after removing the effects of age trend and rising CO2. We found a close relationship between D13C in tree rings and the relative humidity of September—November of the previous year measured at the nearby Ny-ingchi Meteorological Station, albeit a strong 搇agged effect? Thus we developed a transfer function to reconstruct the autumn relative humidity for the Nyingchi region, which explained 37.9% of the total variance (p < 0.001). Our results suggest a high frequency and moderate amplitude variance of the relative humidity before 1800, and the variance re-versed afterwards.     

Building of hFⅨ transgenic mice by spermatogenic cells

Human FⅨ expression vector pCMVⅨ was packaged by effectene^TM reagent and injected into mice seminiferous tubules with glass pipettes.The expressional frame of pCMVⅨ was examined by PCR and Southern blotting among 41 progenies.There were 2(4%) mice being integrated with hFⅨ gene into chromosomes.4.6ng/mL of hFⅨ protein was expressed in plasma of one mouse,which was tested by ELISA.We demonstrated that building of transgenic animals by spermatogonial stem cells is an efficient method.Meanwhile,it has also been proved to be an alternative choice for mammary gland bioreactor.     

Evolution of the South China Sea and monsoon history revealed in deep-sea records

As the third summary report of ODP Leg 184 to the South China Sea (SCS), this paper discusses the evolution of the East Asian monsoon and the SCS basin. A multi-proxy approach, involving geochemistry, micropale-ontology, pollen and other analyses, was adopted for reconstructing the evolutionary history of the East Asian monsoon, which was characterized by a series of paleo-climate events especially at 8, 3.2, 2.2 and 0.4 Ma. The new record indicates similar stages in the development of the East and South Asian monsoons, with an enhanced winter monsoon over East Asia being the major difference. The rich spectrums of monsoon variability from the southern SCS also reveal other characteristic features of the low latitude ocean. Evidence for the evolution of the SCS includes the hemipelagic Oligocene sediments, implying the existence of deep water environments during the early seafloor spreading stage of the SCS basin. The four major unconformities and some remarkabl ediagenetic features in upper Oligocene deposits indicate the strongest tectonic events in the region. From a careful comparison of lithologies and sedimentation rates, we conclude that the prominent differences in sedimentary environments between the southern and northern SCS were established only by ～3 Ma.     

离子选择性电极直接电位法测定牙膏中游离氟

利用氟离子选择性电极直接电位法测定了牙膏中的游离氟．讨论了总离子强度调节缓冲剂(TISAB)的组成及用量，氟电极在测定后快速恢复到空白值，以及不同空白值对测定结果的影响．实验结果表明游离氟的浓度在0．1000-9．000mg／ml范围内线性关系良好．方法的最低检出限为0．02000μg／ml，相对标准偏差RSD≤2．5％，加标平均回收率为100．8％～104．7％，方法简便，准确．     

对混炼型聚氨酯弹性体生胶可塑度影响因素的探讨

详细论述了混炼型聚氨酯弹性体(MPU)的加工过程和特性，通过实验指出了生胶可塑度与MPU的加工过程和质量有密切的关系，影响可塑度的因素有生胶中硬链段的含量、聚酯二醇的结构和生胶的分子量。     

太原市发展屋顶绿化应注意的若干问题

屋顶绿化是我国城市建设的一个崭新亮点，它既有增加城市绿地面积、发挥生态林业的作用，又有美化城市、为居民提供活动场所的功能。简要介绍了国内外屋顶绿化的发展状况，分析了太原市发展屋顶绿化的技术难点，提出了地毯式、花槽连网架式、花园式3种屋顶绿化模式，并建议就不同模式进行试点。     

电铲铲斗齿的修复工艺

通过分析铲斗齿的磨损原因，提出了采用堆焊的方法对铲斗齿进行修复。详细介绍了铲斗齿的修复工艺，堆焊材料的选择及堆焊时应注意的事项。实践表明，此修复工艺切实可行，取得了令人满意的效果。     

中国化妆品工业的进展

从中国化妆品工业发展史、发展现状以及发展前景等方面论述了中国化妆品工业的进程。同时阐述了中国化妆品工业与世界水平的差距以及中国化妆品工业所面临的机遇和挑战，并对中国化妆品的发展进行了预测。