中华大蟾蜍胚后原始大脑皮层神经元自发电活动的发育变化

应用微电极电生理技术对中华大蟾蜍(Bufo bufo gargarizans)胚后端脑原始大脑皮层神经元的自发放电活动进行在体胞外记录,探讨其胚后端脑原始大脑皮层神经元自发电活的电生理学特性的发育变化。结果表明原始大脑皮层神经元的自发放电有5种形式。胚后发育的早期为4种放电类型,以簇状放电和连续放电为主;胚后发育的后期为5种放电类型,以簇状和连续簇状放电为主。随着原始大脑皮层的发育,单个放电的动作电位时程缩短,连续单个放电和连续簇状放电频率降低,连续放电、簇状放电和连续簇状放电的持续时间延长。随着端脑原始大脑皮层的发育,神经元的兴奋性逐步提高,神经元电活动形式逐渐呈现多样化。     

毛细管电泳-光纤光谱联用技术检测结晶紫

开发新型毛细管电泳-光纤光谱联用技术并应用于结晶紫的快速检测。以结晶紫为对象,考察了电泳和溶液条件对结晶紫的分离分析信号的影响。结果表明,检测结晶紫的最佳条件为:流动相是0.1 mol/L磷酸缓冲溶液(pH 4.0),检测波长590 nm,分离电压3 kV,进样时间60 s.在最佳条件下,吸光度与0.8~10μg/mL结晶紫呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9954,检出限为0.8μg/mL.方法成功地应用于水体中结晶紫的快速检测。     

超声-Fenton高级氧化降解淀粉废水的研究

采用超声与Fenton高级氧化技术联合处理实际高浓度玉米淀粉废水,超声波与Fenton试剂联合作用时,在超声波的作用下,极短时间(10μs)内形成空化气泡会发生空化现象.由于玉米淀粉浓度较高,在超声作用时有机物更容易发生碰撞,产生较多的自由基,使玉米淀粉废水中的有机物得到降解.最终达到较好的去除效果.通过单独超声实验得到最佳的超声时间为150 min,超声波频率为45 kHz,超声波功率为200 W,pH值为3;通过超声与超声-H2O2联合的对比实验,得出H2O2最佳投加量为40 mmol/L;通过单独加入Fenton试剂与超声-Fenton联合的对比实验,得出FeSO4最佳投加量为8 mmol/L.在最佳参数条件下,超声-Fenton法处理高浓度玉米淀粉废水,其COD去除率可达到92%.     

偏序群Ｓ上Ｓ－偏序系的内射包

幺半群$S$上的每个$S$-系都存在, 并且在同构意义下具有唯一的内射包(\cite{Berthiaume}). 偏序幺半群$S$上的$S$-偏序系是$S$-系理论的推广. 设$S$是一个偏序群. 应用$S$-系理论及序理论的方法, 讨论了$S$-偏序系范畴的内射元, 得出每个$S$-偏序系$A_S$都存在唯一的内射包, 并具体构造了$A_S$的内射包. 在此基础上, 进一步得出$A_S$的内射包既是$A$的极小内射扩张, 又是$A$的极大本质扩张.     

新型气相毛细管柱的制备及其色谱分离

将羟丙基--环糊精(HP--CD)静态涂覆在毛细管内壁得到一种新的气相毛细管柱,以正十二烷为溶质测得该色谱柱的理论塔板数为2337/m,与涂覆七-(2,6-O-二戊基-3- O-三氟乙酰基)--环糊精(DP-TFA--CD)的毛细管柱柱效相近;在这两种毛细管柱上对对5种二取代苯系化合物(如硝基甲苯、硝基氯苯、二氯苯、二甲苯和苯二酸二甲酯)的位置异构体进行分离研究。结果表明,它们对邻位/对位、间位/对位取代苯系化合物表现较好的分离能力,在HP--CD柱上,二氯苯异构体的分离因子分别为1.28和1.13,比DP-TFA--CD柱的分离效果好。     

聚苯胺纳米管材料的合成及性能应用研究

以绿色有机溶剂乙醇为反应介质,杂多酸(HPA)为掺杂剂,六水合氯化铁为引发剂和氧化剂,合成出HPA掺杂聚苯胺(HPA-PANI)纳米管材料.采用红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、元素分析和扫描电镜(SEM)等方法对纳米管HPA-PANI进行了表征.同时还对HPA-PANI纳米管材料的导电性能和气敏性能进行了研究.结果表明:该材料是纳米管形貌的HPA-PANI;具有良好的导电性能和气敏性.     

一种新型面向普适计算的软件体系架构模型

针对普适计算背景下超大型信息系统体系架构建模和描述存在的局限性,提出了一种面向"社区"的体系架构(COA)模型.COA提供了新的巨型信息系统建模与描述方法,以及超大型信息系统规划与设计的新思路.在COA模型中,Community作为对单个Agent的聚合,成为一种新的建模元素,正如构件是对象的集成和聚合一样.通过在传统的WRIGHT语言基础上进行适当语法扩充,以及在操作语义层面采用通信序列进程(CSP),形成一种面向COA的新型体系架构描述语言.最后,结合一个普适计算的具体应用场景,给出了一个基于COA的体系架构的描述实例,并阐述了COA模型在普适计算环境中的作用和意义.     

The optimal configuration of reciprocating engine based on maximum entransy loss

A class of two-heat-reservoir heat engine model with heat leakage,finite heat capacity high-temperature source and infinite heat capacity low-temperature heat sink,is researched with the finite-time thermodynamic theory and the entransy theory.The optimal configuration based on the minimum entropy generation and the maximum entransy loss under the given cycle is searched,which are compared with the optimal configuration based on the maximum output work,and all the heat transfer in the model is assumed to obey the Newton’s law.The results show that,for the infinite heat capacity high-temperature source,the optimal configuration does not change whether heat leakage exists or not;however,for the finite hightemperature reservoir,the optimal configuration is different among which based on the minimum entropy generation,the maximum entransy loss,and the maximum output work when the heat leakage exists.     

Retrieval of column-averaged volume mixing ratio of CO2 with ground-based high spectral resolution solar absorption

The total column-averaged volume mixing ratio of atmospheric carbon dioxide （Xco2） has been retrieved with high spectral resolution solar absorption data obtained from ground-based Fourier transform spectrometer （FTS） measurements at Xichong, a coastal site in the district of Shenzhen in southern China. Based on differential optical absorption spectroscopy （DOAS） theory, the Xco2 was retrieved by finding the best match of observed high spectral resolution solar absorption data and monochromatic radia- tion transfer model calculations. The averaged Xco2 in the whole observation period was about 394.9 ppm. The uncertainty of the retrieval was estimated to be 2.0 ppm （0.51%） by comparing retrievals at two bands. The preliminary results show that Xc% retrieved by this method can be used to validate satellite remote sensing of Xco2.     

Identification of proteinaceous binding media for the polychrome terracotta army of Emperor Qin Shihuang by MALDI-TOF-MS

A proteinaceous binding media for the polychrome terracotta army of Emperor Qin Shihuang has been identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS).Methods for the preparation of the model samples and the elimination of interferences have been evaluated,as well as ageing processes.A method involving the complexation of EDTA in combination with dialysis was used to eliminate any interference in the polychrome layers taken from the historical samples.The model samples were aged by being buried in loess to replicate the ageing process of the historical samples as closely as possible.The optimum conditions for the extraction and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of the extracted protein were investigated.Under the optimized conditions,the‘‘peptide mass fingerprints’’of the proteinaceous binding media from the historical and model samples were determined by MALDITOF-MS.The results revealed that animal glue was used as the binding media for the polychrome layers of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s terracotta army.It also shows that animal glue used as binding media has a long history in China.