Sequence similarity analysis of non-self CTL epitopes and mouse proteins using sequence alignment

This research analyzed amino acid sequence similarity between non-self T cell epitopes recognized by mouse antibodies and mouse proteins. Using sequence alignment,we found that only 8 of 1 108 epitopes are highly similar to mouse protein sequences. The result shows that non-self T cell epitopes are not similar or have little similarity to mouse protein sequences. Furthermore,reviewing the related literature,we also found that the eight epitopes would trigger immune responses in some particular environment,which are ignored by T cells in normal condition. The result suggests that no or low-similarity peptide vaccines can reduce the chance of collateral cross-reactions and enhance the antigen-specific immune response to vaccine.     

康德伦理学的失误及其原因——舍勒对康德伦理学的批判

舍勒把康德伦理学当作形式先天的伦理学理论代表，而舍勒建立起来的伦理学理论是质料先天的价值伦理学。两种伦理学的根本区别在于：究竞是把“合法则”和“违法则”的形式当作评判行为善恶的唯一标准，还是把价值及其秩序当作行为善恶的最终根据。实际上，道德法则本身也必须以价值及其秩序作为依据，因此舍勒伦理学是对康德伦理学的深化和补充，而后者之所以没有看到这个更为根本的伦常事实，是错误的人性预设所造成的，并且这个错误的人性预设实际上危害到了人们的道德生活。     

工程咨询公司发展战略分析与探讨

咨询业在世界经济的发展中起到越来越重要的作用,文章介绍了国际国内咨询业的一个分支——工程咨询行业的基本情况,在分析我国工程咨询行业竞争态势分析的基础上,结合外部因素分析结果,提出了战略实施方案的建议措施,对于我国工程咨询公司发展具有一定的帮助。     

高效液相色谱法测定嘎日迪-5味丸中绿原酸的含量

目的：建立测定蒙药嘎日迪-5味丸中绿原酸含量的反相高效液相色谱法．方法：用ODS C18色谱柱，流动相为乙腈-水-冰醋酸（11．5：88．5：2），检测波长318nm，流速为1ml／min．以外标法测定了嘎日迪-5味丸中绿原酸的含量．结果：绿原酸在4．5～22．5μg/ml浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系．平均回收率为98．1％，RSD=2．2％（n=5）．结论：本法简便，可靠，可作为蒙药嘎日迪-5味丸的含量测定方法．     

论党的执政方式向依法治国的转变

实现学的执政方式向依法治国的转变，既要坚持和加强党的领导，更需要全党转变观念，变革领导方式，提高执政水平。     

Mapping CD20 molecules on the lymphoma cell surface using atomic force microscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to locate CD20 molecules on the surface of lymphoma Raji cells. Rituximab (a monoclonal antibody against CD20) molecules were linked onto the AFM tip via a polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker. Raji cells were adsorbed onto glass slides coated with poly-L-lysine. First, the CD20 distribution in a local area of the cell surface was visualized using the AFM lift scan mode. Second, 16 × 16 force curves were obtained from the same cell area to construct the CD20-rituximab binding force map. Finally, free rituximab was added to block the CD20 molecules on the cell surface and the lift phase image and CD20-rituximab force map were obtained again. The experimental results indicated that when the lift height was greater than the length of the PEG linker, no recognition sites were observed in the lift phase image. However, as the lift height decreased to the length of the PEG linker, some recognition sites were observed in the lift phase image and these sites were generally consistent with the pixels in the force map. After blocking, both the recognition sites in the lift phase image and the gray pixels in the binding force map decreased markedly. These results can improve our understanding of the distribution of protein molecules on the cell surface and facilitate further investigations into cellular functions.     

《机械原理》课程实践教学改革的探讨

结合机械原理课程实践教学改革论述了以培养高素质技术应用型创新人才为目的,构建了以引导认知、基本训练、基本实验、综合实验、课程设计及创新实践的开放性"五个层次"的实践教学体系,建立以学生为中心、实现以学生自我训练为主的教学模式.从增加创新性和综合性实验、课程设计、课外科技活动等几个方面,详细介绍了改革和实践的具体措施,对提高学生的工程实践能力和创新能力,提供了有益的尝试,并对具有实践性的课程教学改革提供了借鉴.     

Universal Distributed Estimation Scheme for a Bandwidth Constrained Ad Hoc Sensor Network

This paper describes a distributed estimation scheme (DES) for a bandwidth constrained ad hoc sensor network.The DES is universal in the sense that operations on all sensors are identical and independent of noise distribution.The scheme requires each sensor to transmit just a 1-bit message per observation.Simulation results show that the scheme achieves much better mean-squares error (MSE) performance than the simplified isotropic universal DES and even outperforms the isotropic universal DES which requires more than twice the bandwidth of this scheme.     

公路工程试验在工程施工中的指导意义

公路工程试验是工程当中一项重要的检测工作,它对工程质量的控制、评定以及加快工程进度、降低工程造价都起着积极的作用.结合自己的工作实践,谈一下自己对工程试验检测工作的看法.     

一种快捷有效的构建cDNA文库的方法

构建cDNA文库是研究基因组功能基因一种有效的手段，传统的建库方法通常需要在双链cDNA两端分别加上带限制性酶切位点的接头序列，通过酶切使之产生与质粒匹配的粘性末端，然后与质粒连接构成文库。本文介绍一种简单而且不需要核酸内切酶的构建cDNA文库的方法。该方法的主要步骤包括：（1）通过反转录合成cDNA第一条链，通过置换底物的方式在cDNA3’末端合成接头序列。（2）利用cDNA两端的接头引物，通过TaqDNA合成酶PER扩增合成cDNA第二条链。（3）将PCR产生的双链cDNA直接与T-载体连接。（4）将连接物转化大肠杆菌，得到cDNA文库。利用本方法，我们成功构建红树植物红海榄的cDNA文库。PCR结果显示插入的片段分布在O．5～3．0kb之间，大部分cDNA的长度在500—1000bp之间，表明cDNA具有较好的完整性。本方法具有操作简单、高效率、低成本、RNA模板需要量少的特点，而且适用于任何高等生物RNA样品。