Climate change impacts on crop yield,crop water productivity and food security-A review

This paper provides a comprehensive review of literature related to the assessment of climate change impacts on crop productivity using climate,water and crop yield models.The existing studies present that climate change models with higher spatial resolution can be a way forward for future climate projections.Meanwhile,stochastic projections of more than one climate model are necessary for providing insights into model uncertainties as well as to develop risk management strategies.It is projected that water availability will increase in some parts of the world,which will have its own effect on water use efficiency and water allocation.Crop production can increase if irrigated areas are expanded or irrigation is intensified,but these may increase the rate of environmental degradation.Since climate change impacts on soil water balance will lead to changes of soil evaporation and plant transpiration,consequently,the crop growth period may shorten in the future impacting on water productivity.Crop yields affected by climate change are projected to be different in various areas,in some areas crop yields will increase,and for other areas it will decrease depending on the latitude of the area and irrigation application.Existing modelling results show that an increase in precipitation will increase crop yield,and what is more,crop yield is more sensitive to the precipitation than temperature.If water availability is reduced in the future,soils of high water holding capacity will be better to reduce the impact of drought while maintaining crop yield.With the temperature increasing and precipitation fluctuations,water availability and crop production are likely to decrease in the future.If the irrigated areas are expanded,the total crop production will increase;however,food and environmental quality may degrade.     

用电泳和高效液相色谱法检测水牛乳中掺入的普通牛乳

本研究的目的是建立检测水牛乳中掺入普通牛乳的方法．在德昌水牛乳中添加不同比例的普通牛乳,用电泳或高效液相色谱分析乳清蛋白组成,根据乳中β-乳球蛋白在水牛与普通牛之间的差异,可准确鉴定水牛乳中掺入的普通牛乳．聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法能检测到掺入的1％的普通牛乳;反相高效液相色谱法能在30min内检测到掺入的10％的普通牛奶．本研究为水牛乳的质量监控提供了可行的技术手段．     

人类8型疱疹病毒K1基因真核表达载体的构建

为构建人类8型疱疹病毒(Human herpesvirus 8,HHV-8)K1基因的真核表达载体,采集卡波氏肉瘤(Kaposi's sarcoma,KS)患者血清,采用柱式病毒DNA抽提试剂盒抽提血清中的病毒DNA,采用套式PCR技术检测HHV-8的特异性片断KS330233以判断是否得到了HHV-8 DNA,采用PCR技术扩增HHV8 K1基因并纯化回收,酶切、连接入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,挑取阳性克隆pcDNA3.1/HHV8-K1扩增后,提取质粒,进行双酶切和DNA测序鉴定.结果显示采集了经典型KS血清3例,提取了血清HHV-8DNA,扩增了特异性片断KS330233,测序结果正确提示我们得到了HHV8 DNA,扩增了HHV8 K1基因,构建了pcDNA3.1/HHV8-K1真核表达载体,经限制性内切酶酶切鉴定及测序分析证实了其序列的正确性.由此可知:成功构建了pcDNA3.1/HHV8-K1真核表达载体,为进一步研究该基因的功能奠定良好的实验基础.     

新型管材内壁粗糙系数的试验研究

对用新工艺生产的高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)双重壁管材的重要技术参数内壁粗糙系数进行原型试验和分析,得到内壁粗糙系数在不同流速和雷诺数时的取值范围,并分析适用条件,为工程、设计部门提供了选取技术参数内壁粗糙系数的依据.     

一个关于“第二性”的文本——女权主义视野下《葛特露和克劳狄斯》的比较阅读

约翰·厄普代克的新作《葛特露和克劳狄斯》(又名《哈姆雷特》前传)改编自莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆莱特》。但是该小说与之莎翁的戏剧截然不同,尤其是戏剧中的人物形象在小说中被完全地解构。以女性主义批评方法对小说进行解读,通过与原作(《哈姆雷特》)互文性的比较得出结论:这是一个关于"第二性"的全新文本。     

沥青路面碾压过程的离散元仿真(英文)

采用离散单元的方法,对沥青路面的碾压过程进行了数值仿真,结果是令人满意的,可为路面压实施工提供必要的理论依据.     

非线性项变号的p-Laplace算子型两点边值问题

利用Leray-Schauder度理论, 研究一类具有变号非线 性项的p-Laplace算子型微分方程两点边值问题两个非负解的存在性, 在较弱的条件下得到了方程非负解存在的充分条件.     

Sex-related gene and sex identification of Crested IbisNipponia nippon (Ciconiiformes: Threskiornithidae)

The Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) is a critical endangered species of the world. At present, a reintroduction program will be conducted to save this species essentially. However, because the Crested Ibise is a sexual alike bird, it is very difficult to identify the sex from the morphological character. In order to identify the sex easily and select the right individuals for captive breeding and reintroduction, the sex related gene on W chromosome was amplified and the sex of three Crested Ibises were also identified in the present study. The 262bp fragment was also sequenced, and we found that there were 13 different nucleotide sites with 2.25 of transition/transversion based on the comparison with that of the Oriental White Stork. The sequence will also provide a theoretic base for further designing specific primer for sex related gene in the Crested Ibis.     

生物技术的生态风险

综述了生物技术的生态风险产生的原因,论述了生态风险评估的方法及防范生物技术产生生态风险的生物安全立法．最后,本文展望了生物技术的生态风险评估的未来发展．     

机器人装配中的几何不确定性建模

在机器人装配中,几何不确定性使装配工件的真实位姿在一定的区域内变化,对几何不确定性建模就是求解物体的几何不确定性区域。将几何不确定性解耦成位置不确定性和 姿态不确定性的组合,对位置不确定性用物体上各点的不确定性球表征,而姿态不确定性用各点的不确定性球表征,并由此求得物体的几何不确定性区域。由于得到的模型较为抽象复杂,在实践应用中,需要进行必要的简化,在此仅对一些近似方法作了简要讨论。