长江上游铜锣峡河段卵砾石推移质输沙规律研究

西部山区河段具有水面比降大、河床推移质粒径粗、糙率较大等特点,因此西部山区河段的水沙特性与平原河流差异明显,采用现有的推移质输沙公式来预测山区河段的泥沙输移情况存在较大误差。针对这一现象,基于爱因斯坦均匀沙无量纲输沙公式,考虑到推移质周围床沙对其遮蔽影响,以V/Uc=1为推移质起动临界状态建立了输沙率计算公式,最后以长江上游铜锣峡河段为研究对象,根据近二十年实测的水沙数据,将新计算式与多个经典公式进行精度比较,从计算结果来看,在预测大比降卵砾石山区河流时,新建立的计算式计算精度更高,能更好的反映其输沙规律。     

Melatonin and mitochondrial function during ischemia/reperfusion injury

Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury occurs in many organs and tissues, and contributes to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Melatonin, an endogenously produced indolamine, provides a strong defense against IR injury. Mitochondrion, an organelle for ATP production and a decider for cell fate, has been validated to be a crucial target for melatonin to exert its protection against IR injury. In this review, we first clarify the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction during IR and melatonin’s protection of mitochondria under this condition. Thereafter, special focus is placed on the protective actions of melatonin against IR injury in brain, heart, liver, and others. Finally, we explore several potential future directions of research in this area. Collectively, the information compiled here will serve as a comprehensive reference for the actions of melatonin in IR injury identified to date and will hopefully aid in the design of future research and increase the potential of melatonin as a therapeutic agent.     

基于园林卓越人才培养的观赏植物组织培养课程实践改革

以园林专业卓越人才培养为目标,提出教学过程以应用与创新为导向,更新教学内容体系,探索引入项目式教学形式,调整考核方法.改革后的课程体系侧重学生实践动手能力与创新能力的培养,学生的学习主动性显著提高,在学生中反馈效果好,教学效果显著.     

Genome-wide association studies of 14 agronomic traits in rice landraces

Uncovering the genetic basis of agronomic traits in crop landraces that have adapted to various agro-climatic conditions is important to world food security. Here we have identified ～ 3.6 million SNPs by sequencing 517 rice landraces and constructed a high-density haplotype map of the rice genome using a novel data-imputation method. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 14 agronomic traits in the population of Oryza sativa indica subspecies. The loci identified through GWAS explained ～ 36% of the phenotypic variance, on average. The peak signals at six loci were tied closely to previously identified genes. This study provides a fundamental resource for rice genetics research and breeding, and demonstrates that an approach integrating second-generation genome sequencing and GWAS can be used as a powerful complementary strategy to classical biparental cross-mapping for dissecting complex traits in rice.     

数字电视条件接收系统的加扰算法芯片设计

简要介绍了DVB数字视频广播条件接收系统中通用加扰算法的原理。基于Altera公司StratixⅡ系列的FPGA,底层各模块采用硬件描述语言(Verilog HDL)进行描述,顶层采用原理图设计的方式,设计出采用DVB通用加扰算法的加扰器。利用Quar-tus Ⅱ7.2进行编译、仿真,从对编译及各模块的仿真结果分析,块加密模块与流加密模块的最高时钟频率分别达到229.89MHz与331.27MHz,达到了设计要求。最后在FPGA上测试表明:本设计可以应用于实际TS流的加扰。     

Granzyme B is recovered by natural killer cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis

When they recognize a target cell, natural killer (NK) cells mount an attack to kill the target by exerting their cytotoxicity via the exocytosis of cytotoxic granules. Although the details of this process (which includes the movement of cytotoxic granules in the immune synapse and their fusion with the plasma membrane, releasing granzymes and perforin into the synaptic cleft) are relatively better understood, the post-exocytosis regulation of the process is still largely unknown. Here we show that a clathrin-dependent endocytosis stimulated by target cell occurs in NK92 cell line, which is closely correlated with granzyme B recovery. Inhibition of the endocytosis significantly attenuates the cytotoxicity of NK92 cells. The NK cell recovery of its released effector molecules, in turn, suggests that endocytosis may well play a key role in the post exocytosis regulation of immune cells.     

剩余型直觉模糊推理的三I方法

要本文研究了由左连续三角模所生成的直觉三角模的性质,给出了与直觉三角模相伴随的剩余型直觉蕴涵算子的等价刻画,揭示了直觉模糊蕴涵算子和模糊蕴涵算子的关系．结合模糊推理的三I方法,针对剩余型直觉蕴涵算子,提出直觉模糊推理IFMP问题的三I方法和分解方法,给出两种方法的求解公式,并讨论了它们的还原性,证明了三I方法和分解方法具有良好的还原性．最后提出了IFMP问题的a-三I方法．并给出相应的算例分析．     

网格模型上的离散测地线

测地线是微分几何中的重要概念,用于描述曲面上两点之间的最短曲线,相当于平面上两点之间的直线段,它在计算机图形学、图像处理、计算几何、计算机视觉等学科中有着广泛的应用.自20世纪80年代以来,关于离散测地线已有广泛研究,众多学者提出了许多切实可行的算法.本文将在介绍光滑曲面上的测地线和离散网格上测地线概念的基础上,对网格模型上的离散最短测地线和最直测地线的定义、性质及相关算法进行归纳总结,重点讨论网格模型上离散最短测地线的相关算法,包括完整网格和有缺陷网格上最短测地线的精确算法和逼近算法,对各类算法进行深入研究,详细论述每个算法的基本思想与实现方法,从多个角度分析每个算法的优缺点,并对他们各自的时间复杂度、空间复杂度及适用范围等进行对比,最后对离散测地线的相关研究进行展望,有利于后续对测地线算法的深入研究.     

CCDC103 mutations cause primary ciliary dyskinesia by disrupting assembly of ciliary dynein arms

Cilia are essential for fertilization, respiratory clearance, cerebrospinal fluid circulation and establishing laterality. Cilia motility defects cause primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD, MIM244400), a disorder affecting 1:15,000-30,000 births. Cilia motility requires the assembly of multisubunit dynein arms that drive ciliary bending. Despite progress in understanding the genetic basis of PCD, mutations remain to be identified for several PCD-linked loci. Here we show that the zebrafish cilia paralysis mutant schmalhans (smh(tn222)) encodes the coiled-coil domain containing 103 protein (Ccdc103), a foxj1a-regulated gene product. Screening 146 unrelated PCD families identified individuals in six families with reduced outer dynein arms who carried mutations in CCDC103. Dynein arm assembly in smh mutant zebrafish was rescued by wild-type but not mutant human CCDC103. Chlamydomonas Ccdc103/Pr46b functions as a tightly bound, axoneme-associated protein. These results identify Ccdc103 as a dynein arm attachment factor that causes primary ciliary dyskinesia when mutated.