土地整理规划中的水资源需求分析与工程设计

土地整理是对项目区的田、水、路、林进行综合整治,以提高土地质量、改善农业生产条件与生态环境的活动.这些活动影响了灌溉水的可获取性及获取量、灌溉水的利用系数、地表水文结构和灌溉水质量以及区域水资源的分配.结合国家投资湖北省安陆市辛榨乡基本农田土地整理项目分析了项目区的需水量、供水量及水量平衡,讨论了灌排系统的参数设计及工程设计.结果表明,采用合理的规划方案可以改善区域农业水环境,优化区域灌排系统.     

经济-资源-环境系统自组织演化的新模型

经济-资源-环境（ERE）系统是个典型的开放复杂自组织系统,将广义信息熵的概念引入复杂ERE系统,建立其普适的结构自组织演化方程,形成了复杂系统建模新方法,可揭示复杂ERE系统中多主体作用动力学及结构自组织演化过程。以国家可持续发展实验区ERE发展模式为例,根据1994～2005年指标数据,对其发展演化过程做了具体的模拟研究,揭示了实验区规划的实施对可持续发展系统的改进和完善是一个复杂的自组织过程.     

二维小波变换在粮虫图像处理中的应用

提出了用小波变换检测储粮害虫图像边缘的方法,这种方法通过对二维小波变换图像局部极大值的检测得到图像的边缘信息.计算表明,将二维小波变换应用于储粮害虫的图像去噪和边缘检测,不仅可以保留图像的边缘特征,视觉效果好,还可以得到较清晰的粮虫特征图像,为粮虫图像特征提取打下了良好的基础.     

多个查询时选择区域更新策略的参数设定

提出了在位置相关连续查询(LDCQ)中选择区域更新策略在多个查询存在的情况下的优化参数值的理论分析结果.通过给予不同区域内固定大小的偏差限来减少移动对象的更新次数和对计算容量的占用;同时通过延迟广播来减少广播信息数量,从而优化了系统结构,减轻了系统负荷.研究结果表明,在多个查询同时存在的情况下,SAU的优化参数选择的理论分析和结果与实际仿真结果是基本符合的.     

基于三维参数化斜Haar变换彩色图像压缩编码

提出基于三维参数化斜Haar变换的静止彩色图像压缩编码方法,采用计算复杂度低、变换效果好且变换矩阵可随参数灵活变化的新型参数化斜Haar变换,并将彩色图像的R,G,B 3个分量看作一个整体同时进行变换,不仅有效地去除了各分量内像素的相关性,还去除了各分量间的相关性.理论分析和实验结果表明:参数化斜Haar变换的重建图像质量接近于准最优的DCT变换,同时,提高了压缩比.该方法计算量较小,尤其适合于编码效率更高的16×16分块方法,可推广应用于画面质量要求不太高的实时视频编码中.     

An Adaptive Multiscale Ensemble Learning Paradigm for Nonstationary and Nonlinear Energy Price Time Series Forecasting

For forecasting nonstationary and nonlinear energy prices time series, a novel adaptive multiscale ensemble learning paradigm incorporating ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and least square support vector machines (LSSVM) with kernel function prototype is developed. Firstly, the extrema symmetry expansion EEMD, which can effectively restrain the mode mixing and end effects, is used to decompose the energy price into simple modes. Secondly, by using the fine‐to‐coarse reconstruction algorithm, the high‐frequency, low‐frequency and trend components are identified. Furthermore, autoregressive integrated moving average is applicable to predicting the high‐frequency components. LSSVM is suitable for forecasting the low‐frequency and trend components. At the same time, a universal kernel function prototype is introduced for making up the drawbacks of single kernel function, which can adaptively select the optimal kernel function type and model parameters according to the specific data using the PSO algorithm. Finally, the prediction results of all the components are aggregated into the forecasting values of energy price time series. The empirical results show that, compared with the popular prediction methods, the proposed method can significantly improve the prediction accuracy of energy prices, with high accuracy both in the level and directional predictions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Heritable germline epimutation of MSH2 in a family with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer

Epimutations in the germline, such as methylation of the MLH1 gene, may contribute to hereditary cancer syndrome in human, but their transmission to offspring has never been documented. Here we report a family with inheritance, in three successive generations, of germline allele-specific and mosaic hypermethylation of the MSH2 gene, without evidence of DNA mismatch repair gene mutation. Three siblings carrying the germline methylation developed early-onset colorectal or endometrial cancers, all with microsatellite instability and MSH2 protein loss. Clonal bisulfite sequencing and pyrosequencing showed different methylation levels in different somatic tissues, with the highest level recorded in rectal mucosa and colon cancer tissue, and the lowest in blood leukocytes. This mosaic state of germline methylation with different tissue distribution could act as the first hit and provide a mechanism for genetic disease inheritance that may deviate from the mendelian pattern and be overlooked in conventional leukocyte-based genetic diagnosis strategy.     

新型自由侧翻式拍门研究

结合传统拍门的研究方法,从理论上分析和研究了一种新型拍门即自由侧翻式拍门的运动规律和撞击力。主要内容包括：拍门的结构和工作原理、无水空翻时拍门的运动规律和撞击力、停泵闭门过程中拍门的运动规律和撞击力、拍门撞击力的求解方法、拍门的流态和水力损失分析等,得出一般拍门的运动方程和撞击力近似表达式,并结合百里洲泵站更新改造工程拍门改造实例进行计算。结果表明该新型拍门克服了传统拍门的缺陷,运行时阻力小、开启角度大、水流流态好,无需配套设备,造价低廉,安装与检修方便。