Transports of K^＋, Ca^2＋ Ions in Liquid Membrane with Calixarene Derivatives as Carriers

A few derivatives of calixarenes have been synthesized and characterized by IR, ^1H NNtR, thermal and elemental analysis. The transport of potassium or calcium ion through the liquid membrane, in which the derivatives act as carriers, has been studied. The electron-effect of the substituent on the upper rim of calixarene possesses important effect on the net transport of metal ions. The p- tert-butylcalix[4]arene is the best carrier of calcium ion, compared with p-tert-calix[4]arene（n = 4, 6, 8）. The ptert-butylcalix[4]arene acid is better than p-tert-butylcalix [4]arene. The calixr43crown is the best carrier of calcium ions of all the carriers. The pH gradient between the source and receiving phase, and the concentration of K^＋ , Ca^2＋ ions in the source phase affect mainly transport. After the transport, the pH value of the source phase is found to be decreased, once the calix [n ] arene derivatives act as carrier. But it is not the case for the calix[n] crowns. It might be interpreted as the result of their different mechanisms.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Titania and Rare Earth Doped Titania Nanoparticles by Sol-gel Process

Titania sol has been prepared by the sol-gel process with Ti（OC4H9）4, as precursor. TiO2 gel was obtained through hydrolysis and condensation process. Rare earth such as La2O3, CeO2 and Gd2O3 were introduced into the nanostructure TiO2. After TiO2 and rare earth doped TiO2 powders were calcined at 400℃, 500℃, 600℃, 700℃ and 800℃ respectively, the characteristic analyses of the TiO2 samples were studied by UV-VIS, XRD and TEM etc. It was found that there are some stringer absorption peaks at 200 - 325 nm. The rare earth doping can increase the phase transition temperature convertin8 anatase phase into rutile phase, can decrease the grain size of TiO2particles and can improve the ann-UV capacity of the coating fabrics.     

关于N-正则环和N-IF环

本文首先引入N-平坦模的概念,研究了它的性质及等价命题;其次引入了N-平坦维数的概念,阐述了模M的N-平坦维数及环R的N-平坦维数的性质;最后引入N-正则环和N-IF环的概念,证明了正则环,N-正则环和IF环,N-IF环之间的关系.     

Differences between dynamics factors for interannual and decadal variations of rainfall over the Yangtze River valley during flood seasons

The prediction of rainfall in the Yangtze River valley, especially, during flood seasons is the main means for scientists in China working on and the understanding of rainfall-associated processes is a crucial component of this effort. It can be derived f…     

Thermal conductivity measurement of InGaAs/InGaAsP superlattice thin films

The thermal conductivities of InGaAs/ InGaAsP superlattices with different period lengths were measured from 100 to 320 K using 3ω method. In this temperature range, the thermal conductivities were found to decrease with an increase in temperature. For the period length-dependant thermal conductivity, the minimum value does exist at a certain period length, which demonstrates that at a short period length, superlattice thermal conductivity increases with a decrease in the period length. When the period is longer than a certain period length, the interface thermal resistance dominates in phonon transport. The experimental and theoretical results confirmed the previous predictions from the lattice dynamics analysis, i.e. with the increase in period length, the dominant mechanisms of phonon transport in superlattices will shift from wave mode to particle mode. This is crucial for the cutoff of the phonons and lays a sound foundation for the design of superlattice structures.     

文学思潮视野下的现象——“五·四”时期问题小说初探

从文学思潮的概念出发,从分析文学思潮的实践形态入手,以“五·四”时期出现的“问题小说”这一具体现象为例,分析其理论主张、整体风格及相应作家的创作实践,从而由这些表面的“群”的现象寻找以现实主义创作方法为重要组成部分的“五·四”启蒙主义文学思潮的特性。     

从《双城记》中两个人物看作者的思想局限

《双城记》通过对马奈特医生和得发奇太太的一生经历的描写,反映了贵族阶级对人民大众的残酷剥削、迫害,爆发革命的必然;更折射出作者反对暴力革命,主张用宽容、仁爱解决阶级矛盾,以求天下太平、社会稳定的小资产阶级思想局限性。     

第一语言与第二语言词汇习得顺序研究

简要叙述了当前对语言习得顺序研究的最新成果,进一步探讨了语言习得中词汇习得的顺序问题。认为在词汇习得顺序方面,第一语言的词汇习得顺序与第二语言的词汇习得顺序有所不同;在第二语言的词汇习得顺序方面,习得者习得词汇的顺序因开始习得时的年龄不同也有所不同,此项研究进一步拓展了语言习得领域的发展,有着很重要的意义。     

工作流网WRI WF-net的验证方法研究及实现

WF-net是一种工作流模型,合理性是衡量WF-net模型正确性的一个标准,不合理的工作流模型会导致运行错误.但是合理性验证问题是NP-complete问题,妨碍了WF-net的广泛应用.工作流模型WRI WF-net是WF-net的子集,能够直接保证工作流模型的合理性,这样只需确保用户建立的工作流模型符合WRI WF-net的约束,而不需要进行合理性验证.提出一个WRI WF-net的验证方法,能够在结构上验证模型是否满足WRI WF-net的约束,并且阐述了方法的实现.     

核心元素的特征及其在决策树生成中的应用

利用粗糙集约简的辨识矩阵，给出属性是核心元素的充要条件为该属性是辨识矩阵中单元素集．利用上近似与下近似给出了判断是否核心元素的两个充分条件，指出利用核心元素简化决策树比用熵函数ID3方法简化的决策树更简单．