Abnormal overpressure distribution and natural gas accumulation in foreland basins,Western China

Shizitan in Jixian County, Shanxi Province, is a site of transitional period from Paleolithic to Neolithic. The dating and the sporopollen analysis show that the middle reaches of the Yellow River where the site is located had been maintaining a steppe environment during 35.1-9.4 kaBP, in which, 35.1-17 kaBP belonged to the last glacial. With cold and dry climate, this period featured a desert steppe environment. In the late of this period, the area had a cold and half-humid steppe environment. The 17.0-11.9 kaBP belonged to the early- and mid-period of the last deglaciation. Mild and half-arid steppe alternates with mild and half-arid steppe, with a small amount of deciduous broadleaf species. During the period of 11.9-10.5 kaBP, cold and dry glacial climate appeared once more, featuring a desert steppe environment. During 10.5-9.4 kaBP, it is mild and half-arid, and later transited toward warm and half-humid. The early phase of this period featured a steppe environment and the later transited into a steppe environment with fairly more deciduous broadleaf species. Microlith, a mark of a transitional period from Paleolithic to Neolithic, was distributed mainly in 17.0-11.9 kaBP. The relatively warm, half-arid and fluctuating steppe environment in the early and medium period of the last deglaciation made a contribution to the appearance and development of Microlithic culture.     

Evidence for transmission of aphid-pathogenic fungi by migratory flight of Myzus persicae alates

The alates of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, were daily trapped from the air from late October through early January and carried to laboratory for determination of fungal infection by individually rearing them for 7 d on detached cabbage leaves in Petri dishes. Among 760 alates trapped, 266 (35%) were found carrying various fungal pathogens, 87.3% of them died due to mycosis during the first 3-day period of rearing and the rest died in the following two days. Most of the deaths of the alates were attributed to entomophthoralean fungi, taking 94.4%, and the rest were the hyphomycetous fungus Beauveria bassiana. Among the Entomophthorales-killed alates, P. neoaphidis took a proportion of 66.1%, Z. anhuiensis 22.6%, E. planchoniana 9.7%, and N. fresenii 1.6%, respectively. Two alates were found suffering from cross infection of two fungal species, i.e. P. neoaphidis with Z. anhuiensis and N. fresenii, respectively. The results represent the first report on transmission of aphid-pathogenic fungi by M. persicae alates through migratory flight.     

基于神经网络的公路边坡冲刷量模拟计算

神经网络模拟采用三层前馈网络模型，输入层有3个结点，分别代表30min降雨强度、降雨历时和降雨量，表示冲刷外因。输出层只有一个结点，代表坡面冲刷量；隐层结点数采用7个，即土压实度、坡度坡长、径流流速、径流流量、土颗粒粘聚力、植被指数和人为干扰等，为影响冲刷量的主要因素。为了验证模型，在连徐高速公路路堤边坡用SR型人工降雨设施进行冲刷试验，得到冲刷量实测资料，将通过模型计算的冲刷量值与之比较，显示了模型具有较好的模拟预测效果。     

关于局部分次Morita对偶

证明了一些gr－线性紧模的性质，刻划了gr－内射，gr－线性紧和gr－反射之间的关系。同时给出了局部分次Morrita对偶的刻划， 推广了C.Menini和A.D.Rio 的一个主要结果。     

纳米Co/Cu合金的磁性与退火热处理

系统研究了快淬Cox/Cu100-x(5≤X≤30)合金的磁性以及退火处理对磁性的影响。随退火温度的上升，Co颗粒在长大。当Co含量增加时，饱和磁化强度Ms和箸顽力Hc增大。Co含量少的样品，退火处理对磁化曲线影响大，Co含量多的样品与之相反。随退火温度TA升高，矫顽力Hc和剩余磁化强度Mr增大。在特征冻结温度（300K）下观察到一个大热滞效应。这个热滞温度远大于在ZFC曲线的峰值温度，这表明磁性颗粒的尺寸及形状有一较宽的分布。     

汞的生物毒性及其防治策略

汞是一种剧毒环境污染物。汞与生物大分子上的活性点结合,使其失去活性,导致病变。     

虚拟协同学习环境电子白板实现方法--远程教育系统开发技术之一

以现代教育理论为指导，进行了基于互联网的远程教育系统功能目标和实现技术的探索，设计开发了“交互式协同学习环境－－Webclassroom”，系统开发采用了网络新技术，根据该项目研制过程的经验，探讨了虚拟协同学习环境共享数据区域－电子白板的实现技术。     

一种扩展置标语言解析器的设计与实现

为了扩展置标语言（XML）文档中载有的数据进行解析，设计并实现了一种通用的XML解析器--XMLP，该解析器能对XML文档进行解析、验证和串行化。其中，解析功能实现了文档对象模型（DOM）解析和基于XML的简单应用编程接口（SAX）解析。为了对DOM解析进行优化，提出并实现了占用内存资源较少的延迟展开的方法；验证功能实现了对文档类型定义（DTD）和模式（Schema）的验证；串行化功能分别实现了DOM串行化和SAX串行化。     

等离子体模拟改进电磁粒子网格算法

为了消除传统电磁粒子网格算法在交错推进电场和磁场，粒子动量和位置时存在的半时间步长差，推导出一种电磁场和粒子非交错推进的改进电磁粒子网格算法，该算法通过引入一个中间过渡时刻，对麦克斯韦方程组和牛顿-洛仑兹方程的差分格式进行了变换，使算法实现了同时将所有物理量从n时刻推进到n 1时刻，该算法能得到时间上同步的参数，有利于计算结果的数据处理以及在模拟过程中对电磁场和粒子进行实时诊断，应用改进后的电磁粒子网格算法对无箔二极管实例进行了模拟，得到了与实验基本一致的结果。     

从关系数据库到扩展置标语言文档的数据映射方法研究

为了将关系数据以扩展置标语言（XML）数据的形式发布，分别提出了将关系模式映射为文件类型定义（DTD）和扩展置标语言方案（XMLSchema)的两种规则；非空表元素规则和空表元素规则，前者将关系模式中的表，记录和字段分别映射为表元素，表元素中的记录元素和记录元素中的字段子元素，后者将表映射为表元素，记录映射为表元素算法，前者借助一个链队列和两个栈分别存放解析得到的各级元素的开始，结束标记和属性，后者借助一个链队列存放解析得到的元素标记和属性，它们均可实现将关系数据写入XML文档，最后对实验结果进行了分析，得出在表数目相同，表中字段数也相同的情况下，表元素非空算法略优于空表元素算法的结论。