《现代汉语词典》中四字格异形成语分析

异形成语是意义相同而书面形式不同的两个或两个以上的成语。异形成语的意义相同是指成语整体的隐含的意义相同,它们的书面形式不同但在形式上又具有一致性。《现代汉语词典》中收录的四字格异形成语的构成情况复杂。根据其成因可分为五种类型:置换字词类、调整词序类、改变说法类、增减字词类、综合变化类。这五大类又分别可以根据不同情况分为若干小类别。     

企业中行政人员绩效考评问题的思考

利用"价值链分析法"对企业中行政人员的概念进行划分,以明确行政人员和企业其他员工的不同。对企业中行政人员的工作特点绩效考评易出现的工作分析不完善、考核标准不明确、缺乏沟通和反馈等几大问题提出了对行政人员进行科学分析、考核目标和实际工作岗位相结合。考核要公开公正等对策建议。     

U形拱棚配锚索在盘区巷道支护中的应用

通过对大同煤矿集团公司雁崖矿14#层414盘区巷道变形、破坏机理的分析和研究,根据锚索和U型钢支架对巷道的不同支护原理,充分利用锚索的高预应力和U型钢棚的可缩性的优点,"抗、让"结合,既有效控制了顶板离层,又利用u型钢棚的可缩性对围岩应力卸载,提高了巷道稳定性,在实际应用中取得成功.     

Blockage of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 improves anti-tumor immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical innate immune pathway responsible for producing active interleukin (IL)-1β, which is associated with tumor development and immunity. However, the mechanisms regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, tumorigenesis and tumor immunity are unclear. Herein, we show that the NLRP3 inflammasome was over-expressed in human HNSCC tissues and that the IL-1β concentration was increased in the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients. Additionally, elevated NLRP3 inflammasome levels were detected in tumor tissues of Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO HNSCC mice, and elevated IL-1β levels were detected in the peripheral blood serum, spleen, draining lymph nodes and tumor tissues. Blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation using MCC950 remarkably reduced IL-1β production in an HNSCC mouse model and reduced the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation increased the numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in HNSCC mice. Notably, the numbers of exhausted PD-1⁺ and Tim3⁺ T cells were significantly reduced. A human HNSCC tissue microarray showed that NLRP3 inflammasome expression was correlated with the expression of CD8 and CD4, the Treg marker Foxp3, the MDSC markers CD11b and CD33, and the TAM markers CD68 and CD163, PD-1 and Tim3. Overall, our results demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway promotes tumorigenesis in HNSCC and inactivation of this pathway delays tumor growth, accompanied by decreased immunosuppressive cell accumulation and an increased number of effector T cells. Thus, inhibition of the tumor microenvironment through the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway may provide a novel approach for HNSCC therapy.     

Forecasting the duration of short‐term deflation episodes

The paper proposes a simulation‐based approach to multistep probabilistic forecasting, applied for predicting the probability and duration of negative inflation. The essence of this approach is in counting runs simulated from a multivariate distribution representing the probabilistic forecasts, which enters the negative inflation regime. The marginal distributions of forecasts are estimated using the series of past forecast errors, and the joint distribution is obtained by a multivariate copula approach. This technique is applied for estimating the probability of negative inflation in China and its expected duration, with the marginal distributions computed by fitting weighted skew‐normal and two‐piece normal distributions to autoregressive moving average ex post forecast errors and using the multivariate Student t copula.     

Male-pattern baldness susceptibility locus at 20p11

We conducted a genome-wide association study for androgenic alopecia in 1,125 men and identified a newly associated locus at chromosome 20p11.22, confirmed in three independent cohorts (n = 1,650; OR = 1.60, P = 1.1 x 10(-14) for rs1160312). The one man in seven who harbors risk alleles at both 20p11.22 and AR (encoding the androgen receptor) has a sevenfold-increased odds of androgenic alopecia (OR = 7.12, P = 3.7 x 10(-15)).     

Genomic surveys by methylation-sensitive SNP analysis identify sequence-dependent allele-specific DNA methylation

Allele-specific DNA methylation (ASM) is a hallmark of imprinted genes, but ASM in the larger nonimprinted fraction of the genome is less well characterized. Using methylation-sensitive SNP analysis (MSNP), we surveyed the human genome at 50K and 250K resolution, identifying ASM as recurrent genotype call conversions from heterozygosity to homozygosity when genomic DNAs were predigested with the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme HpaII. Using independent assays, we confirmed ASM at 16 SNP-tagged loci distributed across various chromosomes. At 12 of these loci (75%), the ASM tracked strongly with the sequence of adjacent SNPs. Further analysis showed allele-specific mRNA expression at two loci from this methylation-based screen--the vanin and CYP2A6-CYP2A7 gene clusters--both implicated in traits of medical importance. This recurrent phenomenon of sequence-dependent ASM has practical implications for mapping and interpreting associations of noncoding SNPs and haplotypes with human phenotypes.     

序贯观察与选择问题截止阀策略的一个改进

截止阀策略是解决序贯观察与选择问题的有效方法.在多次应用的问题情境下,通过减少截止阀值来降低失败的概率,进而实现平均收益的最大化,代价是减少了观察选项的数量,增加了决策的不确定性.本研究围绕降低失败的概率进行,从降低标竿而非减少截止阀值入手,采用均值标杆改进了最大值标竿的截止阀策略.基于仿真实验的结果显示,改进后的策略具有更好的平均收益和更低的失败概率,同时,还证明了20%就是均值标竿的近似最优解.