Strategy for the mapping of interactive genes using bulked segregant analysis method and Mapmaker/Exp software

A qualitative trait is usually controlled by a single gene, but it may be sometimes controlled by two or even more genes. This phenomenon is called gene interaction. Rapidly searching for linked mo- lecular markers via bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and then constructing regional linkage map with Mapmaker/Exp has become a common approach to mapping single major genes. However, methods and computer programs developed for mapping single major genes cannot be simply applied to interactive genes because the genetic patterns of gene interac- tions are quite different from that of single-gene in- heritance. Up to now, experimental methods for quickly screening molecular markers linked to inter- active genes and statistical methods and corre- sponding computer softwares for simultaneously analyzing the linkage relationships of multiple mo- lecular markers to an interactive gene have not been available. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a strategy for mapping interactive genes using BSA and Mapmaker/Exp. We demonstrate that all interactive genes can be mapped by the 'BSA Mapmaker/Exp' strategy using F2 generation (in a few cases, F3 generation is also needed). As BSA and Mapmaker/Exp have been broadly used in gene mapping studies and are well known by many re- searchers, the strategies proposed in this paper will be useful for practical researches.     

论奥运经济对中国经济的积极影响

本文运用文献资料，比较分析法对奥运会影响下的中国经济进行分析研究，阐述了奥运经济对中国体育产业、房地产、证券、就业、旅游等方面的积极影响，以抓住奥运契机，充分发挥奥运经济带动效应，推动中国经济的发展。     

用于多指数拟合的一种混沌免疫粒子群优化

为了更好地逼近真实物理场景,对传统的多指数模型作了一些改进,将权因子设置为噪声方差平方的倒数,提出一种基于循环矩阵(CM)的算法用于估计衰减项数.为了求解上述改进模型,提出一种混沌免疫粒子群优化(CIPSO)算法.该算法将人工免疫系统中的克隆、交叉、变异和接收器修正算法嵌入粒子群算法中,并采用混沌算子实现变异,然后将惯性因子改为自适应变化.实验表明:提出的权因子设置更符合实际;用于估计项数的CM算法在估计精度与运行时间上均优于传统的ILS算法;CIPSO算法在收敛精度与运行时间上也优于传统的优化算法,如可信域法、LM法、高斯-牛顿法、差分进化算法和粒子群算法等.     

树木径向生长研究方法及进展

在全球气候变暖的背景下,树木年轮宽度与气候变化间的响应关系逐渐进入研究者的视野.大兴安岭地区位于欧亚大陆的气候敏感区和气候脆弱区,是中国纬度最高和增温最快的地区.同时地处寒温带明亮针叶林的南缘,地下存在多年冻土层.所以大兴安岭地区对气候具有独特的区域变化,在树木年轮宽度与气候变化的响应研究中以该地区作为研究区更具有研究意义.主要综述了树轮气候学的研究背景、树木径向生长的研究方法、气候变化对树木径向生长影响的研究进展,重点分析大兴安岭地区树木径向生长的研究情况.为未来树轮气候学的研究发展方向上提供依据,在气候变化对森林植被的影响和预测未来全球变化对陆地生态系统的影响等方面有重要的理论意义.     

全堆芯格林函数方法的格林函数库的建立

提出了利用微扰正向扩散计算方法的思想,建立了全堆芯格林函数方法（ＣＧＦＭ）中的格林函数库。利用格林函数库取消了内迭代,从而大大提高了中子扩散方程的求解速度。针对我国秦山核电厂的外－内和低泄漏两种布料方案进行了校核计算。结果表明,计算精度与格林函数节块方法（ＮＧＦＭ）相当,计算速度提高近９倍。     

Fuzzy Filter Design for Affine Systems with Sensor Faults: A Dynamic Event-Triggered Approach

This study addresses the issue of dynamic event-triggered-based filtering for fuzzy affine systems. To alleviate the utilization of constraint bandwidth resources and improve the efficiency of the signals exchange, a dynamic event-triggered protocol is forwarded to regulate the trigger instants with objective system states. Meanwhile, the nonhomogeneous Markov process is proposed to characterize the dynamic behaviors of sensor faults, where the time-varying transition probabilities belong to a c...     

Adaptive Asymptotic Tracking Control for Stochastic Nonlinear Systems with Unknown Backlash-Like Hysteresis

In this study, an adaptive asymptotic tracking control problem is considered for stochastic nonlinear systems with unknown backlash-like hysteresis. By utilizing backstepping technology and bound estimation approach, an adaptive asymptotic tracking control scheme is designed, where fuzzy systems are applied to approximate unknown function terms, the effect of hysteresis and stochastic disturbances is compensated appropriately. The proposed scheme ensures that the tracking error can asymptoticall...     

Parallel Optimization of the Crystal-KMC on Tianhe-2

The Kinetic Monte Carlo(KMC) is one of the commonly used methods for simulating radiation damage of materials. Our team develops a parallel KMC software named Crystal-KMC, which supports the Embedded Atom Method(EAM) potential energy and utilizes the Message Passing Interface(MPI) technology to simulate the vacancy transition of the Copper(Cu) element under neutron radiation. To make better use of the computing power of modern supercomputers, we develop the parallel efficiency optimization model for the Crystal-KMC on Tianhe-2, to achieve a larger simulation of the damage process of materials under irradiation environment. Firstly, we analyze the performance bottleneck of the Crystal-KMC software and use the MIC offload statement to implement the operation of key modules of the software on the MIC coprocessor. We use Open MP to develop parallel optimization for the Crystal-KMC, combined with existing MPI inter-process communication optimization, finally achieving hybrid parallel optimization. The experimental results show that in the single-node CPU and MIC collaborative parallel mode, the speedup of the calculation hotspot reaches 30.1, and the speedup of the overall software reaches 7.43.     

基于有序Logistic回归模型的北京高校男生有氧能力

为探索北京高校男生有氧能力的影响因素,通过随机抽样法抽取134名18~25岁北京高校男生,空腹抽静脉血测血液指标,用德国MetaMax 3B系统实时监测气体代谢,通过线性递增方案测得VO2max相对值。基于Spearman相关、有序Logistic回归等分析方法进行分析处理。结果表明：北京高校男生有序Logistic回归方程：Ln{P(Y≤1|x)/1-P(Y≤1|x)}=-2.757-0.067*X1-0.025*X2+0.066*X3+0.018*X4-0.009*X5;Ln{P(Y≤2|x)/1-P(Y≤2|x)}=-0.771-0.067*X1-0.025*X2+0.066*X3+0.018*X4-0.009*X5（X1=体重、X2=心率(heart rate, HR)、X3=每搏输出量(stroke volume, SVI)、X4=心室射血时间(ventricular ejection time, VET)、X5=血红蛋白(hemoglobin, HGB)）。回归方程模型系数综合检验步(step)、块(block)、模型(model)检验的P值均小于0.01;拟合优度检验的-2对数似然值(-2LL)为159.374,Cox&SnellR2为0.331,NagelkerkeR2为0.373;预测等级1准确率为45.5%,等级2准确率为100%,等级3准确率为100%,综合为81.8%,说明Logistic回归模型性能良好。Hosmer和Lemeshow检验预测值与观望值无显著性差异（P>0.05）。可见北京高校男生定量负荷心功能、血液指标与有氧能力的多元Logistic回归模型拟合度较好,且HR、SVI、VET、HGB是有氧运动能力的重要预测因素。     

公路路基变形破坏及其测试技术研究进展与展望

路基变形是公路病害的主要原因之一,其在公路建设、管理、运营、养护过程中带来的隐患日益凸显。目前以遥感测绘、地球物理探测、多传感器为代表性的相关技术,在路基变形测试中发挥了重要作用。为研究道路工程领域动态和行业发展趋势,梳理近年来道路工程领域理论、方法、技术及装备研究现状,阐述了公路路基变形的主要形式及影响因素,分析了路基变形测试技术类型及其优缺点,进一步讨论了对全周期智慧监测体系的认识及其发展趋势。构建路基变形监测体系是感知路基状态、路基稳定性评估和灾害预警的主要途径。随着人工智能和先进测试技术的快速进步,路基变形测试技术呈现出动态化、透明化、智慧化等新特点。加强公路测试基础理论、技术与装备的研发,形成基于立体空间的多手段路基健康监测体系是未来道路安全运维的重要发展方向。