Mining rice new germplasm containing S5n gene by functional molecular marker and sequencing

Inter-subspecific hybrids between indica and japonica varieties yield strong biological heterosis, but it is difficult to utilize the hybrids directly in commercial production due to sterility of F1. A special gene S5^n may overcome the hybrids sterility, which is caused by the interaction between S5 loci. Recently, S5^n had been cloned, and it was revealed containing a large DNA deletion sequence that made the gene nonfunctional, compared to S5^i or S5^j. We designed a pair of primers flanking the deletion sequence of Ssn, and then applied to distinguish the varieties with S5^n or non-S5^n, convincing result suggested that the primers could be served as functional molecular marker to efficiently identify the new germplasm with S5^n, Using the functional marker, we surveyed 197 varieties from China National Micro-core Rice Collection, and found ten of which represented S5^n including following varieties： Haobuka, Sanbangqishiluo, Mubanggu, Xiaohonggu, Mowanggu＇neiza, Laozaogu, Fanhaopi, Feie＇nu02, Baoxie-7B, Teqingxuanhui. Among them, two varieties Sanbangqishiluo and Laozaogu was previously reported to contain S5^n gene. Further sequence analysis on the DNA sequence covering both sides of deletion in S5^n of the 10 varieties confirmed that the detected sequences in above varieties was identical with those of varieties containing S5^n, such as 02428 and Linglun. These results suggested that the gene in S5 locus of the ten varieties was also nonfunctional and it proved the presence of S5^n gene.     

Ti3SiC2/TiC复合材料的制备及力学性能研究

弓网系统中,各种类型的受电弓滑板承担着传输电能的重要功能,其严酷的工作条件对受电弓滑板材料的性能提出了非常苛刻的要求。目前最主要的受电弓滑板有：粉末冶金滑板,纯碳滑板和浸金属碳滑板。其中碳滑板材料性能较好但价格昂贵,粉末冶金滑板材料价格便宜,但性能明显逊于前者。Ti3SiC2/TiC是一种兼具陶瓷与金属性质的新型材料,与碳滑板材料相比,其电阻率低,且具有良好的抗氧化性和自润滑减摩性,因此Ti3SiC2/TiC将可能成为一种工艺简单、成本更低、而性能则更高的新型受电弓滑板材料。本研究以Si、Ti和C为原料,利用熔渗反应烧结技术制备出Ti3SiC2/TiC复合材料,研究结果表明,制备样品的弯曲强度与硬度分别达到 423MPa~564MPa 和169~249HB。同时,本文对Ti3SiC2/TiC复合材料的断裂机理进行了研究。     

HD分子X1Σ+g, B1Σ+u和C1Πu态的势能函数

使用SAC/SAC-CI方法,利用D95++**、6-311++g**以及cc-PVTZ等基组,对HD分子的基态(X1Σ+g)、第二激发态(B1Σ+u)和第三激发态(C1Πu)的平衡结构和谐振频率进行了优化计算．通过对3个基组的计算结果的比较,得出了cc-PVTZ基组为三个基组中的最优基组的结论;使用cc-PVTZ基组,利用SAC的GSUM(Group Sum of Operators)方法对基态(X1Σ+g)、SAC-CI的GSUM方法对激发态(B1Σ+u)和(C1Πu)进行单点能扫描计算,用正规方程组拟合Murrell-Sorbie函数,得到了相应电子态的完整势能函数;从得到的势能函数计算了与基态(X1Σ+g)、第二激发态(B1Σ+u)和第三激发态(C1Πu)相对应的光谱常数(Be, αe, ωe 和ωeχe),结果与实验数据基本吻合．     

Experimental study on multi-point autoignition characteristics and influence factors of diesel spray in a controllable active thermo-atmosphere

Auto-ignition characteristics of high-pressure diesel spray in the controllable active thermo-atmos-phere (CATA) were studied with a high-speed camera video system. Multi-point autoignition phe-nomenon of diesel spray in the CATA was observed and the influence factors of the autoignition were analyzed. The stabilization mechanisms of the spray flame in different coflow temperatures were also discussed. The stabilization of the flames was controlled by different factors: autoignition phenomenon in low coflow temperature and flame spread in high coflow temperature. The test results also show that the autoignition delay depends strongly on the coflow temperature and has nonlinear relationship with the temperature. Autoignition delay decreases by almost 10 ms from 16.9 to 7.1 ms when the coflow temperature increases from 996 to 1048 K and only 4 ms from 1048 to 1101 K. The injection parameters in terms of nozzle diameter, injection pressure and pump speed, have some effects on autoignition delay while these effects depend on the coflow temperature. The significant effect lies in low coflow temperature. The injection parameters influence the autoignition delay because it can shorten the physical delay by improving the spray quality and enlarging the spray angle or penetration rate to im-prove mixture quality.     

监测北太平洋海洋环流脉搏

国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目“北太平洋盂Ⅱ热带环流变异及其对我国近海动力环境的影响”借助中国海洋大学海洋综合调查船“东方红2号”,于2008年9月中下旬进行了深海大洋科学考察,在西太平洋黑潮源地和吕宋海峡成功布设潜标,形成了较完整的潜标观测阵列,并在东海陆架处布设海床基ADCP（acoustic doppler current profiler,声学多普勒水流剖面仪）测流系统。这标志着我们首次构建了由副热带北太平洋和我国边缘海所构成的大洋一边缘海动力系统的多点同步长期观测系统,为认识这一大洋一边缘海动力系统的能量物质交换提供了关键的观测支撑,同时也是我国深海大洋动力环境调查的一次重要探索,为我国深海大洋动力环境长期观测研究提供了宝贵的经验。     

中粮生产企业对工业生物技术发展的若干恩考

工业生物技术是以微生物或酶为催化剂,结合化工生产工艺。进行大规模物质转化生产人类所需的化学品、材料、医药、能源等产品的生物技术,是解决人类目前面临的资源短缺、能源紧张及环境污染的有效手段。本文从中粮集团燃料乙醇和柠檬酸装置存在的问题入手,重点分析了工业生物技术的进步在节能降耗、节水减排、降低生产成本方面带来的潜在经济效益,明确提出了工业生产对生物技术的具体需求,并归纳出其中蕴含的基础科学问题。以期对我国工业生物技术的发展及产学研的结合有所启示。     

Theoretical study of partial oxidation of ethylene by vanadium trioxide cluster cation

Density functional theory （DFT） study of reaction between vanadium trioxide cluster cation （VO3^＋） and ethylene （C2H4） to yield VO2^＋ ＋ CH3CHO （acetaldehyde） and VO2CH2^＋ ＋ HCHO （formaldehyde） is carried out. Structures of all reactants, products, intermediates, and transition state in the reaction have been optimized and characterized. The results show unexpected barriers in the reaction due to the existence of a η^2-O2 moiety in the ground state structure of VO3^＋. The initial reaction steps combining ethylene adsorption, C=C activation and O-O cleavage are proposed as rate limiting processes. Comparison of reactions of VO3^＋ ＋ C2H4 with VO3 ＋ C2H4 and VO2^＋ ＋ C2H4 in the previous studies is made in detail. The results of this work may shed light on the understanding of C=C bond cleavage in related heterogeneous catalysis.     

聚苯胺修饰电极研究

本文研究了苯胺电化学聚合时溶液介质种类和pH的影响,表明在中性溶液中电聚合得的循环伏安图与酸性溶液申明显不同,无还原峰出现,且峰电流随扫描次数增加而下降。报道了氯离子掺杂的聚苯胺膜对一些阴离子均有电位响应,测定了一些阴离子的选择性系数。同时研究了聚苯胺-GOD和聚苯胺-二茂铁甲酸-GOD修饰膜电极的制备条件和性能。     

目标跟踪中飞机无坡度转弯操纵方法研究

飞机无坡度转弯技术在目标跟踪中具有重要地位。给出了飞机带坡度转弯时的操纵方法和转弯性能计算公式。根据带坡度转弯特点,分析了无坡度转弯的特点,提出了无坡度转弯操纵方法。最后给出了无坡度转弯时主要性能指标简化计算公式。建立了飞机无坡度转弯时飞机动力学模型,给出了无坡度转弯时初步控制算法。基于某飞机气动模型,对无坡度转弯操纵方式及性能进行了仿真验证,给出了提高转弯性能的建议方法。