载体SiO2表面修饰对钒基催化剂丙烷氧化脱氢催化性能的影响

用ＸＲＤ,Ｒａｍａｎ,ＦＴ－ＩＲ,＾５１Ｖ－ＮＭＲ,Ｐｙ－ＩＲ和ＴＰＲ－ＴＰＯ表征ＳｉＯ２或ＳｉＯ２上预负载ＭｇＯ后负载的钒氧化物催化剂体系。ＳｉＯ２上直接负载钒氧化物,在钒负载量约为５ｗｔ％Ｖ２Ｏ５时出现Ｖ２Ｏ５晶相,而预负载ＭｇＯ在相同钒含量时则没有出现Ｖ２Ｏ５晶相,表面预负载ＭｇＯ促进了钒氧化物在载体表面的分散。     

虚拟专用网络的一般体系结构模型

互联网络的安全问题限制了许多应用的发展．虚拟专用网络技术则可在公用网络环境中向用户提供类似专用网络的信息传输框架．鉴于目前各种虚拟专用网络产品功能的局限性,尤其是在安全特性和互操作性方面的问题,本文在综合了一些主要厂家产品模型的基础上提出了一个通用的虚拟专用网络的体系结构模型．该模型可作为该项技术今后进一步发展和应用的理论指导,有助于技术的规范化     

面向对象Flow-shop调度问题的遗传算法求解

以面向对象的程度设计方法,实现了用遗传算法求解ＦｌｏｗＳｈｏｐ调度问题（ＦＳＳＰ）文中讨论了ＦＳＳＰ的不同存贮方式（ＵＩＳ、ＦＩＳ和ＮＩＳ）,时限问题以及不同的交叉算子对算法的作用     

渤海L油田早期注聚效果评价方法研究

目前对于早期注聚效果的评价没有成熟的方法,增油降水的效果基本依靠动态分析方法评价,由于早期注聚与晚期注聚的很大不同,造成动态分析方法在评价早期注聚效果方面存在很大的局限性。本文引入一种早期注聚效果评价的新方法,运用数值模拟技术对渤海L早期注聚效果进行全面的评价,建立高精度历史拟合的数值模型,并建立假想的水驱模型,使之与实际模型对比,结果表明,通过数值模拟法计算的增油量与动态分析法相比更加精确,原因是数值模拟法排除了各种措施带来的干扰,且考虑了油田的递减规律。另外建立了不同含水时机注聚的模型,通过分析认为,目前渤海L油田实行的早期注聚在各方面相较其他含水时机注聚具有很大优势。     

通风巷道围岩与空气换热的数值模拟

为有效利用巷道内排除的热空气,以大隆矿区矿井通风巷道为例,采用分离求解方法,对巷道围岩一空气换热系统进行三维数值模拟,分析巷道空气出口平均温度71P、巷道围岩与巷道内空气的平均总传热系数K、巷道空气平均出口热流密度q、风速口的变化规律。结果表明：v在0．2～1．0m／s时,耳较大;v越小,砟越接近于围岩初始温度。v在5．0～7．0m／s内,对K影响不大;当v〈5．0m／s时,K呈线性规律降低。v在0．2～5．0m／s时,q呈二次曲线渐变过程。丁随着”的减小、巷道长度的增加而增加。该结果为进一步研究围岩与空气的换热问题奠定了基础。     

Identification of petroleum aromatic fraction by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) is com-mercially available in the 1990s, with the characteristics of large peak capacity, high resolution, high sensitivity, etc. However, its application to the petroleum and geological analyses is just emerging in China and overseas. In this research, the analytical method for petroleum aromatic fraction using GC×GC-TOFMS is set up, via the choice of the column system and optimization of setting parameters, such as temperature programming, modulation time, hot pulse time, flow rate of carrier gas, data acquisition rate and data processing. The results indicate that different polar compounds of aromatic fraction distribute as bands on structured GC×GC chromatogram. Within each band, homologous compounds appear as a roof-tile structure based on the number of substituent residues. The aromatic compounds are identified and characterized according to the GC×GC chromatogram and mass spectra. According to the polarity and the number of rings, aromatic compounds are spatially present on one chromatogram, which directly reflects the distribution characteristics of complex compounds of aromatic hydrocarbons. In addition, quantitative analysis is favored as some overlapped peaks on traditional GC-MS chromatogram have been separated completely on GC×GC. Some heterocyclic atom aromatic compounds at trace level can be clearly identified using this method, for polarity differences from other interfered aromatic compounds. The development of this method and chromatogram recognition offer petroleum geologists a practical example for the application performance of GC×GC-TOFMS.     

A time-saving method to assess the efficiency of corrosion inhibitors by electro osmosis

The corrosion inhibitor is one of the most important technologies to enhance the durability of steel-reinforced concrete. A kind of time-saving method was developed to assess the inhibitor efficiency by using a 32 V electric field to accelerate chloride ion migration in concrete. Potentiodynamic polarization scanning test was used to evaluate the corrosion states. The comprehensive efficiency of an inhibitor should be assessed in two aspects: resistance to chloride ion permeability and inhibiting efficiency. The specimens with different mixing amount of sodium nitrite and migration corrosion inhibitors were used to verify the accuracy and reliability of this method. The results show the differences in inhibiting efficiency of the inhibitors clearly, indicating the reliability of this time-saving method.     

葡萄糖为碳源的EBPR长期运行效果及聚磷菌的富集培养

研究了连续运行364 d以葡萄糖为碳源的强化生物除磷(EBPR)系统,比较了3个不同运行阶段典型周期的运行状况,考察了厌氧段聚磷菌(PAOs)对有机底物的贮存转化,运用FISH技术分析了系统菌群结构变化.结果表明:随着运行时间的增加PAOs富集程度增高,第180天后反应器最高厌氧释磷量达到80 mg/L,出水磷浓度小于1 mg/L,以葡萄糖为碳源的EBPR系统可以长期高效稳定运行;与第1和第2阶段相比,第3阶段典型周期效果最佳,其厌氧释磷量达到79 mg/L,PO34--P去除率达到97.2%;葡萄糖先被发酵细菌分解为挥发性脂肪酸(VFA),PAOs吸收VFA合成聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA);荧光原位杂交技术分析发现,PAOs比例不断升高,第340天时比例为45.5%,说明以葡萄糖为碳源的EBPR系统可以富集高浓度的PAOs.     

基于ArcObjects的分村林相图批量编制技术

旨在探索一种高效的森林资源二类调查成果图编制技术,满足林业工作者在生产中使用分村林相图的迫切需要.按林相图编制要求,采用ArcObjects组件库二次开发方法,提出县域内村界面自动筛选组合设计算法,确定A2幅面布局合理的组合村方案.在ArcGIS环境下,将人工编制过程中繁琐的重复机械操作程序化,实现分村林相图批量编制的自动化.     

Distribution of ghrelin-like immunoreactive cells in amphioxus, Branchiostoma belcheri – A study of immunohistochemistry

The distribution of ghrelin-like immunoreactive cells in amphioxus （Branchiostoma belcheri） was investigated by using immunohistochemical staining with rabbit antiserum against synthetical mammalian ghrelin. The results showed that ghrelin-like immunoreactive cells were distributed widely in the nervous system, Hatschek＇s pit, wheel organ, digestive tract and gonads （ovary and testis）. In nervous system, ghrelin-like immunoreactive neurons and their protrusions were distributed specifically on the dorsal side, ventral side and funnel part of brain vesicle, with a few dispersive immunoreactive nerve cells and their fibers in nerve tube. Ghrelin-like immunoreactivities were also detected in Hatschek＇s pit epithelial cells and wheel organ cells, with positive substance located along cell membrane. In digestive tract, ghrelin-like immunoreactive cells existed in hepatic diverticulum, anterior and posterior region of midgut, and could be classified into two types, closed- and opened-type endocrine cells. The number of positive cells was most in hepatic diverticulum, secondary in posterior region of midgut and least in anterior region of midgut. In gonads, ghrelin-like immunoreactive substance was detected in oogonia, oocytes and follicle cells in ovary at the small and large growth stages and in early spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells in testis. The extensive distribution of ghrelin-like cells in amphioxus suggested that these kinds of cells are conservative in evolution and diversified in function. At the same time, we found for the first time that ghrelin-like immunoreactive cells existed in brain vesicle and Hatschek＇s pit, which provided new morphological evidence for the existence of an activation pathway between brain vesicle and Hatschek＇s pit for the regulation of growth hormone excretion.