我国今后工程师分类框架设计

英国模式和美国模式是国际上两种典型的注册工程师制度模式,世界上一些经济发达国家已经建立了以注册工程师制度为基础的工程师资格互认协议,这些国际工程师协议以受教育程度、工作经验、资格考试、继续教育一致性为基础。国家人事部在不同的阶段实行过多种工程师管理制度,为适应我国经济发展做了有益的尝试,在试行执业资格注册制度方面也已经进行了多年富有成效的探索,积累了较丰富的经验。文章认为我国新的工程师专业分类的原则主要是：既符合我国国情又能与国际接轨。我国工程师专业分类应在与国际工程师互认的基础性原则相一致的前提下,充分考虑我国现有工程师专业分类情况,尽可能与国际工程师专业分类融合,根据其是否直接涉及社会公众利益和公民生命财产安全,我国新的工程师专业可分为注册和非注册两大类。在借鉴英美国家工程师专业分类的同时,结合我国国情,通过尽可能不重复、不遗漏的综合我国现有一系列职业分类与学科分类代码表,我国工程技术人员按专业可以分成35类,有个别大类可以在大类的基础上再分若干亚类,并提出根据工程师分类构筑工程管理师认证体系的建议。     

过抽样混沌序列的语音通信加密应用

通过对混沌系统特性的研究,设计出一种安全性高、加密速度快的通信加密方案.首先根据数字混沌序列的特性对混沌的迭代过程进行改进,实现对Chebyshev混沌序列的过抽样处理.设计语音信号传输系统,在发送端实现混沌序列对语音信号的加密,调制后进入高斯白噪声信道,在接收端接收到密文后对加密语音信号进行解调和解密,得到解密后的语音信号.实验证明,过抽样技术应用在混沌扩频通信中,可以极大地提高无线通信的保密性.     

高含硫湿气集输系统增压临界条件模拟

建立了高含硫湿气田增压集输模式的数值模型.采用热-力耦合计算方法,模拟分析了总站压力对段塞流风险、管段流速和管输能力的影响.研究结果表明:增压集输模式模型的可靠性误差均维持在9％以内;当气井配产不变时,总站压力越低,管道持液率越小.在后期开采中,管网运行压力的降低有利于避免段塞流的形成;当总站压力为5.0 MPa时,1...     

Genome-wide association studies of 14 agronomic traits in rice landraces

Uncovering the genetic basis of agronomic traits in crop landraces that have adapted to various agro-climatic conditions is important to world food security. Here we have identified ～ 3.6 million SNPs by sequencing 517 rice landraces and constructed a high-density haplotype map of the rice genome using a novel data-imputation method. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 14 agronomic traits in the population of Oryza sativa indica subspecies. The loci identified through GWAS explained ～ 36% of the phenotypic variance, on average. The peak signals at six loci were tied closely to previously identified genes. This study provides a fundamental resource for rice genetics research and breeding, and demonstrates that an approach integrating second-generation genome sequencing and GWAS can be used as a powerful complementary strategy to classical biparental cross-mapping for dissecting complex traits in rice.     

Genome-wide association study of flowering time and grain yield traits in a worldwide collection of rice germplasm

A high-density haplotype map recently enabled a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a population of indica subspecies of Chinese rice landraces. Here we extend this methodology to a larger and more diverse sample of 950 worldwide rice varieties, including the Oryza sativa indica and Oryza sativa japonica subspecies, to perform an additional GWAS. We identified a total of 32 new loci associated with flowering time and with ten grain-related traits, indicating that the larger sample increased the power to detect trait-associated variants using GWAS. To characterize various alleles and complex genetic variation, we developed an analytical framework for haplotype-based de novo assembly of the low-coverage sequencing data in rice. We identified candidate genes for 18 associated loci through detailed annotation. This study shows that the integrated approach of sequence-based GWAS and functional genome annotation has the potential to match complex traits to their causal polymorphisms in rice.     

高效的部分异步并行仿真的研究及应用

提出了连续系统的部分异步并行仿真算法及其在多计算机系统上的实现方法。为保证仿真结果的正确和提高仿真速率 ,所提出的连续系统的高效的部分异步并行仿真方案和适应消息传递的星型虚拟拓扑结构方案可有效地解决连续系统仿真的“算法 -结构匹配问题”。多计算机系统上连续系统仿真的特点之一是处理器间的通信非常频繁且消息很短 (一般为数个或数十个浮点数 ) ,因而在实现部分异步并行仿真时采用了异步传输方式来减少通信开销在仿真计算中的比例。实验结果表明 ,所提出的部分异步并行仿真比其对应的同步仿真具有更高的并行计算效率。     

Optimal investment with multiple risky assets under short-selling prohibition in a periodic environment

In this paper,the surplus process is assumed to be a periodic risk model and the insurer is allowed to invest in multiple risky assets described by the Black-Scholes market model.Under short-selling prohibition,the authors consider the optimal investment from an insurer’s point of view by maximizing the adjustment coefficient and the expected exponential utility of wealth at one period, respectively.It is shown that the optimal strategies of both of optimization problems are to invest a fixed amount of money in each risky asset.     

一种压缩图像加密方法

在总结图像的加密方法和过程基础上，引入Lorenz混沌映射生成混沌序列，并通过混沌序列产生加密向量，然后用加密向量在图像的空间域和DCT域对图像进行复合加密，并对加密效果进行全面的评估，也初步建立了图像加密效果的评价体系，提出了四维测定的概念．分析和实验结果表明，这种压缩图像的加密方法具有较快的运算速度、较高的加密强度和相应的压缩性能，而且评价体系也是有效的参考．     

二次型在超曲面上条件极值的矩阵解法

利用矩阵理论得到了二次型在一般的二次超曲面上取得条件极值的充分条件，并结合实例用Matlab编程实现了求解过程．     

浅埋暗挖工法比选数值模拟分析

地铁开挖对邻近管线的影响已成为地铁工程中的重点问题.文章结合西安地铁二号线,模拟了CD、CRD法开挖对既有给水管影响变形的全过程,通过计算分析比较得出了较为合理的开挖和支护方法,供类似工程参考.