New understanding achieved from 2 years of Chinese ionospheric investigations

Science Bulletin - In the mainland of China, the number of ionospheric research groups is more than 10. Around 110 articles related to ionospheric physics have been published during...     

一种基于综合信息的剪接位点识别方法

为提高剪接位点识别的精度,提出一种基于综合信息的剪接位点识别方法.通过分析供体位点与受体位点的剪接信号、剪接序列、位点附近序列的二级结构,以及剪接因子作用过程等特征,分别为供体位点与受体位点建立信号模型和序列模型;应用Vienna软件中的Mfold包预测每个剪接位点附近序列最稳定的二级结构,将传统的四字符核酸表转化为八字符核酸表,每个序列用八字符进行描述,用结合了结构信息的序列对信号模型和序列模型进行训练学习;最后用训练好的模型进行剪接位点的识别.实验结果证明:该方法对剪接位点的识别取得了很好的效果,其识别精度可达95%以上.     

填埋场导排层最大渗滤液深度影响参数显著性分析

为确定填埋场导排层最大渗滤液深度及各影响因素的显著性,首先基于扩展Dupuit假定推导了导排层渗滤液深度解析解,分析了不同渗滤液入渗强度情况下导排层渗滤液深度分布规律;其次将导排层渗滤液入渗强度、渗透系数、水平排水距离、坡度以及排水盲沟处水头5个主要参数采用正交试验分析法水平组合,通过方差分析对比了各参数对最大渗滤液深度的影响程度.研究结果表明：（1）推求的渗滤液深度解析解考虑了排水盲沟的实际水力状态,准确描述了渗滤液深度沿程分布特征;（2）渗滤液入渗强度和水平排水距离对导排层最大渗滤液深度具有显著性影响.研究成果可为填埋场导排层设计参数优化和预防渗滤液水位过高导致的填埋场失稳破坏提供技术支持.     

混合溶剂热条件下DL-Trp晶体生成过程的研究

 以L-Trp和碳酸钕为原料,通过混合溶剂热法制得DL-Trp晶体,并进行红外光谱、单晶X-衍射等表征。该化合物属单斜晶系P2(1)/c空间群,具有中心对称结构。a=1.890 8(2) nm, b=0.572 67(11) nm,c=0.930 32(15) nm,Z=4。此晶体通过′C-O-H-N′氢键缔合作用形成三维空间构型。对构型转变原因进行了分析。通过测定溶液体系旋光度-时间曲线可知,L色氨酸构型变化是一个渐变过程,降温至90 ℃左右是色氨酸发生构型转变最显著的温度范围。     

改善管式反应器内微观混合的途径

提出改善管式反应器内微观混合的基本途径是:减小流体初始微团尺寸和增加局部能量耗散速率。流速、管径、加料位置、体积比,特别是物性,通过影响这两个参数而影响微观混合性能。实验用化学偶合法考察了空管、Kenics静态混合器、湍流促进器、多孔分布板、肋条人工粗糙管及几种喷射器内的混合特性。结果表明,内插件和喷射器均能显著地改善管内微观混合状态。其中以Kenics静态混合器、多孔分布板和带有节流口的喷射器效果最佳。     

磁场对猕猴眼影响的实验研究

本文观察并测定了磁场（强度为０．４Ｔ）对太行山猕猴（Ｍａｃａｃａｍｕｌａｔｔａ）眼形态学及眼内某些生化组分的影响．结果表明，磁场作用组与对照组相比无显著差异，可以认为这一强度的磁场不会对猕猴眼产生不良影响．     

激振力对高频气力分选机分选金属影响

为研究激振力对分选废旧电路板中金属分布规律和金属回收率的影响,采用自制高频气力分选机分选0.75~0.125 mm废旧电路板粉末,通过ICP-AES测定分选产品.结果表明:当激振力在操作范围内变化时,铜的分布规律明显,最高富集比为7;密度比铜密度大和与铜密度相近的金属如铅、锌等富集效果明显,分布规律与铜的分布规律相似;密度比铜密度小很多的金属如铝、镁等富集效果不明显,错配率较高.高密度金属(铅、锌、锡)的回收率都比较高,最高回收率都在88%以上;但低密度金属(铝、镁)的回收率很低,最高仅为31.72%和32.37%,所以若要分离富集该类金属,须对分选后的物料进行二次分选.     

Supramolecular self-assembly of nickel (Ⅱ)-substituted α-Keggin-type polyoxometalate and polyaniline coated Fe2O3 hollow nanospindle for microwave absorption application

A general strategy has been developed here to supramolecular self-assembly of nickel (Ⅱ)-substituted α-Keggin-type polyoxometalate and polyaniline coated Fe₂O₃ hollow nanospindle (Fe₂O₃ hollow nanospindle@PANI/α-SiW₁₁Ni composites) via electrostatic attraction and hydrothermal method. Fe³⁺ was first hydrolyzed and polymerized into Fe₂O₃, then dissolved into [Fe(H₂PO₄)_x]^3?x, resulting in hollow structure. The polyoxometalate existed in polyaniline as a proton-doped counter-ion form, rather than as a separate crystalline state. The protons and anions entered the PANI main chain and combined with N atoms of amines and imines on the PANI chain ((-NH^?+ ?= ?)/α-[SiW₁₁Ni(H₂O)O₃₉]^6-) to form poles and bipolar delocalization into π bonds of the whole polyaniline molecular chain, which leaded to conductance and polarization. The Fe₂O₃ hollow nanospindle@PANI/α-SiW₁₁Ni composites were proven to be excellent microwave absorber in terms of reflection loss (R_L) and bandwidth. The maximum R_L value was up to ?53.6 ?dB at 3.5 ?mm and 6.9 ?GHz. The broadest absorption bandwidth exceeding ?10 dB was 6.3 ?GHz at a thickness of only 1.9 ?mm. Moreover, the ternary composites presented obvious multi-band absorption with the matching thickness range of 1.5–5 ?mm. The absorption peaks bandwidth reached as wide as 14.3 ?GHz, which included all C-Ku bands. The hollow and core-shell structures could provide non-uniform interface for the induced polarization loss and space for the reflecting and scattering of microwave. The carrier, pair-ion carrier and hydrogen bond network could lead to conduction loss. The magnetic losses were caused by eddy current effect and natural resonance. This work can lay a theoretical foundation for the design and performance regulation of new absorbing materials.     

ATRP法合成梳形结构的HPEG/PMA和HPEG/PAA

采用原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)法聚合甲基烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚(HPEG)和丙烯酸甲酯(PMA), 生成低分子量梳形结构的低聚物HPEG/PMA. 经Fourier红外光谱
(FT-IR)和核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)对其结构特征基团进行分析, 确认合成了目标产物. 对HPEG/PMA进行凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)测试, 结果表明, ATRP法制备的梳形HPEG/PMA分子量为7.7×10³, 分布系数为1.11, 具有优异的可控性. 梳形HPEG/PMA经V(乙醇)∶V(水)=1的NaOH溶液水解, 得到梳形结构甲基烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚和丙烯酸(HPEG/PAA)低聚物.