Origins of sulphate in Antarctic dry-valley soils as deduced from anomalous 17O compositions

The dry valleys of Antarctica are some of the oldest terrestrial surfaces on the Earth. Despite much study of soil weathering and development, ecosystem dynamics and the occurrence of life in these extreme environments, the reasons behind the exceptionally high salt content of the dry-valley soils have remained uncertain. In particular, the origins of sulphate are still controversial; proposed sources include wind-blown sea salt, chemical weatherings, marine incursion, hydrothermal processes and oxidation of biogenic sulphur in the atmosphere. Here we report measurements of delta18O and delta17O values of sulphates from a range of dry-valley soils. These sulphates all have a large positive anomaly of 17O, of up to 3.4/1000. This suggests that Antarctic sulphate comes not just from sea salt (which has no anomaly of 17O) but also from the atmospheric oxidation of reduced gaseous sulphur compounds, the only known process that can generate the observed 17O anomaly. This source is more prominent in high inland soils, suggesting that the distributions of sulphate are largely explained by differences in particle size and transport mode which exist between sea-salt aerosols and aerosols formed from biogenic sulphur emission.     

基于刚体-弹簧元法的全级配混凝土本构特性模拟

在细观层次上把混凝土看作是由粗骨料、硬化水泥砂浆基体组成的两相非均质复合材料,采用适宜极限分析及处理微裂纹行为的刚体－弹簧元法,研究了不同的组成成分对材料的影响,建立起混凝土的细观结构以观性能之间的关系。     

共轨蓄压式电控泵喷嘴系统的实验研究

研究共轨蓄压式电控泵喷吡系统的喷射特性,取代传统的泵－油管－喷嘴系统,利用研制的实验装置对共轨蓄压式电控泵喷嘴的流量特性、喷油压力特性及喷油定时进行实验,由此分析影响喷射特性的各种因素,实验结果表明,共轨蓄压式电控泵喷嘴的特性不仅受共轨压力、增压时间的影响,转速对其也有一定的影响,而在喷射特性调节的灵活性方面,共轨蓄压式电控泵喷嘴较传统的泵－油管－喷嘴系统有明显改善。     

MAS NMR studies of modified HY zeolites

The variations in structure and acidity on the internal and external surfaces of HY zeolites modified by MgO and SiO₂ have been studied by MAS NMR, together with the selective adsorption of perfluorotributyl-amine.²⁷Al and²⁹Si MAS NMR spectra revealed that the modifications led to significant changes of the framework owing to the migration of some non-framework Si and Al into the framework in the course of the modifications.¹H MAS NMR spectra showed that the modifications decreased the acidity of the zeolite surfaces. With an increasing of the loading of the oxides, the acidity of the surface decreased further. Both of the two kinds of Brönsted acidity of the MgO-modified HY zeolites decreased, particularly those in the supercages, while those of the SiO₂-modified HY zeolites decreased less, and this result is consistent with that of NH₃-TPD. From the adsorption of perfluorotributyl-amine, it was found that the acidic sites on the external surface of the HY zeolite can be completely covered by SiO₂ after being modified by the chemical liquid deposition (CLD) method.     

Measuring radial Young’s modulus of DNA by tapping mode AFM

Based on tapping mode AFM imaging, a method was demonstrated to evaluate compression elasticity of single double-stranded DNA （dsDNA） molecules in the force region. With images under ambient conditions, Young＇s moduli of dsDNA in compression were calculated. Results demonstrated that Young＇s moduli of dsDNA can be simply deduced according to the proposed model. The method can also be used to evaluate the compression elasticity of similar soft nanomaterials.     

液体动力润滑滑动轴承概率设计

为了最大限度地满足液体动力润滑径向滑动轴承的承载量系数值,以达到滑动轴承承载能力的要求,提出液体动力润滑径向滑动轴承概率设计的数学模型,并给出了具体的概率设计方法.实例计算结果表明,该方法实用、合理.     

分担值与正规定则

设F为单位圆盘上的一个亚纯函数族，a，b为两个判别的有穷复数，b≠0，如果A↓f∈F，f的零点至少是重级的，且E（a／f^（k））包含E（a,f），E（b,f^（k））包含E（b,f），则F在单位圆盘上正规．     

与分担值有关的正规定则

设F为单位圆盘上的一族亚纯函数,a非零有穷复数,k为任一正整数,若对每一f∈F,f零点的重数≥k 1(k≥2),极点重数≥2,′f和f(k)IM分担值a,则F在单位圆盘上正规。     

复射影空间中全实2-调和伪脐子流形

本文主要探讨了复射影空间CPn中实2-调和伪脐子流形与极小流形及全测地子流形之间的关系,给出该类子流形一些Pinching结果.     

浅析桥梁支座的维修加固

文章介绍了桥梁支座在公路运营过程中检测的项目和方法，并分析了支座损坏的原因及常规维修方法。