洋山港码头污损生物的群落结构和多样性研究

洋山港是上海国际航运中心的枢纽港,大量外来货轮的停靠使洋山港成为污损生物入侵的高风险区,同时污损生物的大量附着也将对港口设施造成严重影响.为了解洋山港码头污损生物的多样性现状及演变趋势,2010年5月通过对码头不同潮区污损生物群落的样方采样,分析了洋山港码头的群落结构及多样性现状.洋山港码头共采集到污损生物17种,网纹纹藤壶和僧帽牡蛎为优势种(Y=0.396,0.250).从高潮区到低潮区,污损生物群落结构明显不同:种类数、密度和生物量基本呈上升趋势,均匀度呈明显下降趋势,而多样性指数则呈先上升后下降趋势.对覆盖率和多样性指标进行回归分析得出,洋山港污损生物覆盖率与多样性指数呈单峰上拱曲线,覆盖率在30%～40%区间内污损生物多样性最高.该结果在Shannon-Wiener、Margalef和Simpson三种多样性指数中均支持中度干扰假说.     

小型单相同步发电机并列条件仿真分析

小型单相同步发电机并列控制器设计时,并列参数选择需要限制合闸后冲击电流不大于一定范围。通过建立小型单相同步发电机并列系统的场路耦合时步有限元模型,并采用ANSYS的APDL语言编制的计算软件,研究了两台单相同步发电机在不同并列参数差值下并列的暂态过程,得出在3个并列参数差值单因素及多因素作用下合闸后冲击电流的大小和变化规律,为单相同步发电机并列控制器设计提供了准确的并列条件。     

过抽样混沌序列的语音通信加密应用

通过对混沌系统特性的研究,设计出一种安全性高、加密速度快的通信加密方案.首先根据数字混沌序列的特性对混沌的迭代过程进行改进,实现对Chebyshev混沌序列的过抽样处理.设计语音信号传输系统,在发送端实现混沌序列对语音信号的加密,调制后进入高斯白噪声信道,在接收端接收到密文后对加密语音信号进行解调和解密,得到解密后的语音信号.实验证明,过抽样技术应用在混沌扩频通信中,可以极大地提高无线通信的保密性.     

基于16S rRNA和16S-23S rRNA基因间隔区序列探讨陆生和水生螺原体菌株的系统发生关系

采集江苏省养殖池塘内发病的中华绒螯蟹、克氏原螯虾和南美白对虾,利用已有螺原体16S rRNA和23S rRNA基因序列保守引物扩增并测序16S rRNA和16S-23S rRNA基因间隔区序列(ISRs).基于已获得的序列和GenBank中下载的螺原体序列分别进行同源性比对,比对的结果分别利用PAUP软件和MrBaye...     

Eu（bpy）2（NO3）3（H2O）2/Nafion修饰于金电极上的电化学发光性质研究（英文）

本文合成了铕-联吡啶的二元配合物Eu(bpy)2(NO3)3(H2O)2,用元素分析、红外及紫外光谱对配合物进行了表征.采用循环伏安法,研究了用Nafion将Eu(bpy)2(NO3)3(H2O)2修饰于金电极上的电化学发光行为.讨论了介质、pH对该体系电化学发光性质的影响,推测了Eu(bpy)2(NO3)3(H2O)2电化学发光的机理.结果表明:在没有共反应试剂存在的条件下,Eu(bpy)2(NO3)3(H2O)2在pH 8.0的硼砂缓冲溶液中可以产生较强的电化学发光,其发光体可能为Eu*(bpy)2(NO3)3(H2O)2.     

Serum levels of perfluorinated compounds in the general population in Shenzhen, China

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have been detected in many environmental matrices, biota, and nonoccupationally exposed populations in China recently. However, little is known about the distribution and levels of various PFCs in the general population living in areas where there is PFC exposure. In the present study, the levels and prevalence of ten target PFCs were determined in 227 serum samples from a population of nonoccupationally exposed individuals in Shenzhen, China. Results indicated that human exposure to PFCs was prevalent in Shenzhen. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) was the dominant PFC contaminant in the serum samples, with a median concentration of 6.72 ng/mL, followed by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) with a median concentration of 2.07 ng/mL. Other PFCs were detected at much lower concentrations, with median concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.87 ng/mL. Statistically, no significant (P>0.05) gender differences were observed for any of the PFCs. Significant (P<0.01) positive correlations were found between age and serum concentrations of the target PFCs, except for perfluorobutane sulfonate (R = 0.16, P = 0.01), perfluorohexanoic acid (R = 0.08, P = 0.22), and perfluoroheptanoic acid (R = 0.11, P = 0.10). Based on the one-compartment pharmacokinetic model, the total daily intakes of PFOA and PFOS for the general population in Shenzhen were calculated as 0.63 and 0.20 ng/kg body weight/day, respectively.     

Parametric effects on the combustion flow field of a typical strut-based scramjet combustor

The flame-holding mechanism in hypersonic propulsion technology is the most important factor in prolonging the duration time of hypersonic vehicles.The two-dimensional coupled implicit Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations,the shear-stress transport k-ω turbulence model and the finite-rate/eddy-dissipation reaction models were used to simulate the combustion flow field of a typical strut-based scramjet combustor.We investigated the effects of the hydrogen-air reaction mechanism and fuel injection temperature and pressure on the parametric distributions in the combustor.The numerical results show qualitative agreement with the experimental data.The hydrogen-air reaction mechanism makes only a slight difference in parametric distributions along the walls of the combustor,and the expansion waves and shock waves exist in the combustor simultaneously.Furthermore,the expansion wave is formed ahead of the shock wave.A transition occurs from the shock wave to the normal shock wave when the injection pressure or temperature increases,and the reaction zone becomes broader.When the injection pressure and temperature both increase,the waves are pushed out of the combustor with subsonic flows.When the waves are generated ahead of the strut,the separation zone is formed in double near the walls of the combustor because of the interaction of the shock wave and the boundary layer.The separation zone becomes smaller and disappears with the disappearance of the shock wave.Because of the horizontal fuel injection,the vorticity is generated near the base face of the strut,and this region is the main origin for turbulent combustion.     

Development of cryogenically-cooled low noise amplifier for mobile base station receivers

A new circuit model for designing and manufacturing an S-band low noise amplifier(LNA) with the software,Advanced Design System(ADS),is introduced in this paper.The proposed model involves shunted impedance at the grid to achieve a stable LNA without measuring the S-parameters of transistors at low temperatures.The LNA was measured over the operation band of 2.2-2.3 GHz,which has input and output standing wave ratios below 1.2.The noise figure of the manufactured LNA was about 0.2 dB and the gain was above 22 dB,which indicated that our LNA worked well at 77 K.     

Enhanced anti-sunward flow near local noon during a period of horizontal IMF and high solar wind velocity <Emphasis Type="Italic">V</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">Y</Emphasis></Subscript>

It is believed that a southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is mainly responsible for the energy input from solar wind into the magnetosphere. This paper presents an unusual case of strong anti-sunward plasma flow (up to 2 km/s) in the polar cap ionosphere and large cross-polar cap potential (CPCP) during a period of horizontal IMF (|B _Z | < 2 nT) observed by both ACE (at the L1 point) and Geotail (on the dusk flank of the magnetosheath). The CPCP is even higher than that under preceding B _Z ≈ −23 nT. Furthermore, GOES8 observed that the magnetosheath field turns northward as the anti-sunward plasma flow and CPCP start to increase, which implies that the magnetosheath field interacting with the Earth’s magnetopause has significantly rotated and differs from the IMF observed by ACE and Geotail. In accordance with previous theoretical work, we suggest that the magnetic field line draping produces a southward magnetosheath field and enhances anti-sunward plasma flow and the CPCP.     

Rapid growth and sterility of growth hormone gene transgenic triploid carp

Triploid carp (100%) with 150 (3n=150) chromosomes were obtained by crossing the females of improved tetraploid hybrids (♀, 4n=200) of red crucian carp (♀)×common carp (♂) with the males of diploid yellow river carp (♂, 2n=100). The crosses yielded transgenic triploid carp (positive triploid fish, 44.2% of the progeny) and non-transgenic triploid carp (negative triploid fish). Histological examination of the gonads of 24-month-old positive triploid fish suggested they were sterile and the fish were not able to produce mature gametes during the breeding season. Morphologically, both the positive and negative triploid fish were similar. They had a spindle-shaped, laterally compressed, steel grey body with two pairs of barbells. Most of the quantifiable traits of the triploid carp were intermediate between those of the two parents. The positive and negative triploid fish were raised in the same pond for 2 years. The mean body weight of the positive triploid fish was 2.3 times higher than the negative triploid fish. The weight of the largest positive triploid fish was 2.91 times higher than that of the largest negative triploid fish. Thus, we produced fast-growing transgenic triploid carp that have a reduced ecological risk because of their inability to mate and produce progeny.