基于贝叶斯推断的脉冲星偏振位置角拟合算法

脉冲星辐射束的偏振位置角与相位的关系可用旋转矢量模型(RVM)描述,现有的Levenberg-Marquardt非线性拟合和格点搜寻算法对RVM的拟合存在效率低、易过拟合等问题。本文发展了一套基于贝叶斯推断的马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛算法(MCMC),并用该方法对已有文献中的10颗脉冲星偏振位置角进行了拟合。结果表明,MCMC算法不仅能得到与已有文献一致的结果,而且该算法具有高效、不易过拟合、能更好地估计参数的可信度区间等优点。     

Design and fabrication of 1-D semiconductor nanomaterials for high-performance photovoltaics

To date, the cost-effective utilization of solar energy by photovoltaics for large-scale deployment remains challenging. Further cost minimization and efficiency maximization, through reduction of material consumption, simplification of device fabrication as well as optimization of device structure and geometry, are required. The usage of 1D nanomaterials is attractive due to the outstanding light coupling effect, the ease of fabrication, and integration with one-dimensional(1-D) semiconductor materials. The light absorption efficiency can be enhanced significantly, and the corresponding light-toelectricity conversion efficiency can be as high as their bulk counterparts. Also, the amount of active materials used can be reduced. This review summarizes the recent development of 1-D nanomaterials for photovoltaic applications, including the anti-reflection, the light absorption,the minority diffusion, and the semiconductor junction properties. With solid progress and prospect shown in the past 10 years, 1-D semiconductor nanomaterials are attractive and promising for the realization of high-efficiency and low-cost solar cells.     

室温工作的射频放电激励板条CO激光器

研究了在室温工作下射频放电激励板条CO激光器的工作特性.采用81 MHz的射频放电,利用并联谐振技术获得均匀的射频放电.激光器电极大小为86 mm(宽)×700 mm(长),间距为1.7 mm.激光器谐振腔为输出耦合系数为8%的负支共焦谐振腔.研究了激光器的脉冲工作特性,以及不同脉冲情况下脉冲的时间特性.获得了峰值功率约为600 W的激光输出.测量了激光器输出的光谱特性以及输出功率稳定性.     

凝固速度对CuZnAlMnNiTi形状记忆合金析出相形态的影响

凝固速度对ＣｕＺｎＡｌＭｎＮｉＴｉ形状记忆合金析出相形态的影响王世栋宋经章常凤莲张谨平（东南大学分析测试中心，南京２１００１８）快速凝固可以显著地细化Ｃｕ．基形状记忆合金（ＳＭＡ）的晶粒［１，２］，有助于克服其冷加工脆性．为了防止快速凝固薄带在随后...     

聚丙烯腈/羟乙基纤维素共混体系溶液的流变性

探讨了聚丙烯腈/羟乙基纤维素(PAN/HEC)共混溶剂的选择及体系的相容性和流变性.结果表明,二甲基亚矾是PAN/HEC的较理想溶剂,而且它们在热力学上是不相容的.然而,由于体系粘度高,大分子链运动困难,因此在某些条件下相对稳定,显示了典型的非牛顿流体的特征.随着HEC/PAN共混比的增加,总固含量的提高,以及温度的降低,共混溶液的非牛顿指数降低,结构粘度指数上升,剪切弹性模量和最大松驰时间增加.     

汽轮机故障诊断中的信息熵融合

在汽轮机轴系振动故障模拟试验的基础上,对大量故障模拟试验数据进行计算,建立了典型故障的4种信息熵样本.采用概率神经网络对故障信号的4种信息熵特征进行融合研究,并将融合结果与最小距离分类器的分类效果进行了对照分析.研究表明,概率神经网络可实现对训练样本100%的正确识别率,对"陌生"样本的正确识别率也超过80%,其识别效果远远超过最小距离分类器.可见,概率神经网络综合了贝叶斯分类器和神经网络的优势,在汽轮机故障模式分类方面具有明显的优势,利用概率神经网络融合信号的信息熵特征实现汽轮机轴系故障模式识别是一种可行有效的方法.     

复合地基复合模量的理论修正

复合模量是计算复合地基沉降的关键指标,目前主要采用面积加权公式计算复合模量,实践证明沉降计算值与实测值有较大误差·在考虑桩长、桩端土性质对复合模量的影响后,利用复合地基桩体的承载机理对复合模量面积比公式进行修正·通过与实际工程进行对比,利用修正后的公式计算的沉降值比利用面积比公式计算更接近实测值·分析表明复合模量随着桩长的增加呈线性增长,桩土模量比越小,变化幅度越大·同样,随着桩端土刚性的增长复合模量也逐渐增大,但桩土模量比越大,变化幅度越大·因此应把桩土模量比作为复合地基类别的判据·     

Integration Between Enterprise Process Monitoring and Controlling System and Enterprise Application

The relationships and the features of integration between Enterprise Process Monitoring and Controlling System (EPMCS) and Enterprise Process Related Applications (EPRA) were analyzed. An integration architecture centered on EPMCS was presented, in which there were four layers to conneet from EPMCS to EPRA: EPMCS, application integration layer, transport layer and EPRA, and there were four layers used to etstablish integration: presentation layer, function layer, data layer and system layer. The frameworks to connect EPMCS and EPRA were designed, that Enterprise-Independent Model (ELM), Enterprise-Specific Model (ESM) and metamodel to describe these two models were defined. The method to integrate data based on XML was designed to exchange data from EPMCS to EPRA according to the mapping between EIM and ESM. The approches are suitable for integrating EPMCS and systems in Product Data Management (PDM), project management and enterprise business management.     

低渗透油藏二氧化碳同步埋存量计算

埋存潜力评价是二氧化碳捕集利用与封存(CCUS)潜力评价的重要内容。在区分二氧化碳驱油项目评价期内的埋存量(同步埋存量)和油藏废弃后的埋存量(深度埋存量)基础上,提出了"三参量法"同步埋存量计算方法;在辨析气驱换油率概念基础上,依据物质平衡原理,考虑压敏效应、溶解膨胀、干层吸气和裂缝疏导等,首次得到二氧化碳换油率理论计算公式;联合油气渗流分流方程、Corey模型和Stone方程等相对渗透率计算公式,给出了自由气相形成的生产气油比确定油藏工程方法;根据气驱增产倍数概念,结合水驱递减规律,预测低渗透油藏气驱产量变化情况。总结提出二氧化碳驱油与埋存项目评价期内埋存量"3步评价法",即"油藏筛选→三参量预测→同步埋存量计算",完善了二氧化碳驱油与埋存潜力评价油藏工程理论方法体系。     

焊缝固态收缩对残余应力形成过程的作用

在分析传统的焊接残余应力形成机理的基础上，针对其局限性提出了对接焊缝残余应力形成的修正模式。认为除进缝区母材中所发生的塑性压缩变形的贡献之外，焊缝金属冷却时的受制约收缩也是导致对接接头中产生残余应力的一个相当重要的因素。