预应力钢锚管注浆锚索边坡加固力学特性

为解决传统预应力锚索在边坡支护应用中存在安全耐久性不足、加固效果有限等的问题,通过室内和现场试验研究了预应力钢锚管注浆锚索力学特性,开发了边坡复合加固方法。研究结果表明,锚索荷载-位移曲线的非线性变化特征更明显;钢锚管的加卸载刚度变化规律不一致,而锚索的加卸载刚度变化均表现为幂函数衰减的规律;钢锚管和锚索的弹性位移随荷载呈线性增长,而塑性位移随荷载呈增长幂函数变化。边坡现场工程试验结果显示,新型加固技术对于不同地质边坡均适用。对于完整地层,锚固结构受力时产生的变形较少且刚度变化不大,不可恢复变形小,边坡变形易达到稳定状态;对于破碎地层,裂隙增加了浆体渗透提高了其与岩土体的粘结强度,增加了锚固力,因而受力时变形大,刚度变化大,产生的不可恢复变形量大,相对于传统锚索支护,新型支护技术能够更好发挥不同结构间的协作。可见新加固方法可为类似工程边坡加固设计提供参考。     

一种可变直径软体机器人的设计

为了解决刚性机械手安全性低、适应性差的问题,设计一款具有抓取功能的软体机器人。该软体机器人由三个呈圆周 120°分布的软体驱动器和一个夹具组成,夹具可以实现自动化改变直径以适应不同大小物体的抓取,经测算软体机器人可以抓取直径范围为 45mm~97mm 的物体。夹具和软体驱动器都采用3D打印制造,具有成本低、制造简单、易于大规模生产的优点。软体机器人采用气压驱动,当给驱动器充气时,三手指同时弯曲抓取物体,具有很好的稳定性。对于软体驱动器建立了相应的力学模型,得到了弯曲角度与输入气压的关系,并利用ABAQUS 有限元仿真软件对驱动器弯曲特性进行仿真。对比发现,理论建模和仿真分析在驱动器弯曲角度具有很高的吻合性。     

黄河上游径流量对气候变化的响应和预测模型

全球气候变化下的黄河上游径流量变化及其预测是流域生态水文研究的热点之一。论文利用2008-2020年流域内48个气象站的监测数据和头道拐水文站径流数据,系统分析了黄河上游流域径流量与气候要素变化的关系,并建立径流量预测模型。结果表明,单一月份的月平均气温、月降水量和月蒸散发量多未表现出显著的年际变化趋势,但年平均气温和年降水量显著上升,而年蒸散发量也有上升趋势但统计不显著;多数单一月份的月径流量和年径流量均在年际上呈显著增加趋势。在月平均气温、月降水量、月蒸散发量均与月径流量显著相关的基础上,基于气候要素建立的黄河上游流域径流量预测模型具有良好的预测效果。     

Nakagami衰落信道的统计特性分析与仿真

改进了一种产生Nakagami随机序列算法,讨论了Nakagami衰落信道的统计特性,其中包括接收信号的包络统计特性和3种分集合并方式下的电平交叉率、平均衰落延时,然后利用仿真模型对各种统计特性进行仿真和分析,并与理论分析结果进行了比较。     

Frequent mutations of genes encoding ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway components in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

We sequenced whole exomes of ten clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) and performed a screen of ～1,100 genes in 88 additional ccRCCs, from which we discovered 12 previously unidentified genes mutated at elevated frequencies in ccRCC. Notably, we detected frequent mutations in the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway (UMPP), and alterations in the UMPP were significantly associated with overexpression of HIF1α and HIF2α in the tumors (P = 0.01 and 0.04, respectively). Our findings highlight the potential contribution of UMPP to ccRCC tumorigenesis through the activation of the hypoxia regulatory network.     

Common variants on 8p12 and 1q24.2 confer risk of schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder affecting ～1% of the world population, with heritability of up to 80%. To identify new common genetic risk factors, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Han Chinese population. The discovery sample set consisted of 3,750 individuals with schizophrenia and 6,468 healthy controls (1,578 cases and 1,592 controls from northern Han Chinese, 1,238 cases and 2,856 controls from central Han Chinese, and 934 cases and 2,020 controls from the southern Han Chinese). We further analyzed the strongest association signals in an additional independent cohort of 4,383 cases and 4,539 controls from the Han Chinese population. Meta-analysis identified common SNPs that associated with schizophrenia with genome-wide significance on 8p12 (rs16887244, P = 1.27 × 10(-10)) and 1q24.2 (rs10489202, P = 9.50 × 10(-9)). Our findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.     

Genome-wide association identifies a susceptibility locus for coronary artery disease in the Chinese Han population

Coronary artery disease (CAD) causes more than 700,000 deaths each year in China. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in populations of European ancestry identified several genetic loci for CAD, but no such study has yet been reported in the Chinese population. Here we report a three-stage GWAS in the Chinese Han population. We identified a new association between rs6903956 in a putative gene denoted as C6orf105 on chromosome 6p24.1 and CAD (P = 5.00 × 10?3, stage 2 validation; P = 3.00 × 10?3, P = 1.19 × 10?? and P = 4.00 × 10?3 in three independent stage 3 replication populations; P = 4.87 × 10?12, odds ratio = 1.51 in the combined population). The minor risk allele A of rs6903956 is associated with decreased C6orf105 mRNA expression. We report the first GWAS for CAD in the Chinese Han population and identify a SNP, rs6903956, in C6orf105 associated with susceptibility to CAD in this population.     

雷达罩电性能的优化

将雷达罩的各种电性能的优化问题统一表示为非线性规划的形式 ,并应用遗传算法 (GA)进行求解。将原有的解析法 (AM)做了改进 ,以改进的AM法的初步设计结果为基础 ,对雷达罩壁厚分布进行编码 ,并建立了基因代码与罩性能参量之间的制约关系。以雷达罩的透波率优化为例 ,对GA进行了具体说明 ,导出了有关的计算公式。通过对多层介质结构三维正切卵形雷达罩的设计 ,验证了方法的正确性与有效性。     

Altered brain microRNA biogenesis contributes to phenotypic deficits in a 22q11-deletion mouse model

Individuals with 22q11.2 microdeletions show behavioral and cognitive deficits and are at high risk of developing schizophrenia. We analyzed an engineered mouse strain carrying a chromosomal deficiency spanning a segment syntenic to the human 22q11.2 locus. We uncovered a previously unknown alteration in the biogenesis of microRNAs (miRNAs) and identified a subset of brain miRNAs affected by the microdeletion. We provide evidence that the abnormal miRNA biogenesis emerges because of haploinsufficiency of the Dgcr8 gene, which encodes an RNA-binding moiety of the 'microprocessor' complex and contributes to the behavioral and neuronal deficits associated with the 22q11.2 microdeletion.