基于PSO磁悬浮球系统自适应灰预测控制

目的 针对磁悬浮球系统非线性不稳定和滞后性的问题,提出一种基于粒子群优化的自适应灰色预测 PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation)复合控制策略。 方法 通过在 PID 控制模块的反馈环中引入具有等维新息特征的灰色预测器,对系统误差进行及时反馈修正,以提高控制系统的响应速度和鲁棒性;同时,融合粒子群智能算 法对控制器参数迭代优化,以提高控制系统控制精度和抗干扰能力;最后,在 MATLAB / Simulink 环境下搭建仿真 平台进行对比实验。 结果 验证基于粒子群优化的自适应灰预测控制系统模型的超调量、峰值时间、调节时间显著 改善。 结论 证实该策略可以有效抑制系统滞后性,具有良好的稳定性和鲁棒性。     

大跨桥梁分离式三箱梁附加攻角效应研究

为研究附加攻角效应对分离式三箱梁颤振性能的影响,结合节段模型风洞试验和理论计算方法获得初始风攻角下的附加攻角,并通过计算流体动力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD）数值模拟方法求解初始风攻角下的颤振临界风速. 结果表明,分离式三箱梁的初始风攻角及箱梁之间的横梁对附加攻角有较大影响,节段模型在0°~+7°风攻角下存在十分显著的附加攻角效应,且表现为扭转振幅快速增大的硬颤振. 节段模型自由振动风洞试验难以直接获得分离式三箱梁在小风攻角下的准确颤振临界风速. 对于主跨3?300?m的悬索桥,0°初始风攻角下在颤振失稳前的静风附加攻角达到+7°以上,颤振临界风速大大降低,气弹稳定性得不到充分发挥. 因此,对于采用分离式三箱梁断面的超大跨径桥梁,在抗风设计中应对其附加攻角效应予以重视.     

砂土中螺旋桩在斜拉荷载作用下的承载性能

为研究斜拉荷载倾斜角度和叶片埋深对螺旋桩极限承载力的影响,基于ABAQUS软件构建了砂土中螺旋桩的有限元模型,通过螺旋桩水平承载机理砂箱试验与竖向拉拔试验数据,对模型的准确性和可行性进行验证。设置4组不同叶片埋深的螺旋桩模型,分别施加不同角度的斜拉荷载,探讨了砂土地基中螺旋桩的承载性能与斜拉角度、叶片埋深的相关性。结果表明:砂土中螺旋桩的极限承载力随着斜拉角度的增大不断减小;当斜拉角度小于30°时,螺旋桩极限承载力与斜拉角度的关系曲线近似呈线性;螺旋桩极限承载力存在一个临界埋深比,当埋深比大于等于4时,承载力不随埋深比的增大而变化。推导了深埋状态下螺旋桩受斜拉荷载作用的极限承载力公式,经验证该公式能较好反映螺旋桩极限承载力随斜拉角度增大而逐渐下降的规律。     

Metabolism in Porifera XII. Further informations on the biosynthesis of 3β-hydroxymethyl-A-nor-steranes in the spongeAxinella verrucosa

Summary Direct incorporation and cold trap experiments suggest that cholest-4-en-3-one is an intermediate in the conversion of cholesterol into 3-hydroxymethyl-A-nor-cholestane in the marine spongeAxinella verrucosa. Cholest-4-en-3-one is further transformed by the sponge into cholest-4-en-3-ol, 5-cholestan-3-one and 5-cholestan-3-ol; these compounds arise from side reactions, which are not part of the major metabolic route leading to 3-hydroxymethyl-A-norsteranes.     

Polyacetylenes from the spongePetrosia ficiformis found in dark caves

Summary Several high molecular weight polyacetylenes have been isolated from the spongePetrosia ficiformis found in dark caves. These compounds are related to, but different from, the polyacetylenes isolated from the same sponge living in its usual habitat.This work is a part of the Progetto finalizzato per l'Oceanografia e i Fondi Marini, CNR, Roma.The authors thank Mr G. Scognamiglio for the HPLC work, Mr C. Di Pinto for the NMR spectra and Mr G. Villani for the collection of the sponge.     

Effects of ACTH and diabetes on phospholipid metabolism in adrenal mitochondria.

Incorporation of 32P into adrenal mitochondrial phospholipids (PL) incrased in ACTH-treated rats, but it decreased in diabetics, inspite of the fact that these animals showed adrenal overacity. Since diabetics did not show increased 11 beta-hydroxylation. as opposed to ACTH-treated rats, it is suggested that the stimulation of this enzyme activity by exogenous ACTH is related to an increased turnover of PL at the mitochondrial membrane. The process is impaired in diabetics and prevents the stimulation of 11 beta-hydroxylation.     

Changes in ecdysone levels in the spiderPisaura mirabilis nymphs (Araneae,Pisauridae)

Summary RIA of ecdysones are made on nymphal extracts ofPisaura mirabilis during the intermoulting cycle. The hormone level is low during exuviation and the greatest part of the intermoulting period but increases notably before and after ecdysis. The main hormonal peak or pre-ecdysial peak is due to -ecdysone, characterized by combined TLC/RIA.Acknowledgment. We wish to thank Dr M. Hirn for his help during the manipulations and J. Britton who has translated the text into English.     

青藏铁路清水河段多年冻土区站场路基的试验研究

通过对青藏铁路清水河段站场路基的初步试验,获取了地温变形数据,探讨站场路基的冻结和融化过程的规律.实验表明:站场路基下冻土人为上限发生了上移,多年冻土得到了保护,为类似路段多年冻土工程提供借鉴.