Mechanical and corrosion properties of low-carbon steel prepared by friction stir processing

Low-carbon steel plates were successfully subjected to normal friction stir processing(NFSP) in air and submerged friction stir processing(SFSP) under water, and the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the NFSP and SFSP samples were investigated. Phase transformation and dynamic recrystallization resulted in fine-grained ferrite and martensite in the processed zone. The SFSP samples had smaller ferrites(5.1 μm), finer martensite laths(557 nm), and more uniform distribution of martensite compared to the NFSP samples. Compared to the base material(BM), the microhardness of the NFSP and SFSP samples increased by 19.8% and 27.1%, respectively because of the combined strengthening effects of grain refinement, phase transformation, and dislocation. The ultimate tensile strengths(UTSs) of the NFSP and SFSP samples increased by 27.1% and 38.7%, respectively. Grain refinement and martensite transformation also improved the electrochemical corrosion properties of the low-carbon steel. Overall, the SFSP samples had better mechanical properties and electrochemical corrosion resistance than the NFSP samples.     

不同农药残留标准下家庭农场种植行为选择

文章建立了政府与家庭农场农户之间的博弈模型,探讨在不同农药残留标准下政府如何对生态种植行为进行激励.研究表明,在宽松的农药残留标准下,政府可通过征收农药税等方式提高农药成本来激励农户选择生态种植,生态补贴及超标罚款的效果不明显;在严格的农药残留标准下,当农产品抽查难度较大时,政府可选择降低检查概率,同时大幅度提高农药价格来增加农户使用生态种植的动机;当政府对农药成本控制力较低或农药价格增量的边际效益较小时,政府应提高其检查概率,同时提高对于农药残留超标的罚款及生态种植的补贴来激励农户使用生态种植.     

泡桐木夹层梁的弯曲疲劳试验

对采用真空导入工艺的泡桐木夹层梁进行4点弯曲疲劳试验,研究发现泡桐木夹层梁的破坏形式主要有界面的脱黏、芯材的剪切破坏、面板分层等。试验过程中采集试件的S-N曲线,采用3种寿命预测公式对其进行线性拟合,得到该泡桐木夹层梁的寿命预测公式。基于S-N曲线在实际工程中的应用,引入失效率的概念,采用双参数的Weibull函数分布,对不同应力等级下的失效率进行研究,从而得到泡桐木夹层梁P-S-N曲线。     

Cobalt doped titanate nanotubes: Synthesis and properties

Cobalt oxide doped titanate nanotubes are synthesized with a simple hydrothermal treatment of mixed Co_3O_4 and TiO_2 powders. The formed tubular nanostructure, chemical composition,and the elemental distribution are analyzed using TEM, BET, FTIR, XRD, and XPS. The electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen evolution reactions and photodegradation against Rhodamine B are investigated. It has been found out that the oxygen evolutions starts at 0.8 V and reaches 0.98 mA ·cm~(–1) at 1.4 V vs. SCE. For photodegradation of Rhodamine B, the concentration decreased to 24% after 1 h irradiation using the sample with a mass percentage of 5% cobalt. The results demonstrate that the cobalt oxide doped titanate nanotubes are good candidates as electrocatalysts and photocatalytic materials.     

基于微博文本的个性化兴趣关注点及情绪变迁趋势研究

随着社交网络的快速发展,人们可利用微博平台发表、分享自己的观点以及抒发某种情绪,进而产生了大量针对不同话题的博文和情绪信息,但传统的文本挖掘算法在处理这些短小且具富含个性化情感信息的微博文本方面有所欠缺。在此提出一种基于微博文本的特征权重计算方法,可据此得到博主在不同时间段的关注点,通过情绪分类,分析用户在不同时间段内的情绪变迁情况。实验结果证明此方法具有一定的可行性。     

基于GEO-SLOPE软件的煤矿密集区典型危岩形成机理分析

贵州省凯里市龙场镇渔洞村岔河组老山新村同一位置先后2次发生崩塌灾害,崩塌堆积体灾害导致5人死亡,掩埋6栋房屋,转移安置21户79人。本文针对其高陡斜坡为缓倾坡内上硬下软型,下卧软层薄,采空区距离陡崖面较远的具体特征,通过geo-slope分析软件,结合现场测绘实际情况,建立地质模型并对其进行数值模拟分析,分析其形成机理。     

基于生成对抗网络的无载体信息隐藏

提出了一种基于生成对抗网络的无载体信息隐藏方法.发送方用伪装图像和Improved Wasserstein GAN生成一张与秘密图像相同的图像,发送方发送伪装图像,接收方收到伪装图像后用生成器生成和秘密图像视觉上相同的图像.与现有的信息隐藏方法相比,该方法不需要修改载体,能够有效地抵抗隐写分析工具的检测,能够达到秘密信息安全传输的目的.     

基于双响应曲面的精密产品子集模拟可靠稳健优化设计

针对不确定性场景下小失效概率的精密产品可靠性问题,提出了基于双响应曲面法(dual response surface methodology,DRSM)与子集模拟的可靠稳健优化方法。首先,建立精密产品多失效模式极限状态的RSM模型和以质量特性均值-方差为优化目标的功能函数DRSM模型。其次,在此基础上运用子集模拟法进行可靠性分析,将精密产品小失效概率描述成一系列较大的条件失效概率之积。最后,将极值事件的优化问题视作稀有事件的可靠性问题的特例,基于该转换思想采用子集模拟法将优化问题在可靠性问题的框架内进行求解。案例分析及验证结果表明所提方法的有效性。     

In situ backscattered electron imaging study of the effect of annealing on the deformation behaviors of Ni electroformed from additive-free and saccharin-containing sulfamate solutions

The Ni samples were electroformed from additive-free(AF) and saccharin-containing(SC) sulfamate solutions, respectively. In situ backscattered electron(BSE) imaging, electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD), and electron-probe microanalysis(EPMA) were used to investigate the effect of annealing on the deformation behaviors of the AF and SC samples. The results indicate that columnar grains of the as-deposited AF sample had an approximated average width of 3 μm and an approximated aspect ratio of 8. The average width of columnar grains of the as-deposited SC sample was reduced to approximately 400 nm by the addition of saccharin to the electrolyte. A few very-large grains distributed in the matrix of the SC sample after annealing. No direct evidence indicated that S segregated at the grain boundaries before or after annealing. The average value of the total elongations of the SC samples decreased from 16% to 6% after annealing, whereas that of the AF samples increased from 18% to 50%. The dislocation recovery in grain-boundary areas of the annealed AF sample was reduced, which contributed to the appearance of microvoids at the triple junctions. The incompatibility deformation between very-large grains and fine grains contributed to the brittle fracture behavior of the annealed SC Ni.