全文获取类型
收费全文 | 225篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
理论与方法论 | 3篇 |
现状及发展 | 71篇 |
研究方法 | 47篇 |
综合类 | 105篇 |
自然研究 | 9篇 |
出版年
2018年 | 2篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 2篇 |
2013年 | 5篇 |
2012年 | 27篇 |
2011年 | 27篇 |
2010年 | 9篇 |
2009年 | 3篇 |
2008年 | 24篇 |
2007年 | 22篇 |
2006年 | 9篇 |
2005年 | 12篇 |
2004年 | 11篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 7篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1961年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有235条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Detailed surveys of aquatic invertebrates in 28 springs along the western border of the Great Basin were made using pan traps, emergence traps, black lights, and benthic sampling devices from 1994 to 1998. Although all macroinvertebrate groups were collected, caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) were sampled most intensively. Fifty-eight species of caddisflies were collected from the 28 springs, with up to 18 species from a single spring. Although several springs had very similar physicochemical characteristics, none had identical trichopteran species composition. Using Wards minimum variance clustering technique, and with all macroinvertebrates identified to the lowest possible level, we found 3 taxa assemblages. These assemblages occurred in springs with the following physical conditions: (1) warm water (15.9° C), low elevation (1794 m); (2) cold water (8.5° C), mid-elevation (2334 m); and (3) cold water (6.6° C), high elevation (1794 m). Although the warm water group had a distinct assemblage of invertebrates (amphipods, gastropods, Trichoptera), distinct assemblages did not separate the 2 cold water groups. Discriminant analysis indicated that temperature, conductivity, alkalinity, and elevation were most responsible for discriminating group 1 from groups 2 and 3; temperature and elevation distinguished the latter 2 groups. Spring permanence, lack of disturbance, and cold water temperatures were the factors most responsible for explaining higher species richness of Trichoptera. 相似文献
72.
73.
74.
Saraux C Le Bohec C Durant JM Viblanc VA Gauthier-Clerc M Beaune D Park YH Yoccoz NG Stenseth NC Le Maho Y 《Nature》2011,469(7329):203-206
In 2007, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change highlighted an urgent need to assess the responses of marine ecosystems to climate change. Because they lie in a high-latitude region, the Southern Ocean ecosystems are expected to be strongly affected by global warming. Using top predators of this highly productive ocean (such as penguins) as integrative indicators may help us assess the impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems. Yet most available information on penguin population dynamics is based on the controversial use of flipper banding. Although some reports have found the effects of flipper bands to be deleterious, some short-term (one-year) studies have concluded otherwise, resulting in the continuation of extensive banding schemes and the use of data sets thus collected to predict climate impact on natural populations. Here we show that banding of free-ranging king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) impairs both survival and reproduction, ultimately affecting population growth rate. Over the course of a 10-year longitudinal study, banded birds produced 41% [corrected] fewer chicks and had a survival rate 16 percentage points [corrected] lower than non-banded birds, demonstrating a massive long-term impact of banding and thus refuting the assumption that birds will ultimately adapt to being banded. Indeed, banded birds still arrived later for breeding at the study site and had longer foraging trips even after 10?years. One of our major findings is that responses of flipper-banded penguins to climate variability (that is, changes in sea surface temperature and in the Southern Oscillation index) differ from those of non-banded birds. We show that only long-term investigations may allow an evaluation of the impact of flipper bands and that every major life-history trait can be affected, calling into question the banding schemes still going on. In addition, our understanding of the effects of climate change on marine ecosystems based on flipper-band data should be reconsidered. 相似文献
75.
76.
Chapman MA Lawrence MS Keats JJ Cibulskis K Sougnez C Schinzel AC Harview CL Brunet JP Ahmann GJ Adli M Anderson KC Ardlie KG Auclair D Baker A Bergsagel PL Bernstein BE Drier Y Fonseca R Gabriel SB Hofmeister CC Jagannath S Jakubowiak AJ Krishnan A Levy J Liefeld T Lonial S Mahan S Mfuko B Monti S Perkins LM Onofrio R Pugh TJ Rajkumar SV Ramos AH Siegel DS Sivachenko A Stewart AK Trudel S Vij R Voet D Winckler W Zimmerman T Carpten J Trent J Hahn WC Garraway LA Meyerson M Lander ES Getz G 《Nature》2011,471(7339):467-472
Multiple myeloma is an incurable malignancy of plasma cells, and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here we report the massively parallel sequencing of 38 tumour genomes and their comparison to matched normal DNAs. Several new and unexpected oncogenic mechanisms were suggested by the pattern of somatic mutation across the data set. These include the mutation of genes involved in protein translation (seen in nearly half of the patients), genes involved in histone methylation, and genes involved in blood coagulation. In addition, a broader than anticipated role of NF-κB signalling was indicated by mutations in 11 members of the NF-κB pathway. Of potential immediate clinical relevance, activating mutations of the kinase BRAF were observed in 4% of patients, suggesting the evaluation of BRAF inhibitors in multiple myeloma clinical trials. These results indicate that cancer genome sequencing of large collections of samples will yield new insights into cancer not anticipated by existing knowledge. 相似文献
77.
78.
Antigens are generally thought to be recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes as peptides in the context of class I major histocompatibility proteins complex, which are heterodimers of heavy chains noncovalently associated with beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m). The highly polymorphic nature of the heavy chains and their resulting ability to present different sets of peptides has presumably evolved to allow potent immune responses against most pathogens. By contrast, the polymorphism of beta 2m is limited; seven alleles are known in the mouse and only one has been identified in humans. beta 2-Microglobulin was consequently thought to have only structural functions: namely, to ensure correct folding of class I molecules and their transport to the cell surface. Although beta 2m is not implicated directly in the formation of the peptide binding site, we report here that it participates in the selection of MHC class I molecule-associated peptides. 相似文献
79.
陈式 《暨南大学学报(自然科学与医学版)》1994,(3)
从广东省花都市产银环蛇(Bungarusmulticintus)蛇毒纯化得到两个K-神经毒素(K-NT):Ⅵ2d峰及Ⅷ1b峰。两者的分子量均为6500,等电聚焦PI值均为9.1。Ⅵ2d峰N端部分43个氨基酸顺序与台湾姐环蛇的K-BGT完全一致,后者是当前唯一可用于神经元烟碱乙酰胆碱受体分型的毒素探针。至此,从中国大陆产的银环蛇毒中找到K-NT家族中3个成员即:K-BGT、K_2-BGT及K_3-BGT. 相似文献
80.
S. Abrahamsson R. J. Gryglewski L. Hellgren J. Splawinski J. Vincent B. Wojtaszek 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1981,37(2):164-166
Summary The activity spectrum of prostaglandin-like substances (PLS) fromP. acnes was investigated with cascade superfusion technique and by platelet aggregation assay. The biological activity of PLS resembles that of PGI2: both relax bovine coronary artery, rabbit mesentric and coeliac arteries; both contract the rat stomach strip as well as both typically inhibit spontaneous movements of isolated guinea pig ileum. Also, similarly to PGI2, PLS inhibits platelet aggregation regardless the inducer used. However, PLS possesses a specific antiaggregatory pattern on platelet, which indicates that these compounds are not indentical with primary prostaglandins or PGI2. 相似文献