柳叶中黄酮甙的分离鉴定及丹宁成分的初步分析

从杨柳科植物垂柳(Salix,babylonica L.)的干燥叶中得到两种黄酮甙,经化学及光谱分析分别鉴定为木犀草甙(Sal—1)和芫花叶甙(Sal—3),该两种化合物均为从柳叶中首次得到。另外通过对不同季节及不同部位柳树中丹宁成分的分析,初步表明,除树皮中含有缩合丹宁外,其它部分基本不含丹宁。     

慢性肺心病的腹部体征

本文无选择的、随机的收集了1982年11月～1983年2月间,广州市、吉林市和通化市等11间医院571例患者,其中包括慢性肺心病320例,阻塞性肺气136例,其它心脏病115例,就腹部体征进行了互相间的对比观察。结果是慢性心病组288例(90.0％),阻塞性气肿组62例(45.5％)表现有剑突下搏动,而其它心脏病组只15例(13.0％)有此体征。此种搏动来源于垂悬的、搏动着的心脏(有时伴有右室肥厚),乃是心脏前下壁的搏动经膈肌传导而来,认为此征在慢性肺心病与其它性质心脏病之间可具诊断及鉴别诊断意义。同时发现慢性肺心病组241例(7.53％)阻塞性肺气肿组63例(46.3％)有明显腹壁紧张,其它心脏组18例(15.6％)有此征。这是由于长期的咳嗽、咳痰动作和腹式呼吸,致使腹肌运动过度所造成的。此征在慢性肺心病与其他性质心脏病间也有一定的诊断及鉴别诊断意义。至于肝脾肿大、腹水则无鉴别诊断意义。还指出在慢性肺心病并发严重支气管肺部感染的2例患者(0.62％),由于剧烈的毒血症和伴存的瀰漫性血管内凝血及低钾发生了麻痹性肠梗阻。表现明显腹部胀气、肠鸣音消失及便秘,连同患者本来就有的腹肌紧张体征,可能给人以“急腹症”的印象,对这类病例不要误作手术。     

冠心病患者血栓前状态分子标志物检测

通过采用流式细胞仪、酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法(ELISA)法、放射免疫法、全自动血凝分析仪等,检测冠心病患者血小板膜表面P-选择素(CD62p)、血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)及其抑制剂(PAI-1)、血清内皮素(ET-1),以及凝血4项即血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(ITT),研究冠心病患者血栓前状态相关指标改变并探讨其意义.结果表明,冠心病患者血小板膜表面CD62p的表达、血浆PAI-1、FIB 3项指标均较正常组显著增高(P<0.05),而t-PA水平较正常组显著降低(P<0.05);冠心病患者APTT时间显著缩短IP<0.05).由此可知,冠心病患者血小板活化、凝血功能增强、纤溶功能减退,存在明显的血栓前状态;测定血小板表面CD62p的表达、血浆t-PA和PAI-1及凝血4项有助于早期发现冠心病患者血栓前状态并以指导临床早期干预治疗.     

铁皮石斛资源、化学成分及药理作用研究进展

 铁皮石斛是滋阴补益的名贵药用植物,在治疗和日常保健中应用广泛。由于野生资源的匮乏和价格昂贵等原因,导致市场上的铁皮石斛良莠不齐,掺假严重。随着人工栽培技术的日益成熟,铁皮石斛资源匮乏的问题逐步得到解决。近10年,国内外对其组织培养、种植栽培、鉴别和质量控制、化学成分、药理作用和临床应用等方面进行了大量深入研究。本文主要从铁皮石斛拉丁学名、商品、资源现状、质量评价和遗传多样性等方面综述铁皮石斛的资源情况;对已发现的多糖、氨基酸、微量元素、菲类、联苄类、酚酸类和生物碱等类型的化学成分和提高免疫、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、降血糖和降血压等药理作用进行系统综述,为铁皮石斛化学成分与生物活性的研究,以及开发有药用价值的天然产物,提供科学依据和理论基础。     

两性物质水溶液平衡体系中质点浓度的计算机分析

本文以多元弱酸弱碱盐－两性物质的水解平衡为例，通过质子条件和物料平衡，推导得出氢离子浓度解的精确公式，以二分法设计－计算机程序，得出平衡体系中各质点的平衡浓度的精确解。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病西北寒燥证模型全身炎症反应状态研究

 通过测定慢性阻塞性肺疾病（Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,COPD）西北寒燥证模型外周血中炎症因子IL-1β、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α含量的变化,揭示COPD西北寒燥证模型全身炎症反应状态。利用气管滴注弹性蛋白酶结合熏烟的方法建立COPD模型,在此基础上施以寒燥环境应激以建立COPD西北寒燥证模型。利用酶联免疫吸附测定（Enzyme-Linked Immunoadsordent Assay,ELISA）法测其外周血血清中IL-1β、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α含量。结果表明,大鼠血清中弹性蛋白酶加熏烟加寒燥组（酶加CS加寒燥组）的IL-1β含量高于空白对照组（P＜0.05）;模型组IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α含量较空白对照组虽有增高趋势,但3组均不具有统计学差异。故而认为,西北寒燥证（寒燥）引起的全身炎症反应主要以增加血清中IL-1β含量为主,提示西北寒燥证具有加重COPD全身炎症的趋势,方域特色COPD的治疗应引起重视;西北寒燥证参与了COPD的发病,但其不是COPD中较重的证型,应尽早对其加以调控和预防。     

Pollen Morphology of Artemisia L. and Its Systematic Significance

0　IntroductionThe morphological researches on the pollen grainof Artemisia can be oddly seen in overseas re ports (Woodhouse[1,2], Erdtman[3,4], Ikuse[5], Ska varla and Larson[6], Singh and Joshi[7], Praglows ki[8], Rowley[9] et al). Researchers in…     

Partial Volume Correction in SPECT Using Anatomical Information and Iterative FBP

The ability to correctly quantify activity concentration with single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) is limited by its spatial resolution.Blurring of data between adjacent structures,which is known as partial volume effects,can be compensated for by utilizing high resolution structural information from other imaging modalities such as CT or MRI.Previously developed partial volume correction(PVC) methods normally assume a spatially invariant point spread function.In SPECT this is not a good approx...     

Axial Cone Beam Reconstruction with Asymptotic Trajectory Extrapolation Implemented by 3-D Weighting Scheme

Axial scan along circular trajectory has been the most desirable in clinical and preclinical applications.However,due to the violation of the data sufficiency condition,the reconstruction accuracy of axial scan deteriorates rapidly with increasing detector z-dimension.A number of algorithms have been proposed thus far to improve the reconstruction accuracy.It is well understood that,the larger the radius of circular trajectory,the more accurate the reconstruction.Ultimately,the reconstruction becomes accura...     

Induced temperature-dependent DNA degradation by C_(60) without photoactivation

This study shows that C₆₀ can degrade pBR322 plasmid DNA at room temperature without photoactivation. The degradation was enhanced by increasing incubation temperature, reaction time or C₆₀ concentration. We also found that superoxide radical anions （O 2 · ） were formed in the C₆₀ solution. Superoxide dismutase significantly inhibited DNA cleavage and O 2 · generation induced by C₆₀ . These results suggest that DNA cleavage was caused by the formation of reactive oxygen species induced by C₆₀ at room temperature. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the DNA degradation was significantly inhibited by acid amide chemicals such as formamide, and by increased ionic strength of the reaction solution. These results indicate that the DNA conformation stability and the surface properties of C₆₀ are important factors regulating DNA degradation. We propose that C₆₀ can bind DNA, decrease DNA conformation stability, and induce the formation of reactive oxygen species and DNA cleavage at room temperature. Our results provide a possible explanation for the genotoxicity of C₆₀ , which should be considered in future use of this particular nano-material.