低强度瞬态电磁场下动物细胞的电穿孔效应

用低强度瞬态电磁场处理动物细胞后,一些胞内蛋白可以溢出细胞,荧光标记抗体蛋白（ＩｇＧ）可以进入细胞,通过扫描电镜观察到红细胞膜上有电致孔洞,证实了低强度瞬态电磁场作用能起电穿孔。     

一种二值图像的快速细化算法

提出了一种适应于二值图像的快速细化算法，该算法利用边缘跟踪、根据边缘跟踪特点所设计的判断规则及单向链表结构存储边缘信息等技术，大大地加快了细化速度，而且占内存少，当仅需对目标模式进行细化处理时，该算法更为有效。     

Gemini表面活性剂在气/液界面上的微区形貌随表面压的变化

测定了Gemini表面活性剂在pH值为10．86,NaBr浓度为1．0mol／L的溶液气／液界面上的表面压一分子面积的等温线。用自制的Brewster角显微镜(BAM)观察了由Gemini表面活性剂在界面上所形成单分子膜的微区形貌随表面压的变化。结果表明：当pH值为10．86时,Gemini表面活性剂在1．0mol／L NaBr溶液的气／液界面上生成了凝聚态的单分子膜;当表面压较低时,观察到在界面上形成了同心圆结构;随着表面压的增加,这些同心圆可发生聚并而形成多中心结构。     

绕水平圆柱层流自然对流数值模拟

从Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程和能量方程入手，利用有限差分方法摸拟绕水平圆柱定常层流自然对流流动，采用流函数涡量无量纲方程，非均匀网格剖分，二阶精度差分格式，非均匀圆柱表面温度分布，计算了瑞利数Ｒａ在１０４～１０６，普朗特数Ｐｒ在０．７～１００范围内的各种非均匀表面温度分布下的绕水平圆柱自然对流，特别是在圆往表面温度局部低于室温情况下，计算出了回流。全部结果与实际情况及已有的实验计算结果吻合。     

椭圆矩形翅片管采暖散热器的优化研究

对椭圆矩形翅片管采暖散热器的结构进行了优化分析，计算了椭圆管矩形翅片的肋效率，对矩形翅片的长宽比和翅片间距进行了优化计算，求出了最优长宽比和最优翅片间距的范围，对市场上现有的椭圆矩形翅片管采暖散热器进行了实验研究，证实了优化分析的正确性。     

Genome sequence and analysis of the tuber crop potato

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the world's most important non-grain food crop and is central to global food security. It is clonally propagated, highly heterozygous, autotetraploid, and suffers acute inbreeding depression. Here we use a homozygous doubled-monoploid potato clone to sequence and assemble 86% of the 844-megabase genome. We predict 39,031 protein-coding genes and present evidence for at least two genome duplication events indicative of a palaeopolyploid origin. As the first genome sequence of an asterid, the potato genome reveals 2,642 genes specific to this large angiosperm clade. We also sequenced a heterozygous diploid clone and show that gene presence/absence variants and other potentially deleterious mutations occur frequently and are a likely cause of inbreeding depression. Gene family expansion, tissue-specific expression and recruitment of genes to new pathways contributed to the evolution of tuber development. The potato genome sequence provides a platform for genetic improvement of this vital crop.     

The optical afterglow of the short gamma-ray burst GRB 050709

It has long been known that there are two classes of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), mainly distinguished by their durations. The breakthrough in our understanding of long-duration GRBs (those lasting more than approximately 2 s), which ultimately linked them with energetic type Ic supernovae, came from the discovery of their long-lived X-ray and optical 'afterglows', when precise and rapid localizations of the sources could finally be obtained. X-ray localizations have recently become available for short (duration <2 s) GRBs, which have evaded optical detection for more than 30 years. Here we report the first discovery of transient optical emission (R-band magnitude approximately 23) associated with a short burst: GRB 050709. The optical afterglow was localized with subarcsecond accuracy, and lies in the outskirts of a blue dwarf galaxy. The optical and X-ray afterglow properties 34 h after the GRB are reminiscent of the afterglows of long GRBs, which are attributable to synchrotron emission from ultrarelativistic ejecta. We did not, however, detect a supernova, as found in most nearby long GRB afterglows, which suggests a different origin for the short GRBs.