Stress-strain partitioning analysis of constituent phases in dual phase steel based on the modified law of mixture

A more accurate estimation of stress-strain relationships for martensite and ferrite was developed, and the modified law of mixture was used to investigate the stress-strain partitioning of constituent phases in dual phase (DP) steels with two different martensite volume fractions. The results show that there exist great differences in the stress-strain contribution of martensite and ferrite to DP steel. The stress-strain partitioning coefficient is not constant in the whole strain range, but decreases with increasing the true strain of DP steel. The softening effect caused by the dilution of carbon concentration in martensite with the increase of martensite volume fraction has great influence on the strain contribution of martensite. The strain ratio of ferrite to martensite almost linearly increases with increasing the true strain of DP steel when the martensite volume fraction is 22%, because martensite always keeps elastic. But the strain ratio of ferrite to martensite varies indistinctively with the further increase in true strain of DP steel above 0.034 when the martensite volume fraction is 50%, because plastic deformation happens in martensite. The stress ratio ofmartensite to ferrite decreases monotonously with increasing the true strain of DP steel whether the martensite volume fraction is 22% or 50%.     

Long-day photoperiod induced unhealthy development of chloroplasts in the photoperiod-sensitive genie male-sterile rice

By measurement of photochemical activities of chloroplasts and observation on supramolecular archi tecture of thylakoids in chloroplasts, it was found that compared with the effects of short-day photoperiod, long-day pho toperiod could induce normal development of chloroplasts in seedlings of NK58S (photoperiod-sensitive genie male-sterile rice) and NK58 (original line) which do not enter the photoperiod sensitive phase and in seedlings of NK58 just enter the photoperiod-sensitive phase. However, it could induce unhealthy development of chloroplasts in seedlings of NK58S which also just enter the photoperiod sensitive phase. This special effect of long-day photoperiod on the development of chloroplasts in NK58S is probably one of main reasons why long-day photoperiod induces rale-sterility in NK58S and normal fertility in NK58.     

MnCO3掺杂对新型改性钛酸铅陶瓷性能的影响

研制了一种新型的改性ＰｂＴｉＯ３陶瓷大各向异性材料,研究了这种新型的性能在不同ＭｎＣＯ３掺杂量和不同的极化电场下的变化,其中包括材料的机电耦合系数、机械品质因素、介电损耗等,ＭｎＣＯ３掺杂量为１．１％－１．３％（ｍｏｌ／ｍｏｌ）时,材料既有大各向异性,又有高机械品质因素,对ＭｎＣＯ３影响材料大各向异性的原因进行了分析,指出锰掺杂从晶界、晶粒及晶体结构等方面同时对材料的性能施加影响。     

Simulation for the primary electronic donor of photosystem Ⅱ in vitro

Histidine coordinated to Chl a is a distinct characteristic of Chl a in vivo. By using histidine analogue of 1-methylimidazole (C4H6N2) and measuring the UV/vis absorption, CD and MCD spectra of the interaction between C4H6N2 and Chl a in CCl4, we have obtained that: (ⅰ) In pure CCl4 solvent, Chl a molecule is in five-coordinate state, and two Chl a molecules form an asymmetric compact-dimer with strong coupling interaction. We propose that the two Chl a molecules are connected by two unequally coordinated Mg-O bonds (the two oxygen atoms come from the C== O of C131 keto and C17 ester, respectively); (ⅱ) when the molar ratio of C4H6N2/Chl a is 0.5 or 1 (corresponding to 2Chl a·1C4H6N2 and 2Chl a·2C4H6N2, respectively), significant changes have been observed in the absorption, CD and MCD spectra, which indicate that the Chl a remains in dimer form, but the coupling interaction between them reduces greatly. We postulate that C4H6N2 replaces the ligation of C== O of C17 ester and C131 keto to Mg atoms sequentially. The two Chl a molecules linked by two weakly interacted Mg...O bonds form a relaxed-dimer. The structure of the model is essentially similar to that of the primary electronic donor, P680, of photosystem Ⅱ in high plants and algae.     

The excitation energy transfer between b -Car and Chla molecules in PSⅡ core antenna complexes CP43 and CP47

The excitation energy transfer efficiency between b -Car and Chla molecules in purified CP43 and CP47 was calculated by comparing absorption and fluorescence excitation after normalization at 550 nm, CP43 had an energy transfer efficiency of 29.1% while the CP47 had an energy transfer efficiency of 62.8%, proving that excitation energy was transferred between b -Car and Chla molecules in CP43 and CP47 at normal conditions. The excitation energy transfer between b -Car and Chla molecules in CP43 and CP47 may occur through the "Dexter" mechanism and the distance between these two kinds of pigments should be less than 1 nm. In addition, the results were also used to discuss the conformational relationship between b -Car and Chla molecules in CP43 and CP47.     

钯原子簇的电子结构和磁性性质研究

本文利用离散变分—局域自旋密度泛函 ( DV- LSD)的方法对 Pd N原子簇的电子结构和磁性性质进行了研究。结果表明 :所有我们研究的钯原子簇都存在非零磁性解 ,原子的平均磁矩随着原子簇的尺寸增大而逐步减小     

TeV物理新时代:探索质量起源和新物理规律

2008年国际科学界一个最振奋人心的重大事件应该是设在瑞士日内瓦的欧洲核子中心(CERN)新建成的大型强子对撞机(LHC)了.     

替代微分形式的雅可比热力学变换式(英文)

结合雅可比行列式和热力学变量的特性 ,率先导出了三个极为重要的雅可比热力学变换式 ,除 (12 )式外 ,其余尚未见报道 .雅可比热力学变换的重要意义不仅体现在它为我们提供了一种证明难题的便利工具 ,而且还体现在其揭示了热力学变量间的内在联系 ,或预告某热力学量随其它热力学量变化的情况 ,显然此用微分法往往难以实现     

不同精制方法对四逆散中4种有效成分含量的影响

采用醇沉、陶瓷膜超滤、大孔树脂吸附3种方法精制四逆散水提液,以4种有效成分保留率等为指标,对各方法精制效果进行对比.超滤法对柴胡皂苷a(87.29%)保留效果较好,醇沉法保留芍药苷(85.04%)和柚皮苷(93.52%)优势明显,大孔树脂吸附法则能很好地保留柴胡皂苷a(88.14%)和柚皮苷(85.57%),同时此法可以显著降低固形物得率,各有效成分在精制物中含量较高.在四逆散精制方法研究过程中应该全面考虑各类有效成分含量的变化.     

在Hep G2细胞中利用siRNA沉默GFP基因的实验探讨

目的:通过探讨小分子双链RNA(siRNA)通过RNA干扰(RNAi)机制沉默肝癌细胞株Hep G2荧光素报告基因GFP的各项生物学指标,为进一步实验和临床研究提供依据.方法:通过体外实验,对siRNA和siRNA脂质体的稳定性和细胞毒性进行评估;通过荧光标记技术,研究不同时间siRNA脂质体的转染效率;通过荧光显微镜下观察转染细胞和RT-PCR检测靶基因mRNA表达,确定不同种类、形式、剂量的siRNA对靶基因的沉默效能.结果:在空白培养液中,siRNA和siRNA脂质体可稳定至4h,在5%血清中2～4h后明显降解;100nM的siRNA和siRNA脂质体无明显细胞毒性;siRNA脂质体转染细胞株的效率随时间不同而不同,4h可达90%;非特异性siRNA/脂质体无沉默靶基因表达作用,特异性siRNA/脂质体对靶基因的沉默作用在一定范围内随剂量升高(20nM、50nM、100nM)而升高.结论:siRNA的稳定性可满足实验需要,且无明显细胞毒性,特异性siRNA转染肝癌细胞株能有效抑制靶基因表达,用脂质体转染可提高转染效率.siRNA通过RNAi机制沉默靶基因表达,为肿瘤的治疗和基础研究提供了新的工具和思路.