Experimental study of heat transfer of ultra-supercritical pressure water in vertical upward internally ribbed tube

Under ultra-supercritical pressure, the heat transfer characteristics of water in vertical upward 4-head internally ribbed tubes with a diameter of 28.65mm and thickness of 8mm were experimentally studied. The experiments were performed at P=25～34MPa, G=450～1800kg/(m2·s) and q=200～600kW/m2. The results show that the pressure has only a moderate effect on the heat transfer of ultra-supercritical water when the water temperature is below the pseudocritical point. Sharp rise of the wall temperature near the pesudocritical region occurs earlier at a higher pressure. Increasing the mass velocity improves the heat transfer with a much stronger effect below the pesudocritical point than that above the pesudocritical point. For given pressure and mass velocity, the inner wall heat flux also shows a significant effect on the inner wall temperature, with a higher inner wall heat flux leading to a higher inner wall temperature. Increasing of inner wall heat flux leads to an early occurrence of sharp rise of the wall temperature. Correlations of heat transfer coefficients are also presented for vertical upward internally ribbed tubes.     

A combination of leaf rust resistance gene Lr34 and lesion mimic gene lm significantly enhances adult plant resistance to Puccinia triticina in wheat

Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is an economically-important disease in wheat worldwide.A combination of different types of resistance genes may significantly enhance rust resistance under rust-favorable conditions.To investigate the interactions between the rust resistance gene Lr34 and the lesion mimic gene lm on 1BL in Ning 7840,a segregating F8-10 population of 180 recombinant inbred lines was developed from Ning 7840/Chokwang and evaluated for both lesion mimic expression and leaf rust response at the adult plant stage in a greenhouse.A major quantitative trait locus(QTL),derived from Sumai 3,was co-localized with Lr34 on chromosome 7D and explained 41.5% of phenotypic variations for rust severity and 22.1% for leaf tip necrosis(LTN).The presence of Lr34 was confirmed by Lr34-specific markers cssfr1 and cssfr2 in Ning 7840 and Sumai 3.Unlike Lr34,lm conditioned a spontaneous lesion mimic phenotype and had a significant effect on reducing uredinial size,and a smaller effect on severity.Additive effects were observed between lm and Lr34 for severity and LTN,and an epistatic effect was observed for infection type.Single marker analysis also identified several other QTL with minor effects on severity,infection type,or LTN.     

大口径塑料管的性能及应用概述

文章对各种大口径塑料管道的发展动态、种类、工艺性能、特点及应用进行了分析和探讨.     

Medical entity and attributes extraction system based on relation annotation

The abundant entities and entity-attribute relations in medical websites are important data resources for medical research. However, the medical websites are usually characterized of storing entity and attribute values in different pages. To extract those data records efficiently, we propose an automatic extraction system which is related to entity and attribute relations (attributes and values) of separate storage. Our system includes following modules: (1) rich-information interactive annotation page rendering; (2) separate storage attribute relations annotating; (3) annotated relations for pattern generating and data records extracting. This paper presents the relations about the attributes which are stored in many pages by effective annotation, then generates rules for data records extraction. The experiments show that the system can not only complete attribute relations of separate storage extraction, but also be compatible with regular relation extraction, while maintaining high accuracy.     

综合集成方法与专家挖掘

我们面临的一些科学和实际问题越来越复杂需要运用各种知识的综合和技术的集成,其中知识的综合尤其是将专家的活的经验和智慧挖出来更是人们所关注的.数据挖掘、文本挖掘和网上挖掘能依靠计算机和一些人工智能方法可以从大量数据、文本和网上信息中找出一些有用的规则和知识,但是对于样本较少、知识隐含的活的专家经验如何去挖掘就是专家挖掘要研究的内容.作者及其同事们在近10年的研究中形成了一些概念、方法,并在一些社会问题、中医专家经验传承等进行了应用和探索.     

尖端创新神经技术脑研究计划:美国脑研究计划评介

正作为神经科学研究超级大国的美国,正拟启动尖端创新神经技术脑研究计划。该计划此前称作脑活动图计划,已经过一年多的筹备性论证。计划的主要目标是,通过包括纳米技术在内的一系列技术创新,全面构造神经活动图谱,以求在神经-精神疾病诊治及智能机开发上取得突破。围绕计划目标之可行性存在大量争鸣。     

周期可调谐金属光栅的制备工艺研究

介绍了一种制备金属可调谐光栅的新技术。首先采用紫外光刻技术将光栅结构制作至PDMS（聚二甲基硅氧烷）基底，并在其上蒸镀金属Cr层和Ag层，然后采取金属举离工艺得到金属光栅。利用PDMS高弹性的特点，通过控制PDMS纵、横向拉伸程度，对金属光栅周期进行连续、任意调谐，获得预定的目标周期。实验结果表明，金属光栅调谐范围超过其初始周期的100%。     

Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in the processes of polluted source water treatment

Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) is currently considered to be one of the most important issues in drinking water field due to its formation of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts. This paper deals with DON concentrations in typical processes of a water treatment plant. The results show that very little DON is removed by these processes. Furthermore, biological activity in some processes can even increase DON concentration and decrease the ratio of dissolved organic carbon/DON, which may pose a risk to drinking water safety.     

A security patch for a three-party key exchange protocol

The CLC protocol (proposed by Tzung-Her Chen, Wei-Bin Lee and Hsing-Bai Chen, CLC, for short) is a new three-party password-authenticated key exchange (3PAKE) protocol. This CLC protocol provides a superior round efficiency (only three rounds), and its resources required for computation are relatively few. However, we find that the leakage of values A _V and B _V in the CLC protocol will make a man-in-the-middle attack feasible in practice, where A _V and B _V are the authentication information chosen by the server for the participants A and B. In this paper, we describe our attack on the CLC protocol and further present a modified 3PAKE protocol, which is essentially an improved CLC protocol. Our protocol can resist attacks available, including man-in-the-middle attack we mount on the initial CLC protocol. Meanwhile, we allow that the participants choose their own passwords by themselves, thus avoiding the danger that the server is controlled in the initialization phase. Also, the computational cost of our protocol is lower than that of the CLC protocol.     

一种新的结构简单的大口径全息平面干涉仪

本文提出了一种结构十分简单的大口径全息平面干涉仪,理论与实验证明利用全息图的位相误差补偿作用制成大口径的全息平面干涉仪是完全可行的。