开关电源的电压波形及其参数分析

开关电源已是当今二次电源的主要发展方向,在开关电源的分析与设计中,对开关工作时所形成的电压波形及其参数的分析是致关重要的。为了分析开关电源的工作特性,研究了开关电源的电路模型及电压波形的形成过程,针对分析开关电源的电压波形及其参数,提出了一套“辅助补偿”算法。基于这套算法,对开关电源的电压波形及其参数进行了理论分析和计算机仿真。仿真结果表明了这套算法的可行性和先进性。     

Simultaneously catalytic removal of NO<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript> and particulate matter on diesel particulate filter

Diesel engines combine a high fuel economy with high durability and low maintenance costs and are, there-fore, used on a large scale for transportation purposes.However, the environmental pollution by diesel-engine exhausts has become more and more serious in the lastdecade, and currently the regulation of diesel emissions becomes tightened especially with respect to nitrogen ox-ides (NOx) and particulate matters (PM). Since the reduc-tion of both NOx and PM to the admitted level cannot be …     

Is the PhyloCode better than Linnaean system?—— New development and debate on biologi-cal nomenclatural issues

The Linnaean system provides ultimate means governing biological nomenclature and classification.With series of modification,this system has admirably served biological sciences for some 250 years.The new PhyloCode,however,advocates the phylogenetic nomenclature that radically alternates the current nomenclatureal rules.The new proposals upset many systematic biologists and have provoked hot debate on nomenclatural issues.Binomial nomenclature and hierarchical classification are the key components of the Linnaean system.Proposed abandonment of these in the PhyloCode is widely criticized for it would not help to promote systematics but create chaos.It is not the Linnaean system but the phylogenetic nomenclature that should be abandoned.     

Modulation of presynaptic nAChRs on postsynaptic GABA receptor in optic tectum of juvenile<Emphasis Type="Italic">Xenopus</Emphasis>

Using the blind patch-clamp technique with the whole-cell mode,we have studied the modulation presynaptic receptor on postsynaptic γ-raminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor measuring miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs)in optic tectum of Xenopus during critical peroid.It was demonstrated that compared with mature neurons,mIPSCs recorded from immature neurons had smaller amplitude and longer decay time.mIPSCs are mediated by GABAa receptor.The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists(carbachol,cytisine,nicotine,DMPP and so on) could increase the frequency of mIPSCs.The enhancement of mIPSCs frequency induced by nAChR agonists was calcium-dependent.However,the choline,a product of hydrolyzed acetylcholine,could not increase the frequency of mIPSCs.DH-β-E,a competitive antagonist of nAChR,blocked the increase of mIPSCs frequency induced by carbachol.Mecamyllamine,an α3β4 subtype of nAChR antagonist,also blocked the carbachol-induced enhancement of mIPSCs.On the other hand,MLA,α7 subtype of nAChR antagonist,had no effect on it .Thus,it seems that nAChR could presynaptically modulate the mIPSCs and α3β4 subtype of nAChR might be involved.But α7 nAChR subtype of nAChR would not be involved.The modulation is calcium-dependent.Meanwhile,we found that Ca^2 -free solution could elicit giant PSCs.The frequency of mIPSCs also is related with the level of HP.     

Fuzzy cluster analysis of the provenance of ancient Yaozhou porcelain body

The technique of neutron activation analysis (NAA) has been employed to measure the content of 29 kinds of elements in the sample of Yaozhou porcelain bodies,Then a fuzzy cluster analsis has been conducted to the NAA data and a diagram of the dynamic fuzzy cluster analysis has been achived,The results indicate that the batch of ancient Yaozhou porcelain bodies,which were of different overglaze color and were produced by different kilns during a period of over 800 years from the Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.) to the Yuan Dyansty(1271-1368 A.D.) ,has shared a stable and concentrated raw material source,Provenances of porcelain bodies from different times ,though having their specific independence ,enjoy a close relationship and are not far from one another,Provenances of porcelain bodies made during the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties (907-960 A.D.)are found to be closer to one another,while those of the Song (960-1279A.D.) and the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234 A.D.)are comparatively concentrated in certain areas and are different from those of the Tang Dynasty .Both the tri-colored glazed pottery made in Yaozhou kilns during the Tang Dynasty and the Yaozhou porcelain bodies of the Tang period are from the same provenance.     

Construction of ice nucleation active <Emphasis Type="Italic">Enterobacter cloacae</Emphasis> for control of insect pests

Ice nucleation active(INA)bacteria are the most potent heterogeneous ice nuclei in nature,which have become an important biological resource for diverse applications.Many researches have proved that INA bacteria can raise the supercooling points(SCPs)of insect pests,then reduce their cold hardiness.However,INA bacteria‘s inefficient colonization on the surface or in the guts of insects,and the high incidence of frost injury induced by their release hampered the application of INA bacteria in controlling insect pests in agricultural fields.In this study,we constructed a recombinant plasmid mob-Tn5-iceA with the ability of broad-host-range conjugal mobilization and integration of the ina gene of icaA into chromosomal DNA of many gram-negative bacteria by Tn5 transposition.In addition,Ent.cloacae strains stably carrying iceA and expressing high ice nucleation activity(INA),even in the absence of antibiotic pressure,were constructed through conjugal mobilization and Tn5 transposition.Ent,cloacae strains have benn reported to be able to efficently colonize in the guts of insects,but have weak plant epiphytic ability.Therefore,these transgenic Ent.Cloacae may be promising candidates for control of insect pests in agricultural fields.     

Pre-selecting young bulls before progeny-testing with marker-assisted BLUP

Suppose that a QTL affecting milk production trait or dairy cattle has been identified,and the relative distances between the QTL and the markers are hnown without error.The relative efficiency of pre-selection of young bulls before progeny-testing with marker-assisted BLUP(MBLUP) over conventional progeny-testing(i.e.random selection before progeny-testing)for five generations was studied using Monte Carlo simulation.Different numbers of QTL alleles(two or infinite),initial frequencies of the favorable QTL allele(0.1 and 0.5,when the QTL has two alleles),distances between the adjacent markers(5 cM or 20 cM),and ratios of the QTL variance to the genetic variance(10%,25%,and 50%)were considered in the simulation.The results showed that the relative efficiency of MBLUP was higher when the marker distance was 5 cM than that when the distance was 20 cM.The larger the QTL alleic effect,the lower the MBLUP efficiency.The relative superiority of MBLUP was higher when the QTL had two alleles and the frequency of the favorable QTL allele was low in the base population.The relative superiority of MBLUP decreased with th progress of generation in all cases and the decreasing rate was getting higher with the increase of marker density and QTL effect.     

Topography of acoustic response characteristics in the midbrain inferior colliculus of Kunming mouse

Topography of acoustic response characteristics of the midbrain inferior colliculus(IC)of the Kunming mouse was studied by using extracellular recording techniques.The characteristic frequency(CF)range represented in the different divisions of the IC differed markedly:4-15 kHz in the dorsal cortex(DC),10-70 kHz in the central nucleus(CN),and 4-35kHz in the external cortex(EC).The CF in the CN increased from dorsal and lateral to ventral and medial,higher CFs represented at its ventromedial part and lower CFs at its dorsal part.The isofrequency contours of CFs were incurvate.Minimum thresholds(MT)of the auditory neurons in DC and the central part of CN were lower(about 10dB SPL),but considerably higher in the dorsal and ventral region of EC.Results suggest that each of the divisions in the mouse IC may have different auditory functions.