PRELIMINARY STUDY ON RETRO-REFLECTIVE COATED PAPER BASED ON MICROGLASS BEADS

INTRODUCTIONThe micro-glass bead[1-2] is a new kind of silicate material, with good properties of chemical stability, mechanical strength as well as electro-resistance. When its diameter is below 0.08mm and the reflective index is in the range of 1.9~2.1, retro-reflective characteristics can be achieved. When a beam of ray from any direction irradiates the surface of the micro-glass beads, it can be converged at the special reflective layer consisted of focuses of micro-glass beads, owing …     

语言判断矩阵的一致性及相关问题研究

研究了语言判断矩阵的一致性及基于语言判断矩阵的方案排序问题.在给出语言判断矩阵有关概念的基础上,通过对有序语言短语集中的有序语言短语进行"量化",给出了语言间相互作用的运算定义,探讨了语言短语及语言判断矩阵的基本性质,进一步从理论上提出了语言判断矩阵完全一致性和满意一致性的概念;为了方便检验语言判断矩阵的一致性,通过引入导出矩阵的概念将语言判断矩阵转化为数量矩阵,并提出了语言判断矩阵完全一致性、满意一致性的简便的判定方法;针对基于语言判断矩阵的方案排序问题,根据导出矩阵的性质通过求解最大特征根,给出了一种简便的方案排序方法;最后通过两个算例说明了本文给出的一致性判定方法和方案排序方法.     

Newton's Easy Quadratures ``Omitted for the Sake of Brevity'

In the 1687 Principia, Newton gave a solution to the direct problem (given the orbit and center of force, find the central force) for a conic-section with a focal center of force (answer: a reciprocal square force) and for a spiral orbit with a polar center of force (answer: a reciprocal cube force). He did not, however, give solutions for the two corresponding inverse problems (given the force and center of force, find the orbit). He gave a cryptic solution to the inverse problem of a reciprocal cube force, but offered no solution for the reciprocal square force. Some take this omission as an indication that Newton could not solve the reciprocal square, for, they ask, why else would he not select this important problem? Others claim that ``it is child's play' for him, as evidenced by his 1671 catalogue of quadratures (tables of integrals). The answer to that question is obscured for all who attempt to work through Newton's published solution of the reciprocal cube force because it is done in the synthetic geometric style of the 1687 Principia rather than in the analytic algebraic style that Newton employed until 1671. In response to a request from David Gregory in 1694, however, Newton produced an analytic version of the body of the proof, but one which still had a geometric conclusion. Newton's charge is to find both ``the orbit' and ``the time in orbit.' In the determination of the dependence of the time on orbital position, t(r), Newton evaluated an integral of the form ∫dx/x <sup>n</sup> to calculate a finite algebraic equation for the area swept out as a function of the radius, but he did not write out the analytic expression for time t = t(r), even though he knew that the time t is proportional to that area. In the determination of the orbit, θ (r), Newton obtained an integral of the form ∫dx/√(1−x<sup>2</sup>) for the area that is proportional to the angle θ, an integral he had shown in his 1669 On Analysis by Infinite Equations to be equal to the arcsin(x). Since the solution must therefore contain a transcendental function, he knew that a finite algebraic solution for θ=θ(r) did not exist for ``the orbit' as it had for ``the time in orbit.' In contrast to these two solutions for the inverse cube force, however, it is not possible in the inverse square solution to generate a finite algebraic expression for either ``the orbit' or ``the time in orbit.' In fact, in Lemma 28, Newton offers a demonstration that the area of an ellipse cannot be given by a finite equation. I claim that the limitation of Lemma 28 forces Newton to reject the inverse square force as an example and to choose instead the reciprocal cube force as his example in Proposition 41. (Received August 14, 2002) Published online March 26, 2003 Communicated by G. Smith     

变系数Helmholtz方程本征值问题差分近似的六阶校正法

给出了变系数Helmholtz方程的六阶高精度校正法。此校正过程几乎不增加工作量，而校正后精度比未校正提高了四阶，并能提供后验误差估计。同时，对于常系数Helmholtz方程，给出了八阶校正格式。     

A ROBUST DECOMPOSITION OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING USING A GOAL-PARTITIONING METHOD

The Dantzig/Wolfe linear programming decomposition algorithm has had important economicinterpretations as well as a widespread impact on solving large scale linear programming problem.Inthis paper we consider a similar underlying structure,where however there is only one couplinginequality or equation.With this simplification,we demonstrate how to achieve an equitable partitionof the overall coupling resource to individual subproblem constraints through a simple iterationprocedure which appears to be very efficient.     

化学问题解决的“信息加工”策略

本文借鉴现代认知心理学的某些观点，结合例证阐述了复杂化学问题解决的“信息加工”策略：信息简约、信息类比、信息引伸、信息转换、信息评价等等．     

算子子空间的D_σ~(n)(r)性质的一个充分条件

给出了一个确定算子子空间具有性质D_σ~(n)(r)的方法。     

基于AHP的运输船舶多目标模糊综合评判

在简要分析了 AHP和模糊综合评判两种系统评价方法特点的基础上 ,把两种方法组合起来 ,并将其应用于运输船舶的性能综合评价 .结论证明该方法兼具两种方法的优点 ,而且是简便易行的.     

基于截断正态概率模型的改进目标跟踪算法

在应用NIFPAT算法对机动目标跟踪时存在计算量大和要求网络训练两个弱点。分析了截断正态概率模型和NIFPAT算法后 ,把截断正态概率模型与NIFPAT算法思想相结合 ,提出了基于截断正态概率模型的改进目标跟踪算法。该算法根据目标机动情况自动调整系统方差 ,在附加较小计算量的情况下 ,能取得较好的跟踪效果。仿真实验表明 ,该算法能有效地提高对机动目标的跟踪精度。     

STABILITY CRITERIA FOR A CLASS OF UNCERTAINSYSTEMS WITH TIME—DELAY

Some stability criteria are obtained for a class of uncertain systems with time-delay usingLyapunov functional and analytic techniques. It is easy to check the criteria by making use of theboundedness of the uncertainties.