热-力耦合作用下花岗岩蠕变损伤模型

热-力耦合作用下的岩石蠕变行为对深部地下工程、高放射性废料处置工程影响显著。基于20～300℃下的花岗岩蠕变试验,分析温度对瞬时应变和蠕变应变速率的影响,由此认为温度对花岗岩瞬时弹性模量造成瞬时损伤并促进后续蠕变损伤过程,从而定义瞬时、蠕变热损伤变量。构建广义Kelvin热损伤模型和黏塑性热损伤元件,采用Heard指数型模型描述花岗岩稳态蠕变行为,串联后得到一个新的热-力耦合作用下的花岗岩蠕变损伤模型。给出模型参数求解方法,分析瞬时、蠕变热损伤变量变化规律,通过辨识三种花岗岩的蠕变试验数据,验证所建模型的合理性和适用性。研究成果为热-力耦合作用下花岗岩蠕变行为模拟及深部地下工程、高放射性废料处置工程长期稳定性研究提供一定参考。     

考虑压裂液流体特征的井筒多相流模型建立

针对页岩气井流体与常规气井流体的差异,基于页岩气井流体特征实验,对压裂液黏度、密度及表面张力与温度的变化关系进行研究。依据实验结果进行拟合得到返排液各物性的相关式,对常用压降模型及井筒温度预测模型进行修正并联立得到页岩气井筒温度压力耦合模型。利用F页岩气田气井真实数据进行实例计算,分析表明修正后的Gray模型精确度最高,验证了新温度压力耦合模型的科学性与合理性。     

摇摆钢支撑快速建筑信息模型建模技术及其Revit模块开发

近年来,由于政府引导和行业需求,建筑信息模型(building information modeling, BIM)技术及应用迅猛发展,已取得了良好的社会和经济效益。为了进一步拓展BIM在土木工程新技术中的应用,针对新型摇摆钢支撑,基于Revit平台开发了快速建模功能模块。首先,梳理了Revit软件平台二次开发的基本方式,确定了模块开发所用技术,提出了摇摆钢支撑快速建模功能模块开发的整体架构。随后,利用C#语言作为程序开发基础语言,针对新型摇摆钢支撑的各个部件,分别开发了相应的子模块,并介绍了各自的功能和实现路径,集成了摇摆钢支撑快速建模功能模块。最后,以某小学教学楼抗震加固项目为例,实现了新型摇摆钢支撑的BIM快速建模,从而在既有建筑模型的基础上形成了三维可视、信息共享的建筑模型,为新型摇摆结构加固既有建筑的BIM建模提供了新的方法。研究结果提升了摇摆钢支撑在BIM软件中的建模效率,拓展了BIM在土木工程新技术上的应用。     

Melatonin as a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant: one of evolution’s best ideas

Melatonin is an ancient antioxidant. After its initial development in bacteria, it has been retained throughout evolution such that it may be or may have been present in every species that have existed. Even though it has been maintained throughout evolution during the diversification of species, melatonin’s chemical structure has never changed; thus, the melatonin present in currently living humans is identical to that present in cyanobacteria that have existed on Earth for billions of years. Melatonin in the systemic circulation of mammals quickly disappears from the blood presumably due to its uptake by cells, particularly when they are under high oxidative stress conditions. The measurement of the subcellular distribution of melatonin has shown that the concentration of this indole in the mitochondria greatly exceeds that in the blood. Melatonin presumably enters mitochondria through oligopeptide transporters, PEPT1, and PEPT2. Thus, melatonin is specifically targeted to the mitochondria where it seems to function as an apex antioxidant. In addition to being taken up from the circulation, melatonin may be produced in the mitochondria as well. During evolution, mitochondria likely originated when melatonin-forming bacteria were engulfed as food by ancestral prokaryotes. Over time, engulfed bacteria evolved into mitochondria; this is known as the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of mitochondria. When they did so, the mitochondria retained the ability to synthesize melatonin. Thus, melatonin is not only taken up by mitochondria but these organelles, in addition to many other functions, also probably produce melatonin as well. Melatonin’s high concentrations and multiple actions as an antioxidant provide potent antioxidant protection to these organelles which are exposed to abundant free radicals.     

板桥凹陷原油分类及成因分析

为更准确地对板桥凹陷地区的原油进行精细的分类和成因研究,在板桥凹陷板桥断裂带及周边的大中旺地区和塘沽新港潜山断裂带的主要产油层选取了17个原油样品,综合采用多种地球化学手段,将板桥凹陷原油进行分类并分析了各类原油的油源和成因。认为板桥凹陷主要发育了4类原油:B-1类原油为来自于沙三段烃源岩高成熟的凝析油;B-2类原油为主要来源于沙一下段烃源岩的正常成熟度的原油;B-3类原油为沙三段正常成熟度的原油;B-4类为该区典型的生物降解油,油源以沙三段烃源岩为主。     

一类投资模型的能控性

讨论了一类固定资产投资模型,证明了系统的解的存在唯一性,给出系统能控的充分必要条件。     

霰弹膛口问题高速摄影实验研究

通过膛口高速摄影方法研究１２ 号口径７ 号半霰弹从全喉缩与无喉缩２ 种膛口射出后弹子及弹托的飞行状态,结果表明,霰弹的初速约为５００ ｍ／ｓ,弹子飞出膛口后,随着弹子飞离枪口距离的增大,弹子间逐渐散开,且沿飞行方向的散开程度远大于沿侧向的散开程度。对相同密度与质量的射弹,膛口锥度愈大,弹托对弹子散布的影响就愈大。     

导叶开口对混流水轮机尾水管压力脉动的影响

将水压力脉动测试、流场测试以及初生空化观测等实测结果进行对比分析,研究水轮机活动导叶开口的变化对尾水管水压力脉动的影响,为进一步研究并建立尾水管水压力脉动数学模型提供依据     

潜水器动力舱振动与声辐射

基于壳体水弹性理论,探讨了潜水器动力舱振动与声辐射建模及分析方法,并对常用潜水器动力舱振动和声辐射进行了分析．结果表明,该舱振动复杂,模态密度大,难于避开动力源工作频率;其频率响应峰值集中在中低频段,响应大小与激振频率和激振方向有关;阻尼对频率响应影响较大,敷设阻尼材料降噪效果显著．     

发酵法生产透明质酸菌种的选育

用物理方法紫外线、γ射线及辅助磁场筛选、诱变兽疫链球菌,研究获得性状优良、产量相对稳定的透明质酸高产菌种,透明质酸产量可稳定在３～５ｇ／Ｌ。