胁迫与植物细胞壁关系研究进展

概述水分亏缺,重金属和营养缺乏等对植物所产生的胁迫表现及其与细胞壁伸展生长,细胞壁中某些主要成分如过氧化物酶和松弛酶等变化关系的研究成果,多种胁迫对植物细胞壁的影响主要表现在对细胞壁结构完整性的影响,细胞壁酶影响细胞壁多聚体的网络形成和解聚,细胞壁结构的生化修饰与基因表达有关,认为研究植物在胁迫下的生长受抑机制和耐性机制有助于常规育种,应用遗传工程,细胞工程等创造 出不同细胞壁结构的遗传突变体将是今后努力的方向。     

基于粒子群优化支持向量机康复下肢外骨骼的脑电控制研究

为解决失能人群自主移动的问题,脑机接口(brain computer interface, BCI)已广泛应用于外骨骼领域,但脑电(electroencephalogram, EEG)信号因信噪比低等原因导致识别率一直难以提高。为提高基于脑机接口下肢外骨骼的信号识别率,采用粒子群优化支持向量机(particle swarm optimization-support vector machine, PSO-SVM)算法提高脑电信号识别率,取得了86.52%的脑电信号识别率。首先建立共空间模式(common spatial pattern, CSP)数学模型对脑电信号进行特征提取,随后建立基于粒子群优化的支持向量机分类模型,优化脑电信号分类关键参数,将最终的实验数据与传统的支持向量机分类方法比较,最后进行算法的验证及下肢外骨骼实验。实验结果表明：经过粒子群优化的支持向量机分类准确明显高于传统支持向量机分类。所提出粒子群优化支持向量机对脑电信号的特征识别方法可实现运动想象(motor imagery, MI)的精确识别,为脑机接口技术在康复外骨骼领域的应用提供理论基础和技术支持。     

Synthesis process of Ba-ferrites from α-FeOOH and γ-FeOOH and investigation of magnetic properties

The claviform BaFe₁₂O₁₉ crystals were synthesized by the precipitation-toptactic reaction method using α-FeOOH and γ-FeOOH as raw materials respectively. The synthesis processes of BaFe₁₂O₁₉, studied by XRD, SEM, EDS, FT-IR, and TG-DTA techniques, included preparations of precursor γ and precursor α, formations of α-Fe₂O₃ and BaFe₂O₄, and production of rod-like BaFe₁₂O₁₉ through dehydroxylation of pod-like FeOOH, followed by reactions of α-Fe₂O₃ with BaCO₃ and BaFe₂O₄. The crystallinity of α-Fe₂O₃ and BaCO₃ from precursor α was better than from precursor γ due to the direct dehydroxylation of α-FeOOH, resulting in a lower nucleation rate and better crystallinity of BaFe₂O₄. BaFe₁₂O₁₉ prepared from precursor α showed lower crystallinity and purity with a higher length-diameter ratio than from precursor γ. The VSM results proved that the appearance of final products had an important influence on magnetic properties.     

森林资源规划设计调查中SPOT5遥感数据处理方法探讨

目前,多光谱、高空间分辨率的SPOT5卫星遥感数据被广泛应用到森林资源规划设计调查中。卫星遥感数据处理是遥感调查的基础,直接影响到调查成果质量。介绍了SPOT5遥感数据的特点,并根据森林资源调查的需要,从遥感数据的正射校正、数据融合和数据增强处理等方面进行了探讨,并分析了校正精度和融合方法。     

超声强化亚临界CO2萃取的动力学模型及机理

为了研究超声强化亚临界CO2萃取的机理,说明超声对亚临界CO2萃取的传质强化效果,借助萃取动力学模型对实验数据进行了拟合,并通过超声空化阈值的理论计算,得到亚临界CO2的空化阈值随温度和压力的变化,同时结合超声空化的验证实验,探讨了超声在亚临界CO2中的空化情况.结果表明:动力学方程能够较好地拟合萃取实验结果,模型方程中有无超声的E∞和k值的差异也证实了超声对亚临界CO2萃取有明显的传质强化效果;相对较高的温度和较低的压力更有利于超声空化效应的产生;亚临界CO2在理论计算不可能出现超声空化的条件下同样存在空化效应,此现象尚无合理的解释;超声强化亚临界CO2萃取的机理包括空化效应和强化传质.     

基于回归分析视频中太阳影子时空定位的研究

针对阳光下物体影子变化的过程,分析时序数据确立特定物体所在地。运用三角函数关系与太阳高度角决定公式确立影长决定公式,最小二乘法确立影长变化函数,日期时间已知时使用正午太阳高度角与逆推影长决定公式得特定物体所在地的经度和纬度,仅时间已知使引入半昼长计算公式与简便正午太阳高度角计算公式联立,得到经纬度推算出日期,最后处理视频得到影长变化数据再计算如前,通过视频中特定物体影长的变化确立视频拍摄日期与地点。     

从三峡工程建设谈我国当前 的企业创新工作

企业创新是建立创新型国家的根本要求。三峡工程建设者通过集成创新、引进消化吸收再创新和 原始创新,实现了在大坝混凝土快速施工技术、７０万kW水轮机水力设计安装制造、双线五级船闸高边坡稳定 支护等１００多项关键技术的重大突破。但当前我国的大多数企业存在着技术引进消化吸收率低、自主知识产 权少、研发投入不足等严重制约创新的突出问题。为实现到２０２０年建设创新型国家的目标,我国企业需要在 挖掘自主创新能力、加强创新队伍建设等六个方面去培育和提高企业的创新能力。     

高速铁路运行引发的低频振动的隔振分析

针对传统隔振方法对低频振动无法取得较好效果的问题,分析了波阻块( WIB)和蜂窝形波阻块( HWIB)对高速铁路引发的低频振动的隔振效果.首先建立了列车-路基的数值计算模型,将列车荷载简化为沿路基向前的移动荷载列,并采用基于拉格朗日算法的有限差分软件计算了埋设WIB和HWIB前后场地土的振动情况,最后与空沟的隔振效果进...     

Coral reef ecosystems in the South China Sea as a source of atmospheric CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> in summer

Field measurements of air-sea CO2 exchange in three coral reef areas of the South China Sea (i.e. the Yongshu Reef atoll of the Nansha Islands, southern South China Sea (SCS); Yongxing Island of Xisha Islands, north-central SCS; and Luhuitou Fringing Reef in Sanya of Hainan Island, northern SCS) during the summers of 2008 and 2009 revealed that both air and surface seawater partial pressures of CO2 (pCO2) showed regular diurnal cycles. Minimum values occurred in the evening and maximum values in the morning. Air pCO2 in each of the three study areas showed small diurnal variations, while large diurnal variations were ob-served in seawater pCO2. The diurnal variation amplitude of seawater pCO2 was ~70 μmol mol–1 at the Yongshu Reef lagoon, 420–619 μmol mol–1 on the Yongxing Island reef flat, and 264–579 μmol mol–1 on the reef flat of the Luhuitou Fringing Reef, and 324–492 μmol mol–1 in an adjacent area just outside of this fringing reef. With respect to spatial relations, there were large differences in air-sea CO2 flux across the South China Sea (e.g. ~0.4 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Yongshu Reef, ~4.7 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Yongxing Island, and ~9.8 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Luhuitou Fringing Reef). However, these positive values suggest that coral reef ecosystems of the SCS may be a net source of CO2 to the atmosphere. Additional analyses indicated that diurnal variations of surface seawater pCO2 in the shallow water reef flat are controlled mainly by biological metabolic processes, while those of deeper water lagoons and outer reef areas are regulated by both biological metabolism and hydrodynamic factors. Unlike the open ocean, inorganic metabolism plays a significant role in influencing seawater pCO2 variations in coral reef ecosystems.