海南岛万泉河口沉积环境演变

根据对柱样沉积物²¹⁰Pb定年及有机碳、硫和有机碳同位素含量分析, 研究万泉河口沉积环境演变. 硫和δ¹³C均自19世纪初期开始持续减少, 硫从1.92%逐渐减少到0.36%, δ¹³C从−20.63‰减少到−23.64‰. C/S比在20世纪之前一直很稳定, 处于0.47~0.80之间, 有机碳与硫呈正相关; 在此之后, C/S比急剧增加, 至表层为3.94, 硫的含量与有机碳的增加没有相关关系. 结果表明在19世纪之前万泉河口尚为开阔的海湾, 处于正常海洋环境,未形成被沙坝围封的泻湖, 海水能够直接出入. 19世纪初期开始, 随着玉带滩沙坝向北发育, 河口逐渐被围拦成泻湖型, 进入的海水量逐渐减少; 在19与20世纪之交, 水体已开始明显淡化, 发展成为今天近乎淡水的泻湖.     

烟草过氧化物酶Ⅰ的分离纯化及部分光谱特性研究

烟草过氧化物酶同工酶Ⅰ (TOPⅠ )的分离纯化过程 ,主要包括匀浆、超声破碎、过滤、(NH4) 2 SO4分级沉淀、DE 5 2纤维素阴离子交换层析、SephadexG 75凝胶层析、DEAE SephadexA 5 0阴离子交换层析 .经纯化的TOPⅠ ,纯化酶的比活力为 482 6U/mg ,在SDS PAGE上显示出一条蛋白带 ,分子量在 2 1 0 0 0左右 ,基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱 (MALDI$CTOF MS)测得TOPⅠ分子量为 2 1 888.5 ,等电点pI为 3.5 ;光谱学分析揭示 ,在 40 2nm处有一典型的Soret带 ,在 498nm和 636nm处有特征吸收峰 ,表明TOPⅠ为一含血红素的酸性蛋白酶 .酸度对TOPI的在紫外可见区的特征吸收峰及荧光光谱均产生一定的影响 ,反映了TOPⅠ分子独特的光谱学特性     

Differential effects of the serotonin receptors on cultured rat cerebral cortical neurons

Effects of serotonin (5-HT) on cerebral cortical neurons were examined by patch clamp techniques. 5-HT produced a variety of responses such as outward (19/73 patches/neurons), slow inward (15/73 patches/neurons), fast inward (8/73 patches/neurons), and mixed currents (initially fast inward deflection followed by an outward response: 2/73 patches/neurons), with a latency of 12 sec, 15 sec, 0 sec, and 0 sec respectively, at a holding potential of −60 mV in whole-cell patches. The fast inward currents were again evoked by a selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist, 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide hydrochloride (CPBG). In the cell-attached patch clamp configuration, 5-HT inside the patch pipette elicited single channel currents with slope conductances of 42 pS and 132 pS (4/42 patches/neurons). CPBG inside the patch pipette evoked inward single channel currents with a lower slope conductance of 41 pS (3/23 patches/neurons). In contrast, application of 5-HT or a 5-HT₂ receptor agonist, α-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine-maleate, outside the patch pipette induced outward single channel currents with a major slope conductance of 140 pS (8/30 patches/neurons) or 135 pS (6/20 patches/neurons), respectively. These results indicate that the outward and fast inward currents may be mediated respectively by the 5-HT₂ receptor, which is coupled to a G-protein, and by the 5-HT₃ receptor, which contains the non-selective cation channel, and that the mixed type may be caused by both the 5-HT₂ and 5-HT₃ receptors. Received 27 September 1996; received after revision 4 November 1996; accepted 7 November 1996     

Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the binding of Merocyanine 540 to human erythrocytes

The fluorescent dye Merocyanine 540 (MC540) is often used as a probe to monitor the molecular packing of phospholipids in the outer leaflet of biomembranes. In a previous study we showed that the increased staining of erythrocytes with a perturbed membrane structure was mainly due to an increase in the fluorescence yield of cell-bound MC540, rather than to an increase of the number of bound molecules. Erythrocytes and ghosts exposed to continuous fluxes of H₂O₂ exhibited pronounced lipid peroxidation. Further, red blood cells subjected to this form of oxidative stress also showed increased staining with MC540. It appeared that this was caused by a strong increase in binding of MC540, together with a slight red shift of the fluorescence emission maximum and a small increase in the fluorescence yield of bound MC540. The changed MC540 binding characteristics were not observed when lipid peroxidation was suppressed by the presence of the antioxidant BHT in the incubation medium. However, open ghosts exposed to H₂O₂ showed no increase of MC540 binding, excluding a direct involvement of lipid peroxidation. Measurement of fluorescence emission spectra and gel filtration studies showed that MC540 can bind to H₂O₂-exposed hemoglobin. Experiments with erythrocytes lysed in hypotonic medium after exposure to H₂O₂ revealed that peroxidation of lipids with H₂O₂ induced a non-specific permeabilization of the plasma membrane to MC540, thereby allowing MC540 to bind to the oxidatively denatured, more hydrophobic hemoglobin. These results indicate that conclusions about packing of phospholipids in the outer leaflet of the membrane based on increased MC540-staining should be drawn with care. Received 27 September 1996; received after revision 5 November 1996; accepted 27 November 1996     

柴油无污染脱酸精制工艺研究

采用三组分溶剂对胜利柴油馏分进行了溶剂脱酸精制研究，考察了精制过程的最佳工艺条件．在剂油比为０．２５～０．３∶１、常压、温度为３０～５０℃的条件下，可将酸度小于１２０ｍｇＫＯＨ／１００ｍＬ的柴油，降至５ｍｇＫＯＨ／１００ｍＬ以下，达到优等品标准，且不影响馏分组成和闪点．萃取液在蒸发前可直接使用３～４次再去蒸发．直接回收得到的环烷酸酸值达１９０ｍｇＫＯＨ／ｇ左右，纯度达９０％以上     

Spectrum characteristics and pump wavelengths of Nd3+-doped double-clad fiber

Conclusion The optimum wavelength of Nd³⁺-doped double-clad fiber laser or amplifier made in China is near 830 nm. The efficiency of Nd³⁺-doped double-clad fiber devices pumped by 820-nm laser is low due to ESA. In order to increase the photochemical stability of the outer cladding, the material of the outer cladding must be advanced.     

高速弧齿锥齿轮动频计算

建立了旋转轮盘动力学模型，提出了基于刚度矩阵的离心刚度矩阵修正了模式下的动频求解有限元法，实现了弧齿锥齿传频的数值求解，数值计算与实测值基本一致且由算例得出结论，旋转效应对低阶模态，节径型振型影响较大，本算法对旋转轮盘类的动频计算具有通用性。