局部荷载作用下立井井壁破坏形式研究

针对立井井壁受局部荷载破坏问题,如因破壁注浆压力过大而导致的井壁破坏,采用有限元数值分析的技术手段,利用大型通用软件ANSYS建立了钢筋混凝土立井井壁的三维有限元模型,详细分析了其在局部荷载作用下应力、应变以及最终失稳形态,找出了其最先破坏位置以及破坏发展过程,指出了与均布荷载作用下破坏形式的不同,为实际工程中立井井壁加固位置的确定及破壁注浆极限压力的确定提供一定的理论依据。同时将ANSYS的屈曲分析应用到立井井壁极限承载力的分析中,避免了繁琐的理论解析过程,建立了一种能够迅速判断立井井壁在局部荷载作用下极限承载力的方法,可以为壁后注浆加固工程进行及时的指导,在现实工程中有着极为广阔的应用。     

基于匹配效率和计算精度提升的双目三维树干重建算法改进

针对基于双目立体视觉的自然树木枝干的三维重建过程中二维骨架点的匹配效率低,三维坐标点计算精度不高等问题,在骨架点对应方面,将点匹配代之以更大的枝干匹配,大大缩小了对应点的匹配范围,减少了点匹配次数,提高了匹配效率.三维坐标点计算方面,考虑方程组的几何意义,采用异面直线公垂线中点逼近三维空间点的方法,提高了点坐标的计算精度.     

多值有向角与密克定理的推广

利用三角形三边弦圆共点的有关条件和多值有向角及其相关概念,推广了密克定理.     

Lipids of sulfate-reducing bacteria and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria found in the Dongsheng uranium deposit

U-bearing sandstones from the Dongsheng deposit in Ordos Basin contain abundant C15-C18 fatty acids. The fatty acids may have been derived from modern and ancient organisms including organisms from the intervals of U mineralization. A certain amount of i15:0, a15:0, a17:0 fatty acids coexist with small amounts of i17:1ω7c and 10me16:0, characteristic biomarkers of Desulfovibrio and Desulfobacter sp., respectively. This indicates the existence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the sandstones. The presence of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB), such as Beggiatoa and Thioploca, is indicated by significant amounts of 16:1ω7c and 18:1ω7c fatty acids. The existence of the SRB in the deposit, as inferred from the fatty acids, is consistent with results from fossilized microorganisms and isotopic compositions of ore-stage pyrite. This suggests that the environment may have been favorable for the SRB to grow since ore formation (9.8-22 Ma). The bacteria may have degraded hydrocarbons directly, or indirectly utilized hydrocarbons degraded by oxic microbes in the deposits. This process may have produced 12C-rich calcite and prominent baseline humps of unresolved complex mixtures (UCM), and 25-demethylated hopanes and tricyclic terpanes. The existence of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria in the deposit may have resulted in bacterial sulfate reduction to sulfide, re-oxidization of the sulfide to sulfate and subsequent reduction of the sulfate to sulfide. This assertion is supported by ore-stage pyrite with δ34S values as low as-39.2‰, and the lightest sulfate (about 11‰) measured during the Phanerozoic, a difference of more than 46‰.     

浅谈沥青路面早期病害原因及防治措施

笔者主要从路面结构设计、现场施工质量控制、投入运营后超载车辆管理等方面,分析沥青路面早期破坏的原因.     

动力学在交通事故处理中的应用

公安院校基础教学中公安知识的渗透,有力地驱动学生创造力的培养。在现场勘查中,针对事故现场的实况,可运用动力学的知识,对肇事车辆行驶速度作出科学的鉴定。     

Gas-liquid phase coexistence and finite-size effects in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system

The gas-liquid phase coexistence in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system is investigated using Maxwell construction method together with molecular dynamics simulations.The results of phase coexistence in different truncations of the potential are compared with data obtained from the literature,and the corresponding critical properties calculated.The crossover from Ising-like to mean field behavior is observed and confirmed as the temperature approaches the critical point from below.Performing simulations on systems with different sizes,we find that a finite size effect is more significant than those shown in most of the previous results,and a lower critical temperature is obtained when the full extent of this finite size effect is considered.     

Spatial prisoner’s dilemma games with increasing size of the interaction neighborhood on regular lattices

We studied the evolution of cooperation in the prisoner’s dilemma game on a square lattice where the size of the interaction neighborhood is considered. Firstly, the effects of noise and the cost-to-benefit ratio on the maintenance of cooperation were investigated. The results indicate that the cooperation frequency depends on the noise and cost-to-benefit ratio: cooperation reaches a climax as noise increases, but it monotonously decreases and even vanishes with the ratio increasing. Furthermore, we investigated how the size of the interaction neighborhood affects the emergence of cooperation in detail. Our study demonstrates that cooperation is remarkably enhanced by an increase in the size of the interaction neighborhood. However, cooperation died out when the size of the interaction neighborhood became too large since the system was similar to the mean-field system. On this basis, a cluster-forming mechanism acting among cooperators was also explored, and it showed that the moderate range of the neighborhood size is beneficial for forming larger cooperative clusters. Finally, large-scale Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to visualize and interpret these phenomena explicitly.     

科学与良知之争——以“科玄”论战为中心

作为“五四”新文化运动的延伸,“科玄”论战的主题由新旧文化的核心范畴良知与科学之争得以确定.玄学派试图通过划界方式,主动将“知”划归科学,以图保留良知之“良”(仁)性.这个策略一方面背离了仁知统一的儒家良知传统,使良知失去了“知”这个根基.另一方面,科学派趁势追击,以理智破除直觉、情感,以因果律破除自由意志,以科学之知破除良知之“良”(仁)性,从而使良知既失“知”性也失“良”(仁)性,良知彻底破产.如何在科学时代重建新良知,这无疑是科学与良知之争给中国哲学界留下的难题与重要理论财富.