张力带与髌骨爪置入治疗单纯横行和粉碎性髌骨骨折疗效分析

目的比较张力带和髌骨爪置入治疗单纯横行骨折和粉碎性骨折患者疗效,为临床两种手术方法的选择提供依据.方法对接受治疗的38例髌骨骨折患者进行回顾性分析,其中20例患者采用张力带疗法,18例患者采用髌骨爪疗法,比较不同疗法患者手术时间、术中出血量、并发症发生率、骨折愈合时间、膝关节功能恢复情况.结果张力带固定组患者术中出血量(305.2±36.5)m L,显著高于髌骨爪固定组患者(283.4±24.8)m L(P0.05),张力带固定组粉碎性骨折患者平均手术时间(54.1±9.1)min,显著长于髌骨爪固定组粉碎性骨折患者(52.9±2.8)min(P0.05).两组患者骨折愈合时间无显著性差异(11.9±1.9,12.4±1.8)周,膝关节功能评价平均分髌骨爪固定组患者(78.7±9.3)分,显著优于张力带固定组患者(84.7±9.2)分(P0.05).结论对于一般髌骨横行骨折患者,可采用张力带固定方式,而对于年龄较大、身体素质较差、粉碎性骨折患者,推荐采用髌骨爪固定方式,以减少术后并发症发生,促进膝关节功能恢复.     

Shear-thickening behavior of Fe-ZSM5 zeolite slurry and its removal with alumina/boehmites

A cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) technique was used to explore the shear-thickening behavior of Fe-ZSM5 zeolite pastes and to discover its underlying mechanism. Bare Fe-ZSM5 zeolite samples were found to contain agglomerations, which may break the flow of the pastes and cause shear-thickening behaviors. However, the shear-thickening behaviors can be eliminated by the addition of halloysite and various boehmites because of improved particle packing. Furthermore, compared with pure Fe-ZSM5 zeolite samples and its composite samples with halloysite, the samples with boehmite (Pural SB or Disperal) additions exhibited network structures in their cryo-SEM images; these structures could facilitate the storage and release of flow water, smooth paste flow, and avoid shear-thickening. By contrast, another boehmite (Versal 250) formed agglomerations rather than network structures after being added to the Fe-ZSM5 zeolite paste and resulted in shear-thickening behavior. Consequently, the results suggest that these network structures play key roles in eliminating the shear-thickening behavior.     

Mineral-phase evolution and sintering behavior of MO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3 (M=Ca,Ba) glass-ceramics by low-temperature liquid-phase sintering

In this work, network former SiO₂ and network intermediate Al₂O₃ were introduced into typical low-melting binary compositions CaO·B₂O₃, CaO·2B₂O₃, and BaO·B₂O₃ via an aqueous solid-state suspension milling route. Accordingly, multiple-phase aluminosilicate glass-ceramics were directly obtained via liquid-phase sintering at temperatures below 950℃. On the basis of liquid-phase sintering theory, mineral-phase evolutions and glass-phase formations were systematically investigated in a wide MO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-B₂O₃ (M=Ca, Ba) composition range. The results indicate that major mineral phases of the aluminosilicate glass-ceramics are Al₂₀B₄O₃₆, CaAl₂Si₂O₈, and BaAl₂Si₂O₈ and that the glass-ceramic materials are characterized by dense microstructures and excellent dielectric properties.     

Nanoindentation response analysis of TiN-Cu coating deposited by magnetron sputtering

To investigate the change of the mechanical properties of soft metals doped PVD(Physical Vapor Deposition)coatings after the migration of soft metal to the surface, TiN-Cu coating was deposited on Si(100) by magnetron sputtering. The microstructure and mechanical properties at room temperature and after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃ were investigated. The results showed that the grains were clustered and the microstructure was porous for TiN-Cu coating at room temperature, while many micro-and nano-sized Cu particles were observed on the surface after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃. The elastic properties of the TiN-Cu coating after vacuum heat treatment at 300℃ degraded compared with that at room temperature. The hardness and elasticity modulus of TiN-Cu coating kept constant(3.7 GPa and 125.0 GPa, respectively) with the increase of nano-indentation depth, while the hardness and elasticity modulus of TiN-Cu coating after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃ increased gradually.     

水平螺旋管外V型槽强化冷凝传热的理论研究

对水平螺旋管外开有Ｖ型槽时的凝结换热强化问题进行了理论研究．针对Ｖ型槽的冷凝换热特点,将Ｖ型槽流动区域分为传热区和液流区两个部分,对其分别建立了理论模型,并进行了数学描写．通过分析两个区之间流动和换热的有机联系,得到了螺旋管外Ｖ型槽冷凝换热问题的理论解,并给出了能用于工程实际的换热准则方程式．     

芳基三唑啉酮类除草剂三维定量构效关系研究

使用比较分子场分析法（ＣｏＭＦＡ）,对１８种抑制原卟啉原氧化酶（ＰＰＯ）的芳基三唑啉酮类化合物进行了三维定量构效关系（ＱＳＡＲ）研究,得到了具有较强预测能力的ＱＳＡＲ模型．该模型显示空间场和静电场效应在抑制ＰＰＯ活性方面均起重要作用,模型对进一步设计、合成具有更高活性的新型除草剂具有指导意义     

建筑拆除废弃物水泥稳定碎石力学特性及其设计参数

为了深入分析建筑拆除废弃物应用于公路工程中的可行性,通过室内试验揭示了龄期、新集料掺量等因素对建筑拆除废弃物水泥稳定碎石(CCWM)无侧限抗压强度、劈裂强度和抗压回弹模量等力学参数的影响规律,建立了各力学参数的预估模型,提出了CCWM各力学参数的推荐参考值.结果表明:CCWM无侧限抗压强度、劈裂强度和抗压回弹模量随着龄期和新料掺量的增加而增加;新集料掺量每提高20%,CCWM的无侧限抗压强度提高8%~90%,劈裂强度提高5%~75%,抗压回弹模量提高2%~21%;建立的预估模型能够较好地预测CCWM各力学参数变化规律;CCWM无侧限抗压强度和劈裂强度的推荐参考值分别为2.7~5.5和0.59~1.06MPa,用于弯沉计算和拉应力计算的抗压回弹模量推荐参考值分别为1 300~1 900和1 700~2 200 MPa,可供路面设计与施工参考.     

生物液晶对CaCO3结构影响的超声效应

应用Ｄ／ｍａｘ－ⅢＣ型全自动Ｘ射线衍射仪对常温下几种化学合成的ＣａＣＯ３结构进行了研究．结果表明，一般化学法合成的ＣａＣＯ３以方解石结构存在；在液晶相中合成的ＣａＣＯ３以霰石结构存在；而在用超声处理过的液晶相中合成的ＣａＣＯ３既有方解石结构存在，又有霰石结构存在     

综合运输网络中合理路径优化模型

为了提高多式联运经营人运输决策的科学性和可行性,建立了一个含路径合理性约束的联合运输路径优化模型.从货运生产实践角度出发,提出了联合运输合理路径概念.基于联合运输的实现流程,指出除了运输效益最大化外,合理的换装序列和换装次数限制是联合运输路径选择和优化必须要考虑的另外2个重要特性.对于一般联合运输问题,研究了运输总费用的构成,即直线运输费用、节点中转费用和超期惩罚费用.通过构建直观的联合运输网络图,以总运输成本最少为优化目标,将多方式联合运输合理路径的选择和优化问题转化为含有超期惩罚因子的广义最短路模型,对模型的假设和数学形式做了详细的描述,并提供了简要的求解思路和参考算法.     

较低温固体电解质催化氧传感器的研究

制备了不同的固体电解质，测量电极和参比电极，利用应答实验研究了固体电解质，测量电极对氧传感器的影响，利用恒电流实验选择了合适的参比电极，并研究了程度，氧浓度对电池应答的影响，考察了其稳定性，并进一步进行了阴极极化和阳极极化的研究。