1996-2016年五味子在国产保健食品中的应用与分析

目的 分析五味子21 a间在国产保健食品中作为原料的应用情况,为进一步研发五味子保健食品提供参考.方法 利用回顾性调查方法,抽取国家食品药品监督管理总局(CFDA)网站中1996—2016年已注册的保健食品信息,建立五味子保健食品专题数据库,分析五味子相关保健食品的功能分布、与之配伍的中药种类、频次、功效成分(或标志性成分)、地区分布及年代分布等.结果 1996—2016年期间含五味子的国产保健食品共有351个,涉及功能20种,配方原料数量最多6种,与五味子配伍使用的原料前5位为枸杞子、酸枣仁、人参、葛根、黄芪,功效成分涉及118种,申请地中前5位依次为北京市、广东省、陕西省、吉林省及黑龙江省.结论 含五味子保健食品的开发总量不足,档次较低,接近食品形态的剂型较少,没有形成基于五味子医药文化及民俗文化的品牌优势.     

张力带与髌骨爪置入治疗单纯横行和粉碎性髌骨骨折疗效分析

目的比较张力带和髌骨爪置入治疗单纯横行骨折和粉碎性骨折患者疗效,为临床两种手术方法的选择提供依据.方法对接受治疗的38例髌骨骨折患者进行回顾性分析,其中20例患者采用张力带疗法,18例患者采用髌骨爪疗法,比较不同疗法患者手术时间、术中出血量、并发症发生率、骨折愈合时间、膝关节功能恢复情况.结果张力带固定组患者术中出血量(305.2±36.5)m L,显著高于髌骨爪固定组患者(283.4±24.8)m L(P0.05),张力带固定组粉碎性骨折患者平均手术时间(54.1±9.1)min,显著长于髌骨爪固定组粉碎性骨折患者(52.9±2.8)min(P0.05).两组患者骨折愈合时间无显著性差异(11.9±1.9,12.4±1.8)周,膝关节功能评价平均分髌骨爪固定组患者(78.7±9.3)分,显著优于张力带固定组患者(84.7±9.2)分(P0.05).结论对于一般髌骨横行骨折患者,可采用张力带固定方式,而对于年龄较大、身体素质较差、粉碎性骨折患者,推荐采用髌骨爪固定方式,以减少术后并发症发生,促进膝关节功能恢复.     

Shear-thickening behavior of Fe-ZSM5 zeolite slurry and its removal with alumina/boehmites

A cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) technique was used to explore the shear-thickening behavior of Fe-ZSM5 zeolite pastes and to discover its underlying mechanism. Bare Fe-ZSM5 zeolite samples were found to contain agglomerations, which may break the flow of the pastes and cause shear-thickening behaviors. However, the shear-thickening behaviors can be eliminated by the addition of halloysite and various boehmites because of improved particle packing. Furthermore, compared with pure Fe-ZSM5 zeolite samples and its composite samples with halloysite, the samples with boehmite (Pural SB or Disperal) additions exhibited network structures in their cryo-SEM images; these structures could facilitate the storage and release of flow water, smooth paste flow, and avoid shear-thickening. By contrast, another boehmite (Versal 250) formed agglomerations rather than network structures after being added to the Fe-ZSM5 zeolite paste and resulted in shear-thickening behavior. Consequently, the results suggest that these network structures play key roles in eliminating the shear-thickening behavior.     

Mineral-phase evolution and sintering behavior of MO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3 (M=Ca,Ba) glass-ceramics by low-temperature liquid-phase sintering

In this work, network former SiO₂ and network intermediate Al₂O₃ were introduced into typical low-melting binary compositions CaO·B₂O₃, CaO·2B₂O₃, and BaO·B₂O₃ via an aqueous solid-state suspension milling route. Accordingly, multiple-phase aluminosilicate glass-ceramics were directly obtained via liquid-phase sintering at temperatures below 950℃. On the basis of liquid-phase sintering theory, mineral-phase evolutions and glass-phase formations were systematically investigated in a wide MO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-B₂O₃ (M=Ca, Ba) composition range. The results indicate that major mineral phases of the aluminosilicate glass-ceramics are Al₂₀B₄O₃₆, CaAl₂Si₂O₈, and BaAl₂Si₂O₈ and that the glass-ceramic materials are characterized by dense microstructures and excellent dielectric properties.     

Nanoindentation response analysis of TiN-Cu coating deposited by magnetron sputtering

To investigate the change of the mechanical properties of soft metals doped PVD(Physical Vapor Deposition)coatings after the migration of soft metal to the surface, TiN-Cu coating was deposited on Si(100) by magnetron sputtering. The microstructure and mechanical properties at room temperature and after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃ were investigated. The results showed that the grains were clustered and the microstructure was porous for TiN-Cu coating at room temperature, while many micro-and nano-sized Cu particles were observed on the surface after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃. The elastic properties of the TiN-Cu coating after vacuum heat treatment at 300℃ degraded compared with that at room temperature. The hardness and elasticity modulus of TiN-Cu coating kept constant(3.7 GPa and 125.0 GPa, respectively) with the increase of nano-indentation depth, while the hardness and elasticity modulus of TiN-Cu coating after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃ increased gradually.     

祖国统一大业与中华民族凝聚力

：中国传统文化历来注重国家统一,统一是中国历史发展的主流。实现祖国统一必须增强中华民族的凝聚力。中华民族具有极强的凝聚力,两岸统一是民心所向、大势所趋。台湾回归祖国,不仅对两岸经济社会发展有诸多好处,而且反过来会在很大程度上增强中华民族凝聚力。为了实现祖国统一,应特别注意做好四方面的工作：一、推进中国特色社会主义建设,提升综合国力;二、深化政治体制改革,加强民主化、法制化建设;三、坚持和完善“一国两制”方针,确保香港、澳门的稳定与繁荣;四、加强两岸经济文化交流,与“台独”势力进行坚决斗争。     

城市社区卫生服务体系的创新与卫生公平

根据目前我国大部分城市社区卫生服务运行不良的现状,认为社区卫生服务必须围绕科学发展、机制保障、构建整体、以人为本、关注弱势的核心,才能有效改善公平,使群众分享经济社会文明进步的卫生资源成果。     

Mg+x% Mm(NiCoMnAl)5复合储氢材料吸放氢性能研究

采用高能球磨法制备了Mg x%Mm(NiCoMnAl)_5(x=10、20、30和40)纳米晶和非晶混合结构的复合储氢材料,并对其结构和吸放氢性能进行了研究．XRD结果表明,Mg与Mm(NiCoMnAl)_5球磨200h后有Mg_2Ni和La_2Mg_(17)相生成．吸氢动力学研究发现,在423K和3．4 MPa下,随着x增大,吸氢速率和最大吸氢量都出现了先增大后减小的趋势．当x=20时,复合材料的吸氢性能达到最佳,其最大吸氢速率达到0．45%/s,50s内即可吸氢3．6%．热重分析结果表明,Mg的氢化物相放氢温度降低到259℃(x=40)．     

考虑土体强度非均质和各向异性的隧道洞口仰坡地震稳定性上限解

隧道洞口段仰坡稳定性分析是隧道工程设计的关键,考虑土体强度非均质及各向异性影响,结合极限分析上限理论及土体强度折减理论,推导出的仰坡稳定性极限分析上限解计算公式,对比验证了所提计算方法的合理性,探究了地震力作用下非均质及各向异性系数对隧道洞口仰坡临界坡高、隧道拱顶破坏位置及仰坡安全系数的影响规律。结果表明：地震力作用下,土体强度非均质系数越大、各向异性系数越小,隧道洞口仰坡稳定所需临界坡高越大;非均质及各向异性系数越大,仰坡初始滑移面越远离坡肩位置,隧道拱顶破坏范围更广;随着各向异性系数增大,仰坡安全系数呈递增规律,而非均质系数增大将导致仰坡安全系数降低,仰坡整体趋于不安全。研究成果为山区隧道洞口仰坡稳定性设计提供了理论依据。     

改性油页岩渣-粉煤灰二元复掺的水化特征

中国油页岩储量大,化学成分中硅铝含量虽然极高但火山灰活性却很低,作为掺合料替代水泥掺量局限于20%以下。为提高油页岩渣活性和掺量,以600℃煅烧2 h为活化基础,辅以高钙粉煤灰提供水硬性,复合掺量设置为30%,结合X射线衍射(X-rays diffraction, XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope, SEM)、能谱仪(energy dispersive spectrometer, EDS)与傅里叶红外光谱仪(Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, FTIR)的检测手段,探究复掺体系水化过程中水化产物的种类、形貌以及硅铝比。结果表明,改性油页岩渣活性源于脱油、脱水、脱羟基增大比表面积以及破坏油页岩渣中高岭土晶体从而产生的无定形铝硅酸盐物质;7 d活性指数达到97.4%,28 d活性指数达到85.8%;水化过程中改性油页岩渣先参与二次水化反应,Ca(OH)₂充足的前提下粉煤灰接着发生三次水化反应,若Ca(OH)₂不充足,粉煤灰以内核的角色参与二次水化反应;...