The invertebrate fauna of the caves of the Uinta Mountains, northeastern Utah

Seven large caves in the Uinta Mountains, Utah, were surveyed for their invertebrate faunas. Thirty-eight species were found, and 30 of these are typical cave inhabitants. Diptera are the predominant group. Cave-restricted species are an amphipod, two diplurans, and possibly a Rhagidia mite. The caves were probablv uninhabitable in the past glacial because of severe periglacial environmental conditions, and the faunas have moved into the present cave sites since deglaciation of the Uintas.     

The business team standard: A means of improving the effectiveness of individual businesses in a multibusiness corporation

The paper describes a project carried out within a major chemicals corporation to improve the performance of the individual businesses. This was to be done by clarifying some of the organisational uncertainties in its structure and improving the way that specialists form coalitions to address market challenges together. The approach used was based on “systems thinking”, which is an intellectual framework of knowledge that attempts to view organisations as wholes and which studies the processes of change in any part in the context of the whole organisation. Some of the important concepts of systems thinking are explored as they might be applied within a business organisation. Specifically the tool used was the Viable System Model of Stafford Beer, which the authors interpreted and developed into a set of statements (“a Standard”) which describe best practice in such organisations. Managers have used this to explore possible gaps in their organisations and, with this understanding, find ways to improve performance.     

Muscle fluorometry: a determination of the depth of penetration

Fluorometric recordings of NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) were made on rabbit papillary muscles. The specimens were placed between the UV light source and a small window of the detection stage. As the muscle was moved over the window in a transverse direction, simultaneous measurements could be taken of transmitted UV light and fluorescent light for various thicknesses of tissue. It is concluded that a muscle thickness of 0.65 mm is optimal before absorption of the incident light decreases the fluorescence signal.     

Electrical membrane constants of sartorius muscle fibers from the South American froǵ,Leptodactylus ocellatus

Résumé Les constantes électriques de la membrane du m. sartorius, de la grenouille sudaméricaine,Leptodactylus ocellatus, ont été mesurées. Les résultats pour les cellules, dans du Ringer normal (2.5 mM potassium), s'accordent avec ceux deHubbard pourRana temporaria. En 2.5 mM cesium Ringer, une diminution de diamètre de 12% et une augmentation de 16% de la capacité de la membrane ont été observées.

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This work was supported in part by the US Navy department (offfice of Navy research), the US Automic Energy Commission, and the Direction General de Investtgations y Desarrollo, Ministerio de Defensa National Argentina.