镍(Ⅱ)四磺酸基酞菁修饰玻碳电极制备一氧化氮传感器

用电沉积法将镍(Ⅱ)四磺酸基酞菁(NiTSPc)修饰在玻碳电极表面,又用浸蘸法将Nafion修饰在该电极表面,制备出一种新型一氧化氮电化学传感器,并研究了它们对缓冲溶液(PBS)中一氧化氮(NO)和亚硝酸盐(NO2-)的电化学行为.实验结果表明,NiTSPc和Nafion修饰材料对一氧化氮分子的电化学氧化具有显著的促进作用,在c(NO)为0.2~8μmol/L的区间内,用NiTSPc和Nafion修饰的传感器的DPA电流值与c(NO)成良好线性关系,且灵敏度高,选择性良好,可用于NO实时检测.     

浅论交通事故现场勘查课程实验教学新体系的构建

随着交通事故处理体系的变化,交通事故现场勘查工作的重要性、难度、复杂程度都得到大幅度提升,这对从事现场勘查工作的交通民警提出了更高的要求。原有的交通事故现场勘查课程骞验已经不能适应今天的实战需要,文章从分析原有实验教学中存在的问题入手,提出建立新的实验体系的观点以及新的实验体系应包含的内容。     

Exome sequencing of liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma

Opisthorchis viverrini-related cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a fatal bile duct cancer, is a major public health concern in areas endemic for this parasite. We report here whole-exome sequencing of eight O. viverrini-related tumors and matched normal tissue. We identified and validated 206 somatic mutations in 187 genes using Sanger sequencing and selected 15 genes for mutation prevalence screening in an additional 46 individuals with CCA (cases). In addition to the known cancer-related genes TP53 (mutated in 44.4% of cases), KRAS (16.7%) and SMAD4 (16.7%), we identified somatic mutations in 10 newly implicated genes in 14.8-3.7% of cases. These included inactivating mutations in MLL3 (in 14.8% of cases), ROBO2 (9.3%), RNF43 (9.3%) and PEG3 (5.6%), and activating mutations in the GNAS oncogene (9.3%). These genes have functions that can be broadly grouped into three biological classes: (i) deactivation of histone modifiers, (ii) activation of G protein signaling and (iii) loss of genome stability. This study provides insight into the mutational landscape contributing to O. viverrini-related CCA.     

Facilitation of Yucca brevifolia recruitment by Mojave Desert shrubs

Patterns of recruitment for Yucca brevifolia (Joshua tree) were investigated on 3 elevational transects, 1000-2000 m, in the Spring and Sheep Mountain ranges of southern Nevada. Yucca brevifolia is distributed throughout a broad range of plant communities dominated by Larrea tridentata and Ambrosia dumosa at low elevations, Coleogyne ramosissima at middle elevations, and an Artemisia-Pinus-Juniperus community at upper elevations. The density of Y. brevifolia gradually increased from the lowest elevations, peaked at 1600 m, and remained at intermediate levels at high elevations until reaching an abrupt upper elevational limit at 2000 m. Open substrate dominated the study areas; however, a large majority of Y. brevifolia seedlings were found growing under the canopy of other woody shrubs. This pattern of recruitment did not vary by site or elevation. Thirty-five species of perennial shrubs were identified in the study areas, 16 of which were found in association with at least 1 Y. brevifolia seedling. However, 4 shrubs were found in a nurse plant relationship with Y. brevifolia above the frequency predicted by either their canopy area or numerical dominance. Seedlings exhibited significant variation in aspect, relative to the center of the nurse shrub. In Lee and Lucky Strike canyons, recruitment occurred predominantly on the east and west sides of nurse shrubs, indicating the importance of specific microhabitats. Local presence of specific perennial shrubs resulted in higher levels of recruitment, causing a distinct pattern of community development, resumably through amelioration of abiotic stresses.     

Mechanisms of cellular invasion by intracellular parasites

Numerous disease-causing parasites must invade host cells in order to prosper. Collectively, such pathogens are responsible for a staggering amount of human sickness and death throughout the world. Leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, toxoplasmosis, and malaria are neglected diseases and therefore are linked to socio-economical and geographical factors, affecting well-over half the world’s population. Such obligate intracellular parasites have co-evolved with humans to establish a complexity of specific molecular parasite–host cell interactions, forming the basis of the parasite’s cellular tropism. They make use of such interactions to invade host cells as a means to migrate through various tissues, to evade the host immune system, and to undergo intracellular replication. These cellular migration and invasion events are absolutely essential for the completion of the lifecycles of these parasites and lead to their for disease pathogenesis. This review is an overview of the molecular mechanisms of protozoan parasite invasion of host cells and discussion of therapeutic strategies, which could be developed by targeting these invasion pathways. Specifically, we focus on four species of protozoan parasites Leishmania, Trypanosoma cruzi, Plasmodium, and Toxoplasma, which are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality.     

Optimal pricing and inventory policy with order cancelations under the cash-on-delivery payment scheme

Considering a periodic review system where the online seller allows the customers to pay when the products are delivered to them（referred as cash-on-delivery payment scheme in this paper）,the authors investigate the seller＇s joint pricing and inventory control policy with a finite planning horizon.In particular,the authors incorporate the customers＇ possible order cancellation behavior with the cash-on-delivery scheme.It can be proven that the base-stock list price policy is optimal under mild conditions.The authors also analyze the impact of the customers＇ forward looking behavior on the optimal policy.     

Regulatory control level on the mountain the old city renovation

以山西省兴县县城旧城区控规为例,探讨山区旧城更新改造的控规编制要点,通过划分合理的功能分区、配置完善的公共基础设施、建立便捷的道路交通体系、维持恢复生态系统等,重塑旧城区整体环境,使其符合居民生活需求,促进区域经济协调发展.     

强单调逆变分不等式的自适应投影算法

利用投影技巧给出求解强单调逆变分不等式的自适应投影算法,并在适当假设条件下,证明了算法的收敛性.