入海河口退化生境阶梯式生态修复策略构想

基于河口生态系统的结构与功能,结合近年来中国主要河流入海污染物的主要种类及含量,提出入海河口生境阶梯式生态修复策略,主要包含:河口"上游段—中游段—下游段"纵向阶梯式生态修复技术体系;河口各段"潮上带—潮间带—潮下带"横向阶梯式生态修复技术体系;污染物在河口从上至下各段(上游段—中游段—下游段)各带(潮上带—潮间带—潮下带)阶梯式消减技术体系;"污染物源头处理—河口污染物生态修复"阶梯式生态修复技术策略。并对这些策略给予理论论证,为构建入海河口生态修复技术体系,消减陆源污染物经河口进入海洋提供新思路。     

河南典型县域农用地产能及潜力研究

以耕地质量等级成果为基础,利用农用地产能核算理论和技术方法,核算了辉县市农用地的理论产能、可实现产能和实际产能.并根据辉县市的粮食生产特征,计算和评价其农用地利用潜力.结果表明:1)辉县市理论单产28 972 kg/hm2,各乡镇之间差别不大;辉县市可实现单产为17 381.72 kg/hm2,各乡镇之间可实现单产存在较明显差异;辉县市农用地实际总产能的计算结果为54.99万t,与统计年鉴产量基本一致;实际单产为12 752.54 kg/hm2,且南部平原区的实际产能高于西北部山区.2)辉县市各行政村的农用地单产利用潜力为1 426.85~7 621.66 kg/hm2,均值为4 628.41 kg/hm2;辉县市农用地总产利用潜力为19.97万t,占整市实际产能的36.29%,其农用地总产具有较大的发展空间.     

基于旅游非优区理论的森林公园旅游发展探讨——以陕西省翠峰山森林公园为例

基于旅游非优区理论,探讨了旅游非优区研究进展、优化路径,以陕西省翠峰山森林公园为例,分析了翠峰山的非优表现,总结出由"生态、创新、主题、本土、休闲、体验"六环节构成的公园旅游优化发展模式.森林公园非优区的旅游发展应突破传统的资源导向模式,结合市场需求与特点,以休闲经济和度假旅游为导向,合理定位、重新组合,开发休闲旅游资源,打造差异化的特色旅游产品;营造独树一帜的休闲度假环境;走出特色化的旅游管理与服务;塑造品牌化的旅游文化与形象,走不仅仅依靠资源的多向发展之路.     

铲齿凸轮理论廓线的设计研究

以铲齿凸轮理论廓线为研究对象,对其设计方法进行了深入研究,提出Hermite型的凸轮回程曲线设计.简要叙述了利用铲齿车床加工齿轮滚刀铲背曲面的基本原理.基于微分几何学和Hermite多项式插值理论,并结合曲线边界条件,给出了三次Hermite型回程曲线的参数方程.结合铲齿凸轮设计实例,比较Archimedes型和Hermite型回程曲线的运动特性曲线,并分析其对加工过程的影响,证明Hermite型曲线的优势.为提高设计效率,用C语言编写铲齿凸轮理论廓线辅助设计程序,并结合开源程序包gnuplot和LaTeX,以曲线图呈现设计结果.     

Progress in the research of radical anion ligands and their complexes

Recent progress in the research of radical anion ligands and their complexes with metals were summarized in this review. Radical anions were sorted into several types including iminosemiquinonate and iminoquinonate radical, nitroxide radical, heterocycle radical etc. Structural characteristics and properties of the corresponding complexes were introduced. The complexes exhibited novel properties and possibility for applications in organic magnetic materials and transition metal catalysis.     

Observation of directional change of core field inside flux ropes within one reconnection diffusion region in the Earth’s magnetotail

Two consecutive magnetic flux ropes, separated by less than 30 s （△t 〈 30 s）, are observed within one magnetic reconnection diffusion region without strong guide field in the Earth＇s magnetotail by Cluster multispacecraft. The flux ropes are characterized by bipolar signatures of the south-north magnetic field component Bz accompanied with strong core magnetic field By, intense current J and density depletions inside of them. In spite of the small but non-trivial global scale negative guide field （-By）, there exists a directional change of the core fields of two flux ropes, i.e., -By for the first one, and ＋By for the second one. The directions of the core fields are the same as the ambient cross-tail magnetic field component （By） just outside of flux ropes. Therefore, we suggest that the core field of flux ropes is formed by compression of the local preexisting By and that the directional change of core field is due to the change of local preexisting By. Such a change in ambient By might be caused by some microscale physics.     

A wetness index derived from tree-rings in the Mt. Yishan area of China since 1755 AD and its agricultural implications

Dendroclimatological techniques were employed to investigate the relationship between Chinese Pinus(Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) growth and climatic variability in the Mt.Yishan region of Shandong Province, China, over the past253 years. Using regression analysis, the wetness index(WI)was reconstructed for the Mt. Yishan area for the period1755–2007 AD based on tree-ring widths; predictor variables accounted for 40 % of the variance. The reconstructed timeseries displayed an increasing trend after the late 1960 s. Both the estimated and the observed WI for May–August were better correlated with precipitation than temperature during the period 1958–2007 AD, indicating that the contribution of precipitation to the WI was larger than temperature in the study area. The reconstructed WI was compared with the dryness/wetness index of China and land areas that were affected by droughts and floods using the agricultural statistics for Shandong Province. In addition, the WI time-series corresponded well with the peanut yield in Shandong Province at high frequency, which may be reasonable in the context of agriculture in Shandong. The 3-, 5- to 6- and 9- to10-year periodicities detected in the time-series suggested that the reconstructed WI in the Mt. Yishan area may be related to large-scale climate variations.     

酒石酸亚铁法测定黄瓜中多酚含量

采用浸取法以乙醇为提取剂从黄瓜中提取多酚类物质,利用酒石酸亚铁对多酚的显色反应表征提取物中抗氧化物质的含量,通过正交试验对黄瓜中多酚的提取条件进行优化.结果表明:黄瓜中多酚的最佳提取条件为95%乙醇作溶剂,提取温度50℃,提取时间为90 min,所得黄瓜中多酚类化合物的提取量为15.29mg/g.     

绩效考核满意度问卷设计与SAS分析--以北京市管水员为例

利用对173名管水员的调查数据,运用SAS分析法分析管水员对绩效考核制度的满意度,为水务建设与管理考核制度的完善提供依据.研究表明:大部分管水员对有关工作内容方面的考核和考核最后的实施效果满意度较高,而对考核制度中的奖励制度满意度较低,对惩罚制度支持者和反对者相当.根据分析结果,建议在考核时增加"做出贡献的管水员可根据贡献大小适当加分表扬"这一考核指标.     

速生优质北创杨新品系的选育

采用北抗杨(P.del.cl.Beikang-1)为母本、创新杨(P.del.cl.Xinshiji)为父本进行杂交育种.按照杂交育种程序和常规试验方法,经过3年的苗期生长量、抗虫性及材性选择,选育出抗虫性良好的北创杨2号和材性优良的北创杨8号.其中,北创杨2号与父母本相比,美国白蛾虫害率分别降低了39.9%和10.1%,虫害指数分别降低了54.6%和47.5%.北创杨8号的木材纤维长度与父母本相比分别增加了15.1%和25.7%,木材纤维长宽比分别增加30.5%和39.1%,壁腔比分别降低了10.3%和8.4%.北创杨系列的选育不仅为我国北方型杨树家族增添了抗虫及纸浆用材新品种,而且具有显著的经济、社会和生态效益.