Leptomeningeal metastasis from central nervous system tumors: A study of classification and stage in the spinal canal of 58 patients

Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is caused by the spread of malignant tumor cells into the subarachnoid space.However,classification and staging of LM in the spinal canal is rare in the literature.The authors reviewed the records of 58 Chinese patients with LM for clinical features,neuroimaging,and treatments.Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and spinal cord were performed in all patients.Removal of intracranial tumors was performed in all patients and diagnoses were confirmed by histology.The study group consisted of 58 patients,with 29 cases presenting with intraspinal symptoms.Of the 58,8 patients underwent intraspinal tumor removal,8 received radiotherapy alone,9 received chemotherapy alone,and 34 patients received combined radiochemotherapy.We classified LM into 3 types:type L or leptomeninges LM,is subdivided into 2 subtypes (subtype LI and LII (a,b)),type N or nerve root LM is subdivided into 2 subtypes (subtype NI and NII (a,b)),and type M or mixed-type LM.We also divided LM into stages of I-IV according to the symptoms and the volume of the tumor based on spinal axial MRI.Type LI LM often occurs in patients with intracranial and intraspinal tumors found simultaneously.Patients who receive surgery for intracranial tumors may present with type N LM.Surgery is suitable for patients with NI LM and LIIb LM in stages III-IV,presenting with severe spinal symptoms.The prognosis is better for type N LM than type L LM.     

Degradation of the antibiotic sulfamonomethoxine sodium in aqueous solution by photo-Fenton oxidation

In this study, photo-Fenton oxidation was applied to degradation of sulfamonomethoxine sodium (SMMS) in aqueous solution. The operation parameters of pH, temperature, and concentrations of H2O2, Fe2+ and SMMS were investigated. The optimum conditions for the photo-Fenton process were determined as follows: [SMMS]=4.53 mg/L, pH 4.0, [H2O2]=0.49 mmol/L, [Fe2+]= 19.51 μmol/L and T=25°C. Under these conditions 98.5% of the SMMS degraded. The kinetics were also studied, and degradation of SMMS by the photo-Fenton process could be described by first-order kinetics. The apparent activation energy was calculated as 23.95 kJ/mol. Mineralization of the process was investigated by measuring the chemical oxygen demand (COD), and the COD decreased by 99% after 120 min. This process could be used as a pretreatment method for wastewater containing sulfamonomethoxine sodium.     

MIMO干扰信道下基于功率分配的干扰抑制算法

为了抑制MIMO干扰信道下的多小区干扰,采用子空间干扰抑制算法和功率分配相结合的干扰抑制方案,该方案充分利用系统总功率,将多小区干扰尽可能地重叠,以提高系统的性能.理论分析及仿真结果表明,与传统干扰抑制方案相比,该方案仅牺牲极微小的系统容量,却明显地降低了系统的干扰功率.     

藏族小说审美价值探析

文章从审美倾向、表现手法等方面探讨了藏族小说旨在穿越历史探寻规律,挖掘藏民族个体与群体的精神世界及其与宗教文化的关系,着力表现藏族百姓的人性美、藏族英雄的崇高美和青藏高原的神奇美等方面的审美价值以及审美趋向。     

平面漫反射板对真空太阳集热管能量采集的影响

提出了平面漫反射板对真空太阳集热管能量采集贡献的计算模型.计算结果表明,在垂直入射光线下,平面漫反射板对真空太阳集热管能量采集的贡献较大,且依其结构因子的不同而不同.     

Co-W磁性薄膜应变对其有效磁晶各向异性能的影响

利用磁控溅射在250℃的MgO(220)单晶基片上先后沉积Cr(100 nm)下底层和不同厚度(9~80 nm)的Co-11%W(原子分数)磁性层,二者取向附生生长关系为Cr(112)[111]∥Co-W(1010)[1210]和Cr(112)[110]∥Co-W(1010)[0001].随着膜厚的增加,Co-W在薄膜面内的压应变(ε0)从0.781 3%减小到0.544 5%,相应地其有效磁晶各向异性能一级常数Ke1ff由3.82×106减小到2.58×106erg/cc.该结果表明通过设计磁性层和下底层之...     

大直径泥水盾构浅覆土穿越机场的风险演化分析

以上海市仙霞西路隧道地下穿越虹桥机场绕滑道工程为背景,对其规划设计、施工和运营3个阶段的风险因素及其相互关联性和演化关系进行了分析,并提出了风险演化的概念,在一定程度上实现了机场飞行区穿越工程的全过程风险识别.结果表明,盾构隧道3个阶段之间的风险演化为其风险识别与分析的重要组成部分,在工程设计阶段应对整个工程各阶段的风险因素及其相互演化关系进行分析,并制定应对措施.     

Comparison of SETAM with security use case and security misuse case: A software security testing study

A software security testing behavior model,SETAM,was proposed in our previous work as the integrated model for describing software security testing requirements behavior,which is not only compatible with security functions and latent typical misuse behaviors,but also with the interaction of them.In this paper,we analyze the differences between SETAM with security use case and security misuse case in different types of security test requirements.To illustrate the effectiveness of SETAM,we compare them in a practical case study by the number of test cases and the number of faults detected by them.The results show that SETAM could decrease about 34.87% use cases on average,and the number of faults detected by SETAM increased by 71.67% in average,which means that our model can detect more faults with fewer test cases for software security testing.     

杜洛克与梅山猪卵泡中Grb14、eIF4E和SNRPE基因的差异表达研究

为了探讨梅山与杜洛克母猪卵泡中差异表达基因对猪排卵与繁殖性状的影响,对在前期试验中通过消减杂交技术得到的EST杜大5、杜大46、杜大35进行了分析。序列分析结果表明,EST杜大5、杜大46、杜大35分别代表了Grb14、SNRPE、eIF4E基因。组织表达谱分析结果表明,这些EST在各个组织中均有不同程度的表达,其中Grb14基因只在肝脏、肾脏和卵巢、输卵管、黄体、垂体等繁殖相关器官高表达。荧光定量分析结果表明,这些基因在杜洛克猪大卵泡中的表达量均高于在梅山猪大卵泡中的表达量,其中SNRPE、eIF4E基因达到显著水平,在两猪种其他各级别卵泡中也有不同程度的表达差异,其中Grb14在杜M2中的表达量达到梅M2的2.13倍,差异显著,eIF4E基因在杜M1的表达量是梅M1的0.46倍,差异极显著。在猪种内大卵泡L、中等卵泡M2、中等卵泡M1、小卵泡S的相对表达量也有不同程度的差异。这些差异表达的基因可能影响卵泡发育和成熟,为深入了解这些基因在卵泡发育中的作用奠定了基础。     

多通道数据同步采集系统的设计

提出了一种基于FPGA的数据采集系统设计方案.该方案以FPGA为核心,通过SOPC技术将NIOS软核处理器,采集控制逻辑等功能模块集成在FPGA上,然后结合简单的外围电路构建了多通道数据同步采集系统.测试结果表明:该平台功耗低、性能稳定、扩展性强.